Les osteomes sinusiens a extension orbitaire a propos de trois cas

Introduction : L’ostéome des sinus paranasaux est une tumeur bénigne rare, dévolution lente et qui peut être responsable de complications ophtalmologiques, sinusiennes et endocrâniennes. Son traitement lorsqu’il s’impose, n’est que chirurgical.Observations : Nous rapportons les observations médicales de trois patients opérés dans le service d’ORL et de chirurgie cervico-faciale de l’hôpital 20 aout de Casablanca pour des ostéomes sinusiens a extension orbitaire. L’origine de l’ostéome était frontale dans 1 cas et ethmoïdal dans 2 cas. La tumeur était le plus souvent révélée par une exophtalmie d’apparition progressive associée ou non a des céphalées L’indication opératoire a été posée chez les trois malades. La voie d’abord a été transfaciale dans deux cas et bicoronale dans un cas. L’évolution a été favorable chez tous les patients.Conclusion : : l’ostéome sinusien est une néoformation osseuse bénigne dont le traitement est chirurgical dans les formes symptomatiques. La voie d’abord dépend de la localisation tumorale.Mots clés : Ostéome, Sinus paranasaux, Extension orbitaire, Traitement.Objective : The osteoma of paranasal sinuses is a rare benign tumour, slow devolution and which may be responsible for ocular, intracranial and sinus complications. The treatment when it is required, is that surgical.Case report : We report the medical observations of three patients operated in the ENT service and cervical-facial surgery in the Hospital 20 August of Casablanca for sinus osteomas with orbital extension. The origin of the osteoma was frontal in one case, ethmoid in two cases. The tumor was most often revealed by a gradual exophthalmia associated or not with headache. The operative indication has been raised in three patients. The incision was transfacial in two cases and bicoronale in one case. The evolution was favorable in all patients.Conclusion: the sinus osteomas is a benign bone neoformation with surgical treatment in symptomatic forms. The surgical approach depends on tumor location.Keyswords : Osteoma, Paranasal sinuses, Orbital Extension, Treatment

Semi-autonomous vehicles as a cognitive assistive device for older adults

Losing the capacity to drive due to age-related cognitive decline can have a detrimental impact on the daily life functioning of older adults living alone and in remote areas. Semi-autonomous vehicles (SAVs) could have the potential to preserve driving independence of this population with high health needs. This paper explores if SAVs could be used as a cognitive assistive device for older aging drivers with cognitive challenges. We illustrate the impact of age-related changes of cognitive functions on driving capacity. Furthermore, following an overview on the current state of SAVs, we propose a model for connecting cognitive health needs of older drivers to SAVs. The model demonstrates the connections between cognitive changes experienced by aging drivers, their impact on actual driving, car sensors' features, and vehicle automation. Finally, we present challenges that should be considered when using the constantly changing smart vehicle technology, adapting it to aging drivers and vice versa. This paper sheds light on age-related cognitive characteristics that should be considered when developing future SAVs manufacturing policies which may potentially help decrease the impact of cognitive change on older adult drivers

Numerical investigation of fluid flow and heat transfer around a circular cylinder utilizing nanofluid for different thermal boundary condition in the steady regime

In this work, steady flow-field and heat transfer through a copper–water nanofluid around a circular cylinder, under the influence of both the standard thermal boundary conditions i.e. uniform heat flux (UHF) and constant wall temperature (CWT) was investigated numerically by using a finite-volume method for Reynolds numbers of 10 to 40. Furthermore, the range of nanoparticle volume fractions (φ) considered is 0 ≤ φ ≤ 5%. The variation of the local and the average Nusselt numbers with Reynolds number, and volume fractions are presented for the range of conditions. The average Nusselt number is found to increase with increasing the nanoparticle volume fractions

Novel Coronavirus Cough Database: NoCoCoDa

The current pandemic associated with the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) presents a new area of research with its own set of challenges. Creating unobtrusive remote monitoring tools for medical professionals that may aid in diagnosis, monitoring and contact tracing could lead to more efficient and accurate treatments, especially in this time of physical distancing. Audio based sensing methods can address this by measuring the frequency, severity and characteristics of the COVID-19 cough. However, the feasibility of accumulating coughs directly from patients is low in the short term. This article introduces a novel database (NoCoCoDa), which contains COVID-19 cough events obtained through public media intervi

An ordinary differential equation for velocity distribution and dip-phenomenon in open channel flows

An ordinary differential equation for velocity distribution in open channel flows is presented based on an analysis of the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations and a log-wake modified eddy viscosity distribution. This proposed equation allows to predict the velocity-dip-phenomenon, i.e. the maximum velocity below the free surface. Two different degrees of approximations are presented, a semi-analytical solution of the proposed ordinary differential equation, i.e. the full dip-modified-log-wake law and a simple dip-modified-log-wake law. Velocity profiles of the two laws and the numerical solution of the ordinary differential equation are compared with experimental data. This study shows that the dip correction is not efficient for a small Coles' parameter, accurate predictions require larger values. The simple dip-modified-log-wake law shows reasonable agreement and seems to be an interesting tool of intermediate accuracy. The full dip-modified-log-wake law, with a parameter for dip-correction obtained from an estimation of dip positions, provides accurate velocity profiles

Using web and mobile phone technologies to collect food market prices in Africa. Approaching real-time data and use of crowdsourcing, 2013 - 2016

Large agricultural commodity price swings observed in recent years have made the importance of accessible, timely, accurate and frequently updated price data more obvious. This study investigates the potential of innovative web and mobile phone technologies and alternative data collection methods such as crowdsourcing in order to collect food price data in Africa. The report summarises these experiences through the lessons learned and provides a detailed overview and assessment of different aspects of the collected data that can be of help for the success of future food price collection exercises.JRC.D.4-Economics of Agricultur

Breakthroughs in Medicinal Chemistry: New targets and mechanisms, new drugs, new hopes

The Editorial Board of the Medicinal Chemistry section of the journal Molecules publishes here its first Editorial, which has been prepared by highlighting, in sub-editorials of about one hundred words, some selected recently published articles that may have a profound impact on drug discovery and therapy. In particular, this editorial highlights new drug targets and mechanisms of action and new classes of drugs, as well as new therapeutic uses for known drugs or the involvement of known biological targets in new diseases. We also discuss some structural biology studies and new computational tools that may pave the way for the rational design or identification of more efficacious and safer drugs. Overall, the findings reported in these highlighted papers raise our hopes for the management of difficult-to-treat diseases that are posing a growing health threat, with new or repurposed drugs that overcome the limitations of currently applied therapies

Soil Bacteria Isolated From Tunisian Arid Areas Show Promising Antimicrobial Activities Against Gram-Negatives

Arid regions show relatively fewer species in comparison to better-watered biomes, but the competition for the few nutrients is very distinct. Here, in total 373 bacterial strains were isolated from rhizospheric soils obtained from three different sampling sites in Tunisia. Their potential for the production of antimicrobial compounds was evaluated. Bacterial strains, showing antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria, were isolated from all three sites, one strain from the Bou-Hedma national park, 15 strains from Chott-Djerid, and 13 strains from Matmata, respectively. The dominant genus was Bacillus, with 27 out of 29 strains. Most interestingly, 93% of the isolates showed activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative test bacteria. Strain Bacillus sp. M21, harboring high inhibitory potential, even against clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacteria, was analyzed in detail to enable purification and identification of the bioactive compound responsible for its bioactivity. Subsequent HPLC-MS and NMR analyses resulted in the identification of 1-acetyl-β-carboline as active component. Furthermore, fungicides of the bacillomycin and fengycin group, which in addition show antibiotic effects, were identified. This work highlights the high potential of the arid-adapted strains for the biosynthesis of specialized metabolites and suggest further investigation of extreme environments, since they constitute a promising bioresource of biologically active compounds