Nodding Syndrome - an Indian case

Background: Although nodding syndrome is a catastrophic epileptic encephalopathy, it is reported only from Africa so far. We describe the first case from the Indian sub-continent.Methods: A ten-year-old child who had an episode of Guillain Barre syndrome with incomplete recovery developed emaciation secondary to bulbar palsy and depression. Subsequently, nine months later she developed head nodding, spastic quadriparesis, choreo-athetoid movement disorder, global aphasia and depression. She improved with sodium valproate, nutritional rehabilitation and anti-spasticity and anti-depressant medications.Results: First case of nodding syndrome is described from India where possible etiology is malnutrition. She had anemia, her electroencephalography revealed parieto-occipital inter-ictal epileptiform discharges and Magnetic Resonance Imaging showed diffuse cerebral atrophy.Conclusion: Nodding syndrome is an epileptic encephalopathy of nutritional origin beyond geographical barriers but amenable to anti-convulsants and nutritional rehabilitation.Keywords: Nodding syndrome, India

Female sterilization failure, consequences and further contraception: a review of cases over ten years

Objective: To study the socio-demographic profile and etiological factors responsible for failure of tubal ligation. Their outcome and further adopted methods of contraception.Methods: This was a retrospective observational study done in a tertiary care centre from January 2009 to December 2018. All cases who came with sterilization failure were reviewed including their demographic patterns, previous methods used and the contraception choices adopted after procedural failure.Results: Over a period of ten years, out of a total of 157 cases of sterilization failure 43.33% (n=68) were laparoscopic interval ligation, 42.60% (n=67) were laparoscopic ligation with termination of pregnancy, 10.20% (n=16) were sterilization done along with lower segment cesarean section and 1.9% (n=3) were mini-laparotomy (minilap) done in postpartum period. Only 63.05% (n=99) got repeat sterilization procedure done despite previous failure. Out of 157 cases, in 50.9% (n=80) recanalization was found, tuboperitoneal fistula was responsible in 5.7% (n=9) women, slipped fallope ring was found in 5.7% (n=9) women, wrong application of fallope ring was seen in 1.9% (n=3) and 35.6% (n=56) did not opted for religation.Conclusion: Failures of sterilization procedures do exist especially in laparoscopic ligation. Counseling prior to adoption of this method, risk of failure and other noninvasive options of contraception must be discussed.

Nodding syndrome- an Indian case

Background: Although nodding syndrome is a catastrophic epileptic encephalopathy, it is reported only from Africa so far. We describe the first case from the Indian sub-continent. Methods: A ten-year-old child who had an episode of Guillain Barre syndrome with incomplete recovery developed emaciation secondary to bulbar palsy and depression. Subsequently, nine months later she developed head nodding, spastic quadriparesis, choreo-athetoid movement disorder, global aphasia and depression. She improved with sodium valproate, nutritional rehabilitation and anti-spasticity and anti-depressant medications. Results: First case of nodding syndrome is described from India where possible etiology is malnutrition. She had anemia, her electroencephalography revealed parieto-occipital inter-ictal epileptiform discharges and Magnetic Resonance Imaging showed diffuse cerebral atrophy. Conclusion: Nodding syndrome is an epileptic encephalopathy of nutritional origin beyond geographical barriers but amenable to anti-convulsants and nutritional rehabilitation

On Sectional Curvatures of ( ε

We obtain some basic results for Riemannian curvature tensor of (ε)-Sasakian manifolds and then establish equivalent relations among φ-sectional curvature, totally real sectional curvature, and totally real bisectional curvature for (ε)-Sasakian manifolds

Oxidation of aqueous sulphur dioxide in suspensions of magnesium oxide: Removal of SO₂ from flue gases

713-716The kinetics of oxidation of aqueous SO2 in acetate buffered suspensions of MgO obeys rate law (i) Robs = k[MgO][S(IV)]2[H+]-l ... (i) and the main oxidation product is sulphate. The suggested mechanism involves the formation of surficial complexes between hydroxylated magnesium and S(IV). There exists a close parallelism between Robs and pH of zero point charge, pHzpc, for CdO, MgO and SiO2. The results suggest that in wet-scrubbers, which utilize the slurries of MgO for removal of SO2 from the flue gases, the sulphite formed as a result of SO2 absorption will be oxidized by atmospheric oxygen to sulphate, the extent of which will increase with increase in pH, temperature, slurry density and absorbed SO2

Totally Contact Umbilical Lightlike Hypersurfaces of Indefinite -Manifolds

We study totally contact umbilical lightlike hypersurfaces of indefinite -manifolds and prove the nonexistence of totally contact umbilical lightlike hypersurface in indefinite -space form

Surface-mediated autoxidation of aqueous SO2 in ceramic powder suspensions

683-687In acetate buffered ceramic suspensions, if the ceramic concentration is not too high, the kinetics of autoxidation conforms to the rate lawRobs = Run + k5[H+]-1[Ceramic][S(IV)]2where Run is the rate of uncatalyzed reaction and k5 is the rate constant for the surface catalyzed path. The rate of autoxidation is unaffected by oxygen partial pressure. Interestingly, the rate versus [ceramic] profile passes through a maximum indicating that the autoxidation mechanism involves the adsorption of both sulphur(IV) and dioxygen on particle surface

Characterization of GCR-lightlike warped product of indefinite Sasakian manifolds

In this paper we prove that there do not exist warped product GCR-lightlike submanifolds in the form M = N⊥ × λNT such that N⊥ is an anti-invariant submanifold tangent to V and NT an invariant submanifold of M‾, other than GCR-lightlike product in an indefinite Sasakian manifold. We also obtain characterization theorems for a GCR-lightlike submanifold to be locally a GCR-lightlike warped product

Recent progress on gold nanoparticle biosensors monitored water quality: Insights on diversified contaminants and functionalization paradigms

Over the past few years, water quality monitoring has swiftly emerged as a thrust area for most of the developing nations. Despite its renewable essence, incessant industrialization and urbanization have depleted the natural water resources, culminating in adverse impact on potable water quality. As a consequence, reliable technologies with utmost sensitivity and accurate predictions vis-à-vis authentic qualitative standards are urgently needed. Herein, interest in using gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) biosensors to gauge the qualitative profile of water resources has been quite significant. Major fascinations for Au NPs biosensing driven water quality monitoring are steadfast preparation methodologies, well-understood mechanisms for size-shape modulation and inert sensitivity manifested remarkable functionalization abilities. The size-shape modulated functionalization advances for Au NPs are the dynamic outcomes of their quantum effects, anchored via single or multidimensional quantum confinements (QCs). Morphologies as vibrant as rod, spherical, cylindrical, shells and combinatorial regime have been the backbone aspects of Au NPs based biosensors. With such insights, the present article focuses on last decade noted advances aimed at Au NPs biosensors assessed water quality. The studies discussed herewith were retrieved from Pubmed using the keywords, “Gold Nanoparticle Biosensors for Water Quality Monitoring”. The knowledge shared herein could consolidate the fabrication of future Au nanomaterials based sensing technologies vis-à-vis functionalization mechanisms, cost considerations, precision aspects, integrated possibilities and long-term cautions