Analisis Profitabilitas dan Efisiensi Budidaya Kopi di Ptp Nusantara IX (Persero) Kebun Getas Salatiga

This study was aimed to determine the amount of revenue and profit of coffee cultivation at PTP Nusantara IX (Persero) Getas Salatiga Plantation, to identify the profitability of coffee cultivation at PTP Nusantara IX (Persero) Getas Salatiga Plantation, and to determine the efficiency of coffee cultivation at PTP Nusantara IX (Persero) Getas Salatiga Plantation. The basic method used in this study was descriptive, analytical method. The research location was determined purposively. The type of data in this study was secondary data. Methods of data analysis used were analyses of total cost, revenue, profit, profitability and efficiency of coffee cultivation. The results of analysis showed that the average total cost of coffee cultivation at PTP Nusantara IX (Persero) Getas Salatiga Plantation was IDR 5.879.062.630,00. The average of revenue obtained was IDR 5.879.076.254,00, so that the average of profit obtained by PTP Nusantara IX (Persero) Getas Salatiga Plantation was IDR 13.624,00. Profitability of coffee cultivation at PTP Nusantara IX (Persero) Getas Salatiga Plantation was IDR 54.495,00 which means that the coffee cultivation was profitable. Coffee cultivation at PTP Nusantara IX (Persero) Getas Salatiga Plantation has more than efficiency value more than one, that is, 1,000002. This means that each IDR 1.00 cost spent in the initial cultivation will provide revenue by 1,000002 times of the cost spent. Keywords: Coffee, Profitability, Efficienc

Analisis Pelaksanaan Strategi Distribusi Fisik Produk Handphone Smartfren

In an economy that has been advanced, the manufacturers do not sell their products directly to the end user. Many options can be used to distribute goods and also to the buyer. A company may distribute goods directly to consumers though is quite large, while other companies distribute their products through intermediaries. And not a few companies that use some combination of distribution channels to reach different market segments .A competition for the company can be an opportunity to develop the companys business and can be a threat to the company. Therefore, the management company is required to always be responsive in adapting to environmental changes that continue to occur and have an influence on economic enterprise. The company should have a strategy to excel in the market. This research was conducted at PT. Prima Sejahtera Barelang Pekanbaru located at HR.Soebrantas No. 89. This study aims to determine the distribution strategy undertaken by PT. Prima Sejahtera Barelang Pekanbaru to increase sales volume.Keywords: Distribution, Strategy, Sales, Management, Marketin

Abundance of Pollinator Insect (Forcipomyia Spp .) of Cocoa Under Some Shade Trees

Cocoa production is affected by cocoa flowering and fruiting. The factor affects fruit seeting is pollinator agent such as Forcipomyia spp. Until now, information concerning population dynamics of Forcipomyia in some models of cocoa shading trees remains limited. This research was studied to observe the population dynamics of Forcipomyia spp. in some models of cocoa shading trees, namely lamtoro (Leucaena sp.), krete (Cassia surithensis) and areca nut (Areca catechu) in two main season of rainy and dry seasons. The research was conducted in Kaliwining research station of Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI), Jember, by surveying the existing cocoa under different types of shading trees as mentioned above. The insects were observed using modified sticky trap method, whilst micro climate condition was also observed. The highest population was in January (rainy season) under Leucaena spp. shade tress and the lowest population was in October under all type of the shading trees. There was no relationship between microclimate condition under cocoa trees (temperature, RH and light intensity) and Forcipomyia spp. population (r = 0.08 and 0.04)

Morfologi Usus Ayam Broiler yang Disuplementasi dengan Probiotik Strain Tunggal dan Campuran

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui morfologi usus ayam broiler yang disuplementasi probiotik strain tunggal dan probiotik campuran. Ransum ayam berbasis jagung, bungkil kedelai yang bebas antibiotika disusun sesuai dengan standar kebutuhan ayam broiler, digunakan sebagai pakan dasar pada perlakuan kontrol (Po). Untuk keempat kel- ompok perlakuan lainnya juga digunakan pakan dasar tersebut dengan suplementasi 3 strain probiotik berturut-turut Lactobacillus murinus, Ar3 (P1), Streptococcus thermophillus, Kp2 (P2), Pediococcus acidilactici, Kd6 (P3), dan probiotik campuran dari ketiga strain tersebut (P4) masing-masing dengan konsentrasi 108 sel bakteri/ml. Suplemen- tasi probiotik tersebut melalui tetes mulut 1 ml/ekor/hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi probiotik dengan strain tunggal maupun campuran meningkatkan tinggi vili pada duodenum, jejunum, dan ileum. Lebar vili pada duodenum, jejunum, dan ileum memiliki pola yang sama, dipengaruhi oleh suplementasi probiotik strain tunggal dan campuran. Tetapi kedalaman crypta jejunum secara statistik tidak berbeda nyata meskipun pada duodenum dan ileum berbeda secara signifikan (P<0,05)

Aplikasi Peta Kendali P sebagai Pengendalian Kualitas Karet di PTPN IX Batujamus/Kerjoarum

The increasing of global rubber consumption is an opportunity as well as a challenge for Indonesian rubber produsers to increase the quantity and the quality of production. Faced the competition between countries, the quality of rubber products should be enhanced adapted to consumer demand. This study aims to determine whether the quality of the rubber produced in PTPN IX (Persero) Garden Batujamus/Kerjoarum still within the control or not. This study uses time series data, in the form of rubber production data during March 2012 - February 201, that were analyzed descriptively using Control p Chart Analysis. Control p Chart describe the proportion of production damage that can be tolerated as a tool for statistical Control p Chart Application as Quality Control Tools for Rubber Production in PTPN IX Batujamus/Kerjoarum process control. This study shows that the quality of the rubber produced by PTPN IX (Persero) Garden Batujamus/ Kerjoarum is out of the control. The Control p Chart proves that there are still many points that are outside the production control line. The production domination of the third RSS type (RSS 3) cause this problem, so that the profit and the efficiency of the company can be increased if the RSS 3 product can be controlled and be changed with the production of RSS 1

The Major Problems of English Teachers in Implemnting Scientific Method

The purpose of this research was to describe what the major problems are faced by English teachers in implementing scientific method in their classrooms. The method used was case study. The participants of this research were three English teachers of SMAN 3 Pontianak. The writer used questionnaire, class observation, and interview to collect the data. The result showed that the teachers faced problems in implementing scientific method with the average of the implementation was only 64,8% was able be implemented. The most problematic stage was in questioning which was only 60% implemented. Moreover, experimenting stage was only 63% implemented. Another stage with the same percentage of implementation, networking stage which was only 63% can be implemented. Furthermore, in observing stage it was only 67%. Associating stage was the highest stage that can be implemented by the teachers with the percentage was only 70%. In conclusion, the major problem in implementing scientific method for English teachers was in questioning stage

Diversity of Oribatids (Acari) at Different Land Use Types in Mentebah, Kapuas Hulu, West Kalimantan

Kalimantan forests are mostly managed by human. Deforestation will affect the ecosystem and species inside. Oribatids are the most abundant soil mesofauna. They have an important role in decomposition of organic matter in the soil. Here, we investigated the effect of six different land use types (i.e. primary forest, secondary forest, jungle rubber, slash and burn, young fallow and old fallow) and evaluated the effect of environmental factors on the abundance and diversity of oribatids. The oribatids were collected using transect method along 100 m with 10 sampling points with the soil depth of 0-5 cm. Oribatids were extracted using Berlese Funnel Heat Extractor. Identification of oribatids was done to family level and diversity index was determined according to Shannon's diversity index. As much as 36 families of oribatids were recorded from the site at Mentebah, Kapuas Hulu. Oribatids in the jungle rubber showed the highest abundance (592.5 individuals/m2), followed by secondary forest (317.5 individuals/m2), primary forest (287.5 individuals/m2), slash and burn (195 individuals/m2), young fallow (157.5 individuals/m2) and old fallow (142.5 individuals/m2). The value of diversity index according to Shannon Wiener (H') ranged between 1.71-2.64 or categorized as moderate diversity values. The results of the research showed that there were strong coefficient correlation values of some families of oribatids with soil pH, C-organic, N total, C/N ratio, water content and soil temperatur

Reduksi Aflatoksin B (AFB ) dengan Perebusan dalam Larutan Kapur pada Pembuatan Enting-Enting

Aflatoksin merupakan toksin yang dihasilkan oleh Aspergillus flavus dan Aspergillus parasiticus yang banyak terda-pat pada biji-bijan seperti kacang tanah dan produknya. Enting-enting merupakan salah satu produk makanan yang berbasis kacang tanah. Berdasarkan hasil survei enting-enting memiliki kandungan aflatoksin B (AFB ) cukup tinggi 11diatas yang diperbolehkan badan POM (20 ppb) yaitu 144 ppb. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mempelajari penu-runan aflatoksin pada pengolahan enting-enting yang dimodifikasi proses pembuatannya dengan penggunaan larutankapur (0 %; 0,5 %; 1,5 % dan 2,5 %) yang dikombinasi dengan lama perebusan (0, 10, 15, dan 20 menit) dengan tujuan untuk mereduksi cemaran AFB pada bahan dasar dan mengidentifikasi reduksi AFB pada setiap tahapan pengolahan yang berpotensi menurunkan cemaran AFB . Kacang tanah yang digunakan untuk pengolahan enting-enting pada penelitian ini terlebih dahulu dicemari dengan Aspergillis flavus FNCC 6109. Kadar aflatoksin diukurdengan menggunakan metode ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwamodifikasi pengolahan enting-enting dengan penggunaan kapur konsentrasi 0,5 % dikombinasikan dengan lama perebusan 20 menit pada perebusan larutan kapur mampu mereduksi AFB 47,8 % diikuti dengan penyangraian 41,4% 1dan penghilangan kulit ari 17,07 %, dengan total penurunan 73,96 % dan tetap mempertahankan cita rasa

Kajian Proporsi Sari Nanas dan Konsentrasi Starter terhadap Aktivitas Antibakteri Kefir Nanas

This research uses Queen pineapple varieties juice because it have a high sugar content and contains antibacterial compounds such as phenol, chlorine, and iodine. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of different proportions of pineapple juice and starter concentrations to the antibacterial activity of pineapple kefir. The experimental design that will be use is a Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors that are proportion of pineapple juice (N0= fruit juice; N1= 1:1, and N2= 1:2) and the concentration of starter (1% v/v and 10% v/v). Each treatment will be repeated 4 times. The main parameter that will be analyzed is the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 with diffusion wells method. The parameters that will be analyzed as a supporting data are pH, total acid, total yeast and BAL. Obtained data will be analyzed statistically by ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) at α = 5 % and continued with DMRT (Duncan\u27s Multiple Range Test) to determine which level of treatment that gives significant differences. The proportion of pineapple juice had significant effect on the antibacterial activity of pineapple kefir, beside starter concentration had not significant effect on the antibacterial activity of pineapple kefir and the interactions between the two factors had not significant effect on the antibacterial activity of pineapple kefir with bacterial test Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923