Incidence Of Injury And Illness In Merchant Seafarers

This retrospective study estimates cumulative incidences of injury and illness in a seafarer cohort using data from one company providing remote medical services and claims auditing for seafarers. There were 3,526 medical events and 16,626 individual medical services in the merchant seafarers covered by these services between 2008 and 2012. The majority of medical events occurred in men, numbering 3,099 (97.5%); median age was 38.9 years (range: 18-80). The total at-risk seafarer population was estimated by utilizing standard crew size for each class of vessel, and this was used to calculate cumulative incidence for injury and illness. The four-year overall cumulative incidence rate (per 100 seafarers) for injuries and illness was equal at 8.5. Cumulative incidence for subcategories of illness was determined. The most significant limitation of this study is that the true at-risk population and demographic distribution of this population are unknown. Important next steps in this research include refining the estimated number of at-risk seafarers, obtaining baseline demographic information for seafarers in this cohort, and understanding other potential risk factors

A consensus statement on detection of hippocampal sharp wave ripples and differentiation from other fast oscillations

Article suggests that common standards for recording, detection, and reporting for intracranial recordings in humans that suggest their role in episodic and semantic memory does not exist. Authors of the article outline the methodological challenges involved in detecting ripple events and offer practical recommendations to improve separation from other high-frequency oscillations, and argue that shared experimental, detection, and reporting standards will provide a solid foundation for future translational discovery

Solid, ductile and liquid: the changing role of homeland and home in diaspora studies

The full-text of this book chapter is not available in ORA. Citation: Cohen, R. (2009) Solid, ductile and liquid: the changing role of homeland and home in diaspora studies. In: Ben-Rafael, E. & Sternberg, Y. (eds.) Transnationalism: diasporas and the advent of a new (dis)order. Leiden: Brill, pp. 117-13

Colloidal systems for crystallization processes from liquid phase

Colloidal systems are involved in crystallization processes in many different ways: on one hand, colloids may be used as controlling or structure-directing agents, as nanoreactors and as scaffolds and templates for crystallization. On the other hand, it is very often desirable to obtain colloidal particles in a crystalline or nanocrystalline state. In this highlight, we cover the challenges and the recent advances on the following topics: (i) the use of polymer colloids as additives for crystallization due to their ability to control nucleation and growth and even to promote enantiomer resolution by enantioselective crystallization; (ii) state of the art in the preparation of inorganic crystalline colloids; and (iii) the application of colloidal systems (i.e., colloidal particles, droplets, micelles and vesicles) as supports, templates and nanoreactors for inorganic crystallization

Do Workers Enjoy Procedural Utility?

People are likely to obtain utility not only from actual outcomes, but also from the conditions which lead to these outcomes. This paper empirically tests the notion of procedural utility for the context of work relationships. Using a large survey among British workers, we find substantial procedural effects on the utility workers derive from their pay. Utility from pay is not only strongly influenced by economic outcomes (the pay levels workers get for given inputs), but also by the way pay is determined. The findings are robust to a series of alternative explanations

Comparative genomics of Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and Phanerochaete chrysosporium provide insight into selective ligninolysis

Efficient lignin depolymerization is unique to the wood decay basidiomycetes, collectively referred to as white rot fungi. Phanerochaete chrysosporium simultaneously degrades lignin and cellulose, whereas the closely related species, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora, also depolymerizes lignin but may do so with relatively little cellulose degradation. To investigate the basis for selective ligninolysis, we conducted comparative genome analysis of C. subvermispora and P. chrysosporium. Genes encoding manganese peroxidase numbered 13 and five in C. subvermispora and P. chrysosporium, respectively. In addition, the C. subvermispora genome contains at least seven genes predicted to encode laccases, whereas the P. chrysosporium genome contains none. We also observed expansion of the number of C. subvermispora desaturase-encoding genes putatively involved in lipid metabolism. Microarray-based transcriptome analysis showed substantial up-regulation of several desaturase and MnP genes in wood-containing medium. MS identified MnP proteins in C. subvermispora culture filtrates, but none in P. chrysosporium cultures. These results support the importance of MnP and a lignin degradation mechanism whereby cleavage of the dominant nonphenolic structures is mediated by lipid peroxidation products. Two C. subvermispora genes were predicted to encode peroxidases structurally similar to P. chrysosporium lignin peroxidase and, following heterologous expression in Escherichia coli, the enzymes were shown to oxidize high redox potential substrates, but not Mn2. Apart from oxidative lignin degradation, we also examined cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic systems in both fungi. In summary, the C. subvermispora genetic inventory and expression patterns exhibit increased oxidoreductase potential and diminished cellulolytic capability relative to P. chrysosporium