Trendjacking: A Social Justice Analysis

The purpose of this paper is to look at the intersection of trendjacking and social justice within five specific advertisements targeted at an American audience from well-known brands. A variety of success in utilizing this intersection is presented and explained through an analysis of the advertisement, people highlighted, the brand’s financial giving and history, social media response, etc. The five brands examined are Pepsi, Dove, Nike, Airbnb, and Levi’s. To successfully utilize social justice trendjacking, brands must be genuine and specific with their message, be prepared to explain their reasoning for their decisions, have the advertisements checked by many people from diverse backgrounds to check for potential issues that could arise from public viewing

Espied with Truth’s Ray or Error’s jaundiced Eye?: Richard Twiss’s Account of Dublin in 1775

Discusses the background to Richard Twiss’s tour of Ireland, particularly in the context of travel literature, the reputation of the author and his journey around the country in general. The paper then goes on to outline the observations he made about Dublin during the summer of 1775 and conclude with some remarks on the poetical response to his book, which took the form of four satirical poems

The Professional Careers: Women Pioneers and the Male Image Seduction

Women in ancient greek society who had to dress and pose as men in order to have professional careers

Bishop Pococke's Improvements to St. Canice's Cathedral, Kilkenny

Born in Southampton in 1704 into a church family, Richard Pococke was educated at his grandfather’s school in Highclere rectory and matriculated at (or entered) Corpus Christi College, Oxford in 1720, aged only fifteen. He received a BA in 1725, a BCL in 1731 and a DCL (Doctor of Laws) in 1733. (4) While Precentor of Lismore Cathedral in 1725, aged only twenty-one (an appointment made by his somewhat unpopular uncle Thomas Milles, Bishop of Waterford and Lismore,) (5) his interests appeared to be concerned less with the church than with travel. It seems that the sinecure to which he was promoted required him to be present very little in Ireland, if at all. Several years later, together with his much younger cousin Jeremiah Milles, Pococke made his first Grand Tour to Italy. This is documented through a series of letters to his mother (6) outlining his six-month tour of the country from December 1733 to June, 1734 and is summarized in A Dictionary of British and Irish Travellers in Italy, 1701-1800. (7). In May, 1736, Dr Pococke (now having been promoted to Vicar-General of Waterford and Lismore) set out on a second, more extensive journey, this time alone. Travelling for a year through Germany and Eastern Europe, he spent a further year in Italy, where he befriended the Irishman Robert Wood, who was to become famous some years later for his two influential books on Palmyra and Baalbec. (8) His departure from Leghorn in September, 1738, took him on an extensive tour of the east, where he visited Alexandria, Cairo and Jerusalem over a period of three years, a voyage inspiring his famous travel book on the Levant, in two volumes, discussed below. His trip was almost contemporaneous with one made by another Irishman, William Ponsonby (Viscount Duncannon and future 2nd Earl of Bessborough), and his travelling companion Lord Sandwich, (9) and it is possible, though undocumented, that they may have met at some stage along the way. They certainly shared the same passion for knowledge about the east, for antiquities and for Turkish dress, all three commissioning portraits in such costume by the artist Jean-Etienne Liotard; and they were all, on their return, to become founder members of two London dining clubs devoted to promoting an interest in the east. Pococke returned to England in 1742 and in the February was elected Fellow of the Royal Society on the grounds of being “a Gentleman of Universal Learning, great Curiosity, every way well quallified and likely to be a very usefull and valuable member of the Same”. (10) He worked on his first volume of A Description of the East and Some other Countries: Observations on Egypt, which was published the following year and , interestingly, for the present study, he dedicated this volume to Henry Herbert, 9th Earl of Pembroke and Montgomery, commonly known as the “architect earl”. In his Dedication, Pococke immediately declared the objective of his book in his statement: “My Lord, As the magnificent buildings of Egypt, and antient architecture are the chief subject of this book, it could not be more properly addressed than to Your Lordship.’ (11) In the Preface to this volume, he draws attention to the illustrations in the book, noting: ‘The publisher of these observations [Pococke himself] had it only in his thoughts, to give the world the plans he had taken of the Egyptian buildings, together with some drawings of them, and to add an account, and designs of all the different orders of Egyptian architecture. He imagined even plans alone, with proper descriptions, not so defective as they might be with regard to other buildings….’ He continues: ‘What he has done will, he hopes, give a sufficient idea of the Egyptian manner of building; and if he had gone no further, it would have been very little more than publishing these plates; and it is but a little more at present, by the persuasion of some friends, to give an account of his travels, and of several accidents, that might give an insight into the customs and manners of people so different from our own, in order to render the work more acceptable to the generality of readers.’ (12) Volume II incorporates two parts. The first is entitled Observations on Palestine or the Holy Land, Syria, Mesopotamia, Cyprus and Candia, and the second is Observations on the Islands of the Archipelago, Asia Minor, Thrace, Greece, and some otherParts of Europe. Published in 1745, this volume and was dedicated to Philip Dormer Stanhope, 4th Earl of Chesterfield, then Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, to whom Pococke was Domestic Chaplain. The dedication was rewarded by his appointment the same year to the Archdeaconry of Dublin, a position he retained until promoted to the Bishopric of Ossory, in 1756. This volume of his travels continues in an architectural vein, bringing to a total 178 magnificent plates, the most impressive of which are possibly the ten plans and elevations of temples and ‘apartments’ in Baalbeck (Pococke’s Plates X-XX). As was the custom with contemporary travel writers, Pococke frequently included in his illustrations a picture of himself, usually recognisable among the two or three figures present by being depicted either as taking measurements of the buildings, or engaged in drawing them

The Classical Taste of William Ponsonby, 2nd Earl of Bessborough, in Irish Architectural and Decorative Arts

Using previously unpublished material, this study examines the classical taste of the second Earl of Bessbourough in terms of his travels, collection of antiquities and design of his homes

Plagues in Classical Literature

An account of the theme of plagues in Greek literature (Sophocles, Thucydides) and Roman literature (Lucretius, Virgil, Ovid

George Barrett R.A. 1732-84, Tempietto del Clitunno

An article commissioned by the Gorry Gallery in Dublin to explain the background to and the meaning of an oil on canvas by George Barrett R.A. (1732 - 1734) based on two works by the Italian artist Piranesi. This work was for sale in the Gallery in March 2006

The Grand Tour Correspondence of two Eighteenth-Century Clergymen from the Diocese of Waterford & Lismore

The correspondences of Dr Richard Pococke and his cousin Jeremiah Milles, tracing in detail their eighteenth century travels through Europe and the Orient, have been previously overlooked in historiographical terms. Rachel Finnegan’s article brings these letters to life, charting the personal and professional lives of these two clergymen, revealing the disparate range of subjects dealt with in their correspondences and thereby highlighting the potential value of these documents as historical sources

The importance of different frailty domains in a population based sample in England

Background: The aim was to estimate the prevalence of frailty and relative contribution of physical/balance, nutritive, cognitive and sensory frailty to important adverse health states (falls, physical activity levels, outdoor mobility, problems in self-care or usual activities, and lack of energy or accomplishment) in an English cohort by age and sex. Methods: Analysis of baseline data from a cohort of 9803 community-dwelling participants in a clinical trial. The sample was drawn from a random selection of all people aged 70 or more registered with 63 general practices across England. Data were collected by postal questionnaire. Frailty was measured with the Strawbridge questionnaire. We used cross sectional, multivariate logistic regression to estimate the association between frailty domains and known correlates and adjusted for age. Some models were stratified by sex. Results: Mean age of participants was 78 years (sd 5.7), range 70 to 101 and 47.5% (4653/9803) were men. The prevalence of overall frailty was 20.7% (2005/9671) and there was no difference in prevalence by sex (Odds Ratio 0.98; 95% Confidence Interval 0.89 to 1.08). Sensory frailty was the most common and this was reported by more men (1823/4586) than women (1469/5056; Odds Ratio for sensory frailty 0.62, 95% Confidence Interval 0.57 to 0.68). Men were less likely than women to have physical or nutritive frailty. Physical frailty had the strongest independent associations with adverse health states. However, sensory frailty was independently associated with falls, less frequent walking, problems in self-care and usual activities, lack of energy and accomplishment. Conclusions: Physical frailty was more strongly associated with adverse health states, but sensory frailty was much more common. The health gain from intervention for sensory frailty in England is likely to be substantial, particularly for older men. Sensory frailty should be explored further as an important target of intervention to improve health outcomes for older people both at clinical and population level.This article is freely available via Open Access. Click on the Publisher URL to access it via the publisher's site.08/14/41/DH_/Department of Health/United Kingdom Project number 08/14/41/Health Technology Assessment Programmepre-print, post-print, publisher's version/PD

Resolving taxonomic uncertainty in vulnerable elasmobranchs : are the Madeira skate (Raja maderensis) and the thornback ray (Raja clavata) distinct species?

Skates and rays constitute the most speciose group of chondrichthyan fishes, yet are characterised by remarkable levels of morphological and ecological conservatism. They can be challenging to identify, which makes monitoring species compositions for fisheries management purposes problematic. Owing to their slow growth and low fecundity, skates are vulnerable to exploitation and species exhibiting endemism or limited ranges are considered to be the most at risk. The Madeira skate Raja maderensis is endemic and classified as ‘Data Deficient’ by the IUCN, yet its taxonomic distinctiveness from the morphologically similar and more wide-ranging thornback ray Raja clavate is unresolved. This study evaluated the sequence divergence of both the variable control region and cytochrome oxidase I ‘DNA barcode’ gene of the mitochondrial genome to elucidate the genetic differentiation of specimens identified as R. maderensis and R. clavate collected across much of their geographic ranges. Genetic evidence was insufficient to support the different species designations. However regardless of putative species identification, individuals occupying waters around the Azores and North African Seamounts represent an evolutionarily significant unit worthy of special consideration for conservation management