Framework of Lower-Limb Musculoskeletal Modeling for FES Control System Development

In recent years, the demand of interest in functional electrical stimulation (FES) is increasing due to the applications especially on spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Numerous studies have been done to regain mobility function and for health benefits especially due to FES control development for the paralyzed person. In this paper, the existing general framework modeling methods have been reviewed and the new modeling framework approach has been discussed. In general modeling and simulation can greatly facilitate to test and tune various FES control strategies. In fact, the modeling of musculoskeletal properties in people with SCI is significantly challenging for researchers due to the complexity of the system. The complexities are due to the complex structural anatomy, complicated movement and dynamics, as well as indeterminate muscle function. Although there are some models have been developed, the complexities of the system resulting mathematical representation that have a large number of parameters which make the model identification process even more difficult. Therefore, a new approach of modeling has been presented which is comparatively less burdened compared with mathematical representations. Hence this musculoskeletal model can be used for FES control system development

Rehabilitation system for paraplegic patients using mind machine interface; a conceptual framework

Mind-Machine Interface (MMI) is a newly surfaced term in the field of control engineering and rehabilitation systems. This technique, coupled with the existing functional electrical stimulation (FES) systems, can be very beneficial for effective rehabilitation of disabled patients. This paper presents a conceptual framework for the development of MMI based FES systems for therapeutic aid and function restoration in spinal cord injured (SCI) paraplegic patients. It is intended to acquire thought modulated signals from human brain and then use these signals to command and control FES as desired by the patient. The proposed setup can significantly assist the rehabilitation and recovery of paraplegic patients due to the ease of control for the user

Retracted: Design economic evolution in the jewellery industry through design process

This article was withdrawn and retracted by the Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences and has been removed from AJOL at the request of the journal Editor in Chief and the organisers of the conference at which the articles were presented (www.iccmit.net). Please address any queries to [email protected]

Effect of ZnO thin films on CdTe solar cells: A numerical analysis

CdTe solar cell is found favourable material for solar cell due to its ideal energy band gap, absorption coefficient, and higher efficiency. The efficiency and performance of CdTe solar cell can be further improved by adding ZnO as front contact. Zinc oxide has both semiconducting and piezoelectric properties, which makes it an optimum choice front contact for any solar cell. ZnO is one of the best options for nanostructures among all materials due to its structures and properties. In this paper, ZnO thin film has been analyzed using the one-dimensional simulator AMPS-1D to determine its' maximum efficiency. Different parameter of ZnO (100nm) thin film is simulated such that sun intensity, temperature, thickness, relative permittivity, mobility and effective density of state. The maximum efficiency of ZnO thin film is found 22.836%. The study highlights the changing of different parameter of ZnO thin film and improves its efficiency

Framework of lower-limb musculoskeletal modeling for FES control system development

In recent years, the demand of interest in functional electrical stimulation (FES) is increasing due to the applications especially on spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Numerous studies have been done to regain mobility function and for health benefits especially due to FES control development for the paralyzed person. In this paper, the existing general framework modeling methods have been reviewed and the new modeling framework approach has been discussed. In general modeling and simulation can greatly facilitate to test and tune various FES control strategies. In fact, the modeling of musculoskeletal properties in people with SCI is significantly challenging for researchers due to the complexity of the system. The complexities are due to the complex structural anatomy, complicated movement and dynamics, as well as indeterminate muscle function. Although there are some models have been developed, the complexities of the system resulting mathematical representation that have a large number of parameters which make the model identification process even more difficult. Therefore, a new approach of modeling has been presented which is comparatively less burdened compared with mathematical representations. Hence this musculoskeletal model can be used for FES control system development