The search for transient astrophysical neutrino emission with IceCube-DeepCore

We present the results of a search for astrophysical sources of brief transient neutrino emission using IceCube and DeepCore data acquired between 2012 May 15 and 2013 April 30. While the search methods employed in this analysis are similar to those used in previous IceCube point source searches, the data set being examined consists of a sample of predominantly sub-TeV muon-neutrinos from the Northern Sky (-5 degrees < delta < 90 degrees) obtained through a novel event selection method. This search represents a first attempt by IceCube to identify astrophysical neutrino sources in this relatively unexplored energy range. The reconstructed direction and time of arrival of neutrino events are used to search for any significant self-correlation in the data set. The data revealed no significant source of transient neutrino emission. This result has been used to construct limits at timescales ranging from roughly 1 s to 10 days for generic soft-spectra transients. We also present limits on a specific model of neutrino emission from soft jets in core-collapse supernovae

Working Group Report on the Structure of the Proton

We summarize the developments on the structure of the proton that were studied at the Workshop on "HERA Physics" that was held in Durham in September 1995. We survey the latest structure function data; we overview the QCD interpretations of the measurements of the structure functions and of final state processes; we discuss charm production and the spin properties of the proton.Comment: 45 pages, latex file using epsfig and ioplppt macros. Figures included, but full resolution figure files and postscript file of the whole paper are available via anonymous ftp at ftp://cpt1.dur.ac.uk/pub/preprints/dtp96/dtp962

On the potential for abrupt Arctic winter sea-ice loss

The authors examine the transition from a seasonally ice-covered Arctic to an Arctic Ocean that is sea ice free all year round under increasing atmospheric CO2 levels. It is shown that in comprehensive climate models, such loss of Arctic winter sea ice area is faster than the preceding loss of summer sea ice area for the same rate of warming. In two of the models, several million square kilometers of winter sea ice are lost within only one decade. It is shown that neither surface albedo nor cloud feedbacks can explain the rapid winter ice loss in the climate model MPI-ESM by suppressing both feedbacks in the model. The authors argue that the large sensitivity of winter sea ice area in the models is caused by the asymmetry between melting and freezing: an ice-free summer requires the complete melt of even the thickest sea ice, which is why the perennial ice coverage decreases only gradually as more and more of the thinner ice melts away. In winter, however, sea ice areal coverage remains high as long as sea ice still forms, and then drops to zero wherever the ocean warms sufficiently to no longer form ice during winter. The loss of basinwide Arctic winter sea ice area, however, is still gradual in most models since the threshold mechanism proposed here is reversible and not associated with the existence of multiple steady states. As this occurs in every model analyzed here and is independent of any specific parameterization, it is likely to be relevant in the real world

Stabilizing mandibular complete dentures by a single midline implant-influence on quality of life: 2-year results from a randomized clinical trial comparing different loading protocols.

OBJECTIVES The knowledge about the influence of dental treatment on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is still limited. The aim of this multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial was to assess the effect of stabilizing an existing complete denture, by means of a single mandibular implant, on HRQoL. Furthermore, the impact of the loading protocol, i.e., immediate or delayed loading, in edentulous patients was evaluated. METHODS One hundred fifty-eight participants aged 60-89 years were randomly assigned to study group A (immediate loading; n = 81) and to group B (delayed loading; n = 78). All participants received a single midline implant in the mandible. The implants were either immediately loaded (group A) or after a closed healing period of 3 months (group B) by connecting the existing mandibular complete dentures to ball attachments. HRQoL was assessed with the Short Form-36 questionnaire of health (SF-36) at baseline, 4 months, and 24 months after implant loading. RESULTS Improvement of HRQoL by means of a single implant-retained mandibular overdenture could not be demonstrated after 4 and 24 months of implant loading. Furthermore, the application of two different loading protocols did not influence HRQoL ratings of study participants. CONCLUSION The loading protocol is not a factor, influencing HRQoL in patients treated by a single midline implant in the edentulous mandible. CLINICAL RELEVANCE A single midline implant in the edentulous mandible, stabilizing a mandibular complete denture, cannot be recommended for improving HRQoL

Besteht ein Zusammenhang zwischen der peripheren arteriellen Verschlusskrankheit und Parodontitis?

&lt;jats:title&gt;Zusammenfassung&lt;/jats:title&gt;&lt;jats:p&gt;Die periphere arterielle Verschlusskrankheit (PAVK) ist die häufigste Durchblutungsstörung peripherer Gefäße. Die PAVK wird durch Risikofaktoren und Komorbiditäten, wie zum Beispiel Rauchen, Bluthochdruck, Dyslipidämie, Diabetes und chronische Niereninsuffizienz begünstigt. Epidemiologische Studien weisen allerdings auch darauf hin, dass zusätzlich die Parodontitis (PA) das Risiko für eine PAVK erhöhen kann. Die PA ist eine häufige, durch bakteriellen Biofilm ausgelöste, chronische Entzündung des Zahnhalteapparates. Parodontitis wird durch mangelhafte Mundhygiene, Rauchen und Diabetes begünstigt und die Prävalenz steigt mit dem Alter an. Beide Erkrankungen bzw. deren Symptome sind therapierbar, wenn die Behandlung frühzeitig einsetzt. Deshalb ist die Früherkennung besonders wichtig. Obwohl der Nachweis einer kausalen Rolle der PA für die Entstehung der PAVK noch aussteht, unterstützen die in diesem Artikel zusammengefassten Daten den Vorschlag einer interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit zwischen Gefäß- und Zahnmedizinern. Es kann in der gefäßmedizinischen Praxis erwogen werden, PAVK-Patienten, unabhängig vom Stadium ihrer Erkrankung, zwecks Diagnose und Behandlung einer PA an Zahnärzt*innen zu verweisen. Umgekehrt sollten auch Zahnärzt*innen erwägen, Patienten, die an einer schweren Form der PA leiden, an Gefäßmediziner zu verweisen.&lt;/jats:p&gt

New results from HERA on deep inelastic scattering at low x, the proton structure function, jets in photoproduction, heavy flavour production and searches for new particles

We present new results on the proton structure function F_2 for values of x_B_j down to 10&quot;-&quot;4. The results are based on data taken in 1993 by the H1 experiment at HERA. From a leading order QCD analysis of the structure function information on the gluon content in the proton is obtained. Studies on exclusive final states at low x_B_j havve been performed. The results demonstrate that in future these studies can help to decide whether DGLAP - or BFKL-dynamics are to be used in the present small x_B_j regime. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: RA 2999(94-187) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

H1 contributions to the workshop on deep inelastic scattering and QCD, Paris'95

The following topics were dealt with: Forward jets in deep inelastic scattering at HERA, diffractive interactions, rapidity gap events at HERA and the structure of the pomeron, new results on the proton structure function from H1, extraction of the gluon density at low-x from F_2 proton dataAvailable from TIB Hannover: RA 2999(95-152) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

A study of the polarized structure function g&quot;p_1(x,Q&quot;2) and the polarized gluon distribution #DELTA#g(x,Q&quot;2) at HERA

We present estimates of possible data on spin-dependent asymmetries in inclusive scattering of high energy polarized electrons by high energy polarized protons at HERA with their statistical errors and discuss systematic errors. We show that these data will provide important information on the low-x behavior of the polarized structure function g_1, and will reduce the uncertainty in the determination of the first moment of the polarized gluon distribution #DELTA#g(x,Q&quot;2) obtained from the QCD analysis of g_1 in NLO. Furthermore, using asymmetries for di-jet events from a polarized HERA would substantially reduce the uncertainty in the shape of #DELTA#g(x,Q&quot;2). Using the information on #DELTA#g(x,Q&quot;2) from the di-jet analysis in conjunction with the NLO QCD analysis of g_1 will provide an accurate determination of #DELTA#g(x,Q&quot;2) and its first moment. (orig.)49 refs.Available from TIB Hannover: RA 2999(97-249) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman