Analysis of a Model for Generating Weakly Scale-free Networks

It is commonly believed that real networks are scale-free and fraction of nodes $P(k)$ with degree $k$ satisfies the power law $P(k) \propto k^{-\gamma} \text{ for } k > k_{min} > 0$. Preferential attachment is the mechanism that has been considered responsible for such organization of these networks. In many real networks, degree distribution before the $k_{min}$ varies very slowly to the extent of being uniform as compared with the degree distribution for $k > k_{min}$ . In this paper, we proposed a model that describe this particular degree distribution for the whole range of $k>0$. We adopt a two step approach. In the first step, at every time stamp we add a new node to the network and attach it with an existing node using preferential attachment method. In the second step, we add edges between existing pairs of nodes with the node selection based on the uniform probability distribution. Our approach generates weakly scale-free networks that closely follow the degree distribution of real-world networks. We perform comprehensive mathematical analysis of the model in the discrete domain and compare the degree distribution generated by these models with that of real-world networks.Comment: 16 Pages, 4 Figures, Pre-prin

Harmonic Scalpel Hemorrhoidectomy Vs Milligan-Morgan Hemorrhoidectomy

Background: To compare Harmonic Scalpel Hemorrhoidectomy (HSH) with classical Milligan Morgan Hemorrhoidectomy (MMH) in terms of operation time and post-operative pain to establish effectiveness of this novel procedure.Methods: A total of 62 patients planned for excision hemorrhoidecotmy were randomly selected into HSH and MMH groups. Mean operation time was calculated during surgery and pain at time of first defecation was recorded on visual analog scale (VAS).Results: Mean VAS after surgery at time of first defecation was 4.32 (SD 0.909) in HSH group and 6.97 (SD 1.426) in MMH group (p value <0.000). Mean Operation time in HSH group was 18.13 (SD 3.956) minutes and that of MMH group was 22.90 (SD 4.901) minutes (P value <0.000).Conclusion: Harmonic Scalpel Hemorrhoidectomy is better than Milligan Morgan hemorrhoidectom

Working Capital Management and Firm Performance: Evidence from Pakistan

Study analyzes the effect of the proper management of working capital on financial performance of cement sector in Pakistan. The sample period of the study is five years i-e from 2007 to 2011. The data was taken from dissimilar sources that used in this study from Karachi Stock Exchange, Published reports of SBP and respected firm site. The dependent variable of the study is Return on assets which is used as a proxy for firm financial performance.  There are independent variables are account receivable in days, inventory turnover in days, (CCC) and payable turnover in days. Panal Data methodology used to analyze the impact of Working Capital Management on performance or profitability of Cement sector. Results derived that CCC, Net Trading Cycle, Number of Days  Receivable has strongly positive relation with performance and these are significant whereas,  Number of Days Inventory turnover and Number of days payable turnover in Days have negative relation with firm performance and is insignificant. Keywords: Cash Conversion Cycle, Net Trade Cycle, Receivable Turnover in Days, Inventory Turnover in Days & Payable Turnover in Days

Manufacturing Sector Employment and Multidimensional Poverty in Pakistan: A Case Study of Punjab Province

Economic growth coupled with equitable distribution of income and low poverty levels are the prime objective of economists and policy makers Industrial sector has been the engine of growth in the process of growth and development of the developed economies of today Pakistan economy is the sixth largest economy of the world About 48 percent of population in Pakistan is living under multidimensional poverty The industrial sector of the Pakistan economy contributes about one-fifth of shares in the GDP It employs a large share of labor force So these facts provided the aspirations to explore the impact of manufacturing sector employment on multidimensional poverty in Pakistan Crosssectional data of 34 districts of Punjab province is used for the analysis Multidimensional poverty head count index is regressed on manufacturing sector employment healthcare and education service The standard OLS method is used to estimate the poverty equation The study confirms the poverty alleviating impact of manufacturing sector employment and human capital healthcare and education The estimated model qualifies the diagnostic specification error and stability tests The study also suggests some policy recommendations for the improvement of the human capital and manufacturing secto

Performance evaluation of road pavement green concrete : an application of advance decision-making approach before life cycle assessment

Rigid pavement structures are one of the costly components of the infrastructure development process. It consumes a huge quantity of ingredients necessary for concrete development. Hence, a newly introduced concept of circular economy in combination with waste management was introduced to solve this problem. In this study, three waste products (rice husk ash (RHA), wood sawdust (WSD), and processes waste tea (PWT)) was utilized to develop the concrete for rigid pavement structures by replacing the sand, i.e., a filler material at different percentages. During the testing procedure of compressive (CS), tensile (TS), and flexural strength (FS) properties, RHA and WSD at 5% replacement were found to be a good replacement of sand to develop required concrete. This study will help in the production of eco-friendly rigid pavement structures and a pathway of life cycle assessment in the future

Non-Compliance with COVID-19 Screening in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Objectives: To quantify the non-complaint portion of the general public – not wanting to be screened for COVID-19 and find the reason for this non-compliance, in the general public of Rawalpindi Pakistan. Study Design: Cross-sectional survey. Place and Duration of Study: General public of Rawalpindi, Pakistan. From June 19, 2020, to June 21, 2020. Methodology: A questionnaire was constructed based on a local study, it was injected to the accessible online population through Google Forms. Surveyors collected data from the illiterate population on printed proforma. A sample of 1108 was collected. IBM® SPSS® was used for data analysis. For categorical data, frequencies and percentages were calculated. A Chi-square test was applied for statistical significance. Results: 45.3% of participants were females, 54.7% were males. 37.9% of participants were married and 62.1% were unmarried. 3.8% were illiterate, 40.4% were matriculated and 47.1% had education higher than intermediate. 38.3% was non-compliant population – didn’t want to get screened for COVID-19. 30.7% were non-compliant because of ‘fear of isolation/ quarantine with other COVID-19 patients, leading to worsening of disease’ followed by 26.9% who ‘don’t trust the reliability of the test’. Gender and Education level variables were statistically significant in determining non-compliance. Marital status was found non-significant. Conclusion: A significant portion of the population i.e. 38.3% showed non-compliance with COVID-19 screening, which was statistically associated with gender and education level

Does Corporate Entrepreneurship matter for Organizational Learning Capability? A Study on Textile Sector in Pakistan

The paper aims to investigate the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and organizationallearning capability. A survey method was undertaken to collect data from 240 middle level managersworking in textile industry through convenience sampling method. Results indicate a positive andsignificant relationship between variables. Practical implications of the study are that if any organizationwhich tends to be more innovative and risk taking has the more learning capability. Furthermore,entrepreneurship training programs could lead to enhancing competences which are important forentrepreneurship.Key Words: Corporate entrepreneurship, Organizational Learning Capability, Textile Sector, Pakistan