Salmon farming in the North: How do we regulate growth?

Source at https://framsenteret.no/fram-forum/Aquaculture has become a major part of global food production, and according to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, it is now the fastest growing animal food-producing industry. In the North, further growth in salmon farming is expected. What mechanisms are in place to regulate this growth

Yellow Mealworm and Black Soldier Fly Larvae for Feed and Food Production in Europe, with Emphasis on Iceland

Insects are part of the diet of over 2 billion people worldwide; however, insects have not been popular in Europe, neither as food nor as a feed ingredient. This has been changing in recent years, due to increased knowledge regarding the nutritional benefits, the need for novel protein production and the low environmental impact of insects compared to conventional protein production. The purpose of this study is to give an overview of the most popular insects farmed in Europe, yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor, and black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens, together with the main obstacles and risks. A comprehensive literature study was carried out and 27 insect farming companies found listed in Europe were contacted directly. The results show that the insect farming industry is increasing in Europe, and the success of the frontrunners is based on large investments in technology, automation and economy of scale. The interest of venture capital firms is noticeable, covering 90% of the investment costs in some cases. It is concluded that insect farming in Europe is likely to expand rapidly in the coming years, offering new proteins and other valuable products, not only as a feed ingredient, but also for human consumption. European regulations have additionally been rapidly changing, with more freedom towards insects as food and feed. There is an increased knowledge regarding safety concerns of edible insects, and the results indicate that edible insects pose a smaller risk for zoonotic diseases than livestock. However, knowledge regarding risk posed by edible insects is still lacking, but food and feed safety is essential to put products on the European market

Salmon farming in the North: How do we regulate growth?

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Lakseoppdrett i nord – regulering av samfunnsmessige og miljømessige konsekvenser

Salmon farming is a rapidly growing industry in the North and its sustainable development depends on adequate governance. We have assessed the governance systems for salmon farming in four northern countries, Canada, the Faroe Islands, Iceland, and Norway. In all the countries, the industry is marked by controversies, linked to the environmental and societal impacts of its activities. The question raised is how the authorities address these challenges - what instruments are deployed to achieve a sustainable salmon industry? We have identified both commonalities and differences. The farming of salmon is to a large extent organized in similar ways, with net-pens in the ocean as the dominant production form. In general, the regulations pertaining to the industry have a lot in common. All countries require a license to produce, there are environmental monitoring regimes in place, and the producers are required to report on the same parameters, such as biomass, sea lice counts, disease management, and a range of other statistics. A major difference is the polycentric character of the governance systems in Canada and partly Norway. Still, despite differences in production volume and contextual factors, we see that fairly similar regulatory toolboxes are used to control aquaculture activities.Lakseoppdrett er en næring i vekst i nord. En bærekraftig utvikling av næringen er avhengig av en forvaltning som ivaretar både miljømessig og samfunnsmessige hensyn. Rapporten gir en analyse av fire lands forvaltning av næringen, Canada, Færøyene, Island og Norge. Tross store forskjeller i produksjonsvolum, er utfordringene i stor grad de samme. Forvaltningsverktøyene som benyttes er i hovedsak like, men med noen særegne tilpasninger. Blant annet har landene noe ulik tilnærming til områdeforvaltning og regulering av vekst. Den største forskjellen er likevel den polysentriske innretningen på forvaltningssystemet i Canadas føderale system og kommunenes planmyndighet i Norge.publishedVersio

Salmon farming in the North – Regulating societal and environmental impacts

Salmon farming is a rapidly growing industry in the North and its sustainable development depends on adequate governance. We have assessed the governance systems for salmon farming in four northern countries, Canada, the Faroe Islands, Iceland, and Norway. In all the countries, the industry is marked by controversies, linked to the environmental and societal impacts of its activities. The question raised is how the authorities address these challenges - what instruments are deployed to achieve a sustainable salmon industry? We have identified both commonalities and differences. The farming of salmon is to a large extent organized in similar ways, with net-pens in the ocean as the dominant production form. In general, the regulations pertaining to the industry have a lot in common. All countries require a license to produce, there are environmental monitoring regimes in place, and the producers are required to report on the same parameters, such as biomass, sea lice counts, disease management, and a range of other statistics. A major difference is the polycentric character of the governance systems in Canada and partly Norway. Still, despite differences in production volume and contextual factors, we see that fairly similar regulatory toolboxes are used to control aquaculture activities