A simple approach to the chaos-order contributions in nuclear spectra

The simple one-parameter nearest neighbor-spacing distribution (NNSD) is suggested for statistical analysis of nuclear spectra. This distribution is derived within the Wigner-Dyson approach in the linear approximation for the level repulsion density of quantum states. The obtained NNSD gives the individual information on the Wigner and Poisson contributions in agreement with that of the statistical experimental distributions of collective states in deformed nuclei. Using this NNSD, one finds that the symmetry breaking due to the fixing of projections of the angular momentum of collective states enhances a chaos as a shift of the NNSD from the Poisson to Wigner distribution behavior.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1711.0184

Broadband SHF Direction-Finder

The original design of the compact broadband direction-finder is presented in this paper. The cylindrical monopole antenna serves as a primary source of the reflector- type antenna. \"Zero-amplitude\" technique is used for bearing the SHF sources. The model experiments with the proposed direction-finder prototype in the frequency band 6 GHz – 11 GHz have been carried out

Results of the method of transanal Haemorrhoid dearterialization for treatment

Purpose: Hemorrhoidal disease is a polyetiologic disorder at active age. Recently, the methods of hemorrhoidal artery ligation (HAL) and transanal hemorrhoid dearterialization (THD) were introduced. The aim of the present study was to analyze the initial results from THD treatment of hemorrhoidal disease.Material and methods: The study covered 26 patients, 14 males and 12 females, at a mean age of 46 years, with hemorrhoidal disease. Physical examinations, rectal examination and colonoscopy were preoperatively performed. THD was done of 6 arteries along with mucoplication of the distal rectalmucosa.Results: There were no early postoperative complications requiring surgery. Patients` complaints were dominated by low to medium pain not requiring any narcotic analgesics. One patient reported bleeding and pain necessitating re-hospitalization on the 11th day and conservative treatment without blood transfusion. Five patients reported mild pain complaints and 7 ones complained of discomfort in the anal area until the end of the second week. In two patients a residual mucous prolapse up to the 6th month without other symptoms was found out.Conclusion: THD is an effective and minimally invasive method after which application mild to moderate pain and good patient`s comfort are reported. The relative share of the intra- and postoperative complications is low

Tactical decisions in the operative treatment of advanced and urgent cases of colorectal cancer

The authors reviewed retrospectively the patients treated in the Clinic of Surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC) during a five-year period (2008-2012). The main purpose was to consider the different tactical decisions for operative treatment in complicated, advanced and urgent cases. There were a total of 706 operated patients who were analyzed according to their age, gender, stage of disease, planned and urgent operative interventions, presence of concomitant diseases, performed operative procedures and mortality rate. The principles of assessment of every different case and those for making decisions for operative tactics and kind of intervention were described. The performed different operations in complicated, advanced and urgent patients were analyzed, too. Conclusions concerning the obtained results and their comparison with literature data available as well as concerning the benefits of differentiated tactical approach to every individual case with CRC were drawn

Proximal protective stoma by low anterior resection of the rectum - When? How? How long?

There is an evolution in the diagnostic algorithm of rectal cancer. In this condition preoperative investigations assist in deciding the optimal treatment. The relation of the tumor edge to the circumferential margin (CRM) is an important factor in deciding the need for neoadjuvant treatment and determines the prognosis. Those with threatened or involved margins are offered long course chemoradiation to enable R0 surgical resection. Endoanal ultrasound (EUS) is useful for tumor (T) staging; hence EUS is a useful imaging modality for early rectal cancer. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful for assessing the mesorectum and the mesorectalfascia which has useful prognostic significance and for early identification of local recurrence. Computerized tomography (CT) of the chest, abdomen and pelvis is used to rule out distant metastasis. Identification of the malignant nodes using EUS, CT and MRI is based on the size, morphology and internal characteristics but has drawbacks. Most of the common imaging techniques are suboptimal for imaging following chemoradiation as they struggle to differentiate fibrotic changes and tumor. In this situation, EUS and MRI may provide complementary information to decide further treatment. Functional imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) is useful, particularly PET/CT fusion scans to identify areas of the functionally hotspots. In the current state, imaging has enabled the multidisciplinary team of surgeons, oncologists, radiologists and pathologists to decide on the patient centered management of rectal cancer. Functional imaging may play an active role in identifying patients with lymph node metastasis and those with residual and recurrent disease following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in near future

Tactics of treatment of acute left colon cancer obstruction

Back ground: Advanced colorectal cancer is commonly associated with colon obstruction/between 15-20% of patients with colonic cancer/ or/and tumor infiltration to adjacent organs. We set out to study in-hospital morbidity and mortality after operations of acute left colon cancer obstruction.Methods: From 2000 to 2010 the medical records of 204 cases /15.1%/ of acute left colon cancer obstruction were reviewed from total of 1351 patients who were operated from colorectal cancer. Results: The types of operations were a Hartmann procedure in 78 patients /38.2%/, colostomy in 58 patients /29.4%%, a type of colectomy with ileo-coloanastomosis in 54 patients /26.5%/ and a standard resection in 14 patients /6.8%/. The following early complications were occurred: anastomotic leakage in 4 patients, wound infections in 5 patients, dehiscence of operative wound in 2 patients. The in-hospital mortality rate was 11.3%.Conclusions: The emergency management of acute left-sided colonic obstruction remains controversial. The one-stage resection anastomosis which could be subtotal colectomy or segmental resection is useful and the preferred choice for low risk patients. Simple colostomy or Hartmann procedure should be re served for high risk patients. Colonic stenting is the best option either for palliation or as a bridge to surgery

Evaluation of the efficacy of benzimidazole anthelmintics against different stages of gastrointestinal nematodes of young cattle

The purpose of the research is to study the efficacy of benzimidazole anthelmintics against different development stages of gastrointestinal nematodes of young cattle.Materials and methods. The efficacy of benzimidazole drugs against early development stages of gastrointestinal nematodes was evaluated on 58 male calves aged 12–18 months spontaneously infected with gastrointestinal strongylates on the Moscow Region farms contaminated by nematode parasites. The animals were weighed, numbered and divided into experimental and control groups of 7–10 animals each. The male calves from different experimental groups were orally administered Panacur, Febtal, Fenbendazole (substance), Alben, Alvet, Valbazen, Closalben and Albendazole 10% powder once at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg for the active substance. The control animals did not receive the drug. The drug efficacy was recorded in the experiments of the "control test" type based on the coproovoscopic examination results by the flotation method using a VIGIS counting chamber, and on the results of helminthological dissections of the digestive tract of 3–5 animals from each group. The drug efficacy was recorded as per the Guidelines Approved by the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (1995). The results were processed statistically using the Microsoft Excel computer tool.Results and discussion. We established the 94.4–97.2% efficacy of the drugs based on benzimidazoles, namely, Panacur, Febtal, Alben, Alvet, Valbazen and Closalben in therapeutic doses against imaginal gastrointestinal strongylates and 44.2–69.2% activity against nematode larvae

МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ ПО ПРОФИЛАКТИКЕ НЕМАТО-ДОЗОВ КРУПНОГО РОГАТОГО СКОТА ПРИ РАЗНОЙ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ СОДЕРЖАНИЯ

In recent years nematodosis in cattle are widely spread over the central part of Russia that seems to be caused by several anthropogenic factors. Based on results of study of 686 heads at stall-pasture housing, 289 heads at all year round stall housing, 334 heads at all year round stall housing with herding to paddocks and 127 heads at stall-pasture housing on deep litter it was found that the cattle at stall- pasture housing was the most infected with nematodes. Extensity of invasion (EI) of animals with nematodes at pasture and stall housing makes 28,53 %, at all year round stall housing - 5,46, at all year round stall housing with herding to paddocks - 10,19, stall-pasture housing on deep litter - 40,94 %. No significant difference in invasion of tethered and not tethered animals is found. Significant difference in invasion of cattle at various types of housing technology is determined. It was pointed out that cattle at stall-pasture housing was most infected with nematodes. The stall housing significantly prevents infection of cattle with biohelminths in- cluding nematodes spreading on pastures. Taking into account that cattle at stall- pasture housing is most infected with nematodes we suggest to conduct treatment and preventive measures in order to decrease the invasion level and prevent cattle invasion. Besides common veterinary sanitary measures the measure schedule of stall-pasture housing includes dehelmitization of grazing calves (weeks 6 and 19) and young cattle - in spring and autumn - treatment with aversekt 2 and other ne- matodocides; change of grazing areas every 5-7 days in summer period; cleaning of farm and stalls from dung; sanitation of premises; improvement of watering places; using of cultivated pastures; carrying out a random examination of calves and young cattle for eggs and larvae of nematodes every 45-50 days after begin- ning of grazing season; cleaning of premises, biometric treatment of dung; check study of faeces of youngstock in autumn. In case of detection of infected cattle the dehelmitization should be conducted any season. It is recommended to take the same measures at stall-pasture housing on deep litter. Special attention should be paid here to cleaning of deep litter at the end of stall period and sanitation of pre- mises. Effectiveness of health measures in case of gastrointestinal strongyloidiasis and dictyocaulosis in young cattle of the first grazing year depends not only on ac- tivity of anthelmintics but also on terms of their application. Good results are ob- tained when medicines are applied twice on 6 and 13th grazing week; this allowed to prevent invasion of animals and clinical presence of strongyloidiasis.In recent years nematodosis in cattle are widely spread over the central part of Russia that seems to be caused by several anthropogenic factors. Based on results of study of 686 heads at stall-pasture housing, 289 heads at all year round stall housing, 334 heads at all year round stall housing with herding to paddocks and 127 heads at stall-pasture housing on deep litter it was found that the cattle at stall- pasture housing was the most infected with nematodes. Extensity of invasion (EI) of animals with nematodes at pasture and stall housing makes 28,53 %, at all year round stall housing - 5,46, at all year round stall housing with herding to paddocks - 10,19, stall-pasture housing on deep litter - 40,94 %. No significant difference in invasion of tethered and not tethered animals is found. Significant difference in invasion of cattle at various types of housing technology is determined. It was pointed out that cattle at stall-pasture housing was most infected with nematodes. The stall housing significantly prevents infection of cattle with biohelminths in- cluding nematodes spreading on pastures. Taking into account that cattle at stall- pasture housing is most infected with nematodes we suggest to conduct treatment and preventive measures in order to decrease the invasion level and prevent cattle invasion. Besides common veterinary sanitary measures the measure schedule of stall-pasture housing includes dehelmitization of grazing calves (weeks 6 and 19) and young cattle - in spring and autumn - treatment with aversekt 2 and other ne- matodocides; change of grazing areas every 5-7 days in summer period; cleaning of farm and stalls from dung; sanitation of premises; improvement of watering places; using of cultivated pastures; carrying out a random examination of calves and young cattle for eggs and larvae of nematodes every 45-50 days after begin- ning of grazing season; cleaning of premises, biometric treatment of dung; check study of faeces of youngstock in autumn. In case of detection of infected cattle the dehelmitization should be conducted any season. It is recommended to take the same measures at stall-pasture housing on deep litter. Special attention should be paid here to cleaning of deep litter at the end of stall period and sanitation of pre- mises. Effectiveness of health measures in case of gastrointestinal strongyloidiasis and dictyocaulosis in young cattle of the first grazing year depends not only on ac- tivity of anthelmintics but also on terms of their application. Good results are ob- tained when medicines are applied twice on 6 and 13th grazing week; this allowed to prevent invasion of animals and clinical presence of strongyloidiasis