9 research outputs found

    Mesures automatisées de chaleur spécifique à basse température

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    Le systÚme calorimétrique et électronique décrit permet la mesure et le calcul de la chaleur spécifique C en fonction de la température T entre 2 et 30 K. L'ensemble des données obtenues par la méthode de chauffage continu, est traité en temps réel à l'aide d'un micro-ordinateur afin d'obtenir directement la courbe C(T). Le traitement comporte un filtrage numérique qui réduit le bruit des mesures. La technique est illustrée par des résultats sur Hg et Pb

    Intragranular and intergranular transitions in Y-Ba-Cu-O ceramics

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    We describe quantitatively the whole resistive transition (from p ≃ ρ N to ρ = 0) of Y-Ba-Cu-O ceramics as two successive phase transitions : the intragrain superconducting transition at Tcs and the intergrain coherence transition induced by the Josephson coupling between neighbouring grains at Tc Tcs, the fluctuations in the amplitude of the superconducting order parameter in the grains lead to an excess conductivity given by the Azlamazov-Larkin and/or the Lawrence-Doniach theories. In the paracoherent region Tc Tcs, les fluctuations de l'amplitude du paramĂštre d'ordre supraconducteur des grains individuels conduisent Ă  une conductivitĂ© supplĂ©mentaire calculĂ©e d'aprĂšs les thĂ©ories d'Azlamazov et Larkin et/ou de Lawrence et Doniach. Dans la rĂ©gion paracohĂ©rente Tc < T < Tcs, les fluctuations de phase dans les grains sont responsables du comportement critique de la conductivitĂ©. Les rĂ©sultats expĂ©rimentaux concernant la paraconductivitĂ© d'Ă©chantillons de degrĂ©s de granularitĂ© diffĂ©rents suggĂšrent l'existence d'une structure lamellaire dans les grains. Par contre au voisinage de Tc, le comportement de p (T) et des caractĂ©ristiques V(I) est toujours dĂ©terminĂ© par la transition Ă  la cohĂ©rence

    Phenomenologie et caractérisation des supraconducteurs à haute TcT_{\rm c}

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    Transport properties of high TcT_{\rm c} superconductors depend on the microscopic structure of the ideal material and on the mesoscopic characteristics of each sample. From an experimental point of view it is essential to separate their efrects. This can be done by describing quantitatively the resistive transition in zero field as a two-step process : a superconducting intragranular transition and an intergranular coherence transition. Well-known theories of critical fluctuations and Gaussian fluctuations allow us to obtain important characteristic parameters of the intragranular material such as the critical temperature, the normal resistivity and the width of the critical region.Les propriétés de transport des supraconducteurs dépendent à la fois de la structure microscopique du matériau idéal et des caractéristiques mésoscopiques (la granularité) de chaque échantillon. Du point de vue expérimental il est essentiel de pouvoir séparer leurs effet respectifs. Nous parvenons à cette séparation en décrivant quantitativement la transition résistive sous champ nul en deux étapes: supraconductrice intragranulaire et cohérente intergranulaire. Des théories connues des fluctuations critiques et gaussiennes nous permettent alors d'obtenir des paramÚtres importants pour la caractérisation du matériau intragranulaire, comme sa température critique, sa résistivité normale et la largeur de sa région critique

    Fundamental and contingent parameters in the description of transport properties of high Tc oxides

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    International audienceSuperconducting oxides like other materials, display intermingled microscopic ("ideal") and mesoscopic (usually sample-dependent) properties. By describing quantitatively the resistive transition we show that each contribution can be understood separately. A very simple grain-barrier model, together with the idea of a two-step superconducting transition and well-known theories of fluctuations in superconductors are the ingredients of this description. We thus identify the ideal critical temperature Tcs , even in degraded samples. Similarly other microscopic parameters like the coherence length in the c-direction and the distance between CuO2 planes, in good agreement with the crystallographic data, are obtained without adjustment from purely resistive measurements at T > Tcs .The relevant sample-dependent quantity is the barrier contribution to the total resistivity, and is obtained from measurements at T < Tcs . Finally, we discuss critical current measurements, and show that different behaviours, related to grain size and coupling, can be expected

    Disorder and non-linear magnetic response of high Tc superconductors

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    International audienceWe measure the low frequency magnetic response of YBa2Cu3O6.7Fx (0 <= x< 0.2) ceramics in a wide range of a.c. fields (10-7 T <= ”0H0 <= 10-4 T). When changing the amount of disorder (varying x) on the microscopic level we find the same non linear response with field amplitude H0 as in granular conventional superconductors. The real part of the susceptibility appears as a universal function of H1(T)/H0 where H1(T) is the field of first flux penetration. The power law dependence found for H1(T) can be understood in the framework of the coherence transition of granular superconductors with random couplings

    Very low field flux penetration in halogenated cuprates

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    International audienceThe low-frequency non linear magnetic susceptibility chi(H,T) of YBa2Cu3O7-deltaFx ceramics (delta = 0 and 0.3) is measured in the range 0 <= x <= 0.2, 15K <= T < Tc, with Tc the coherence critical temperature and ac field amplitude 10(-8) T < ”0H0 < 10(-2) T. We find that the real part chi'(H0,T) = f[H1(T,x)/H0] is a universal scaling function for all samples with H1(T,x) = H1(0,x)epsilon(phi) the experimentally determined first flux penetration field, epsilon = 1-T/Tc and phi = 2.7+/-0.2. We describe a model where the order parameter is localized in randomly coupled regions whose critical behaviour depends on couplings above a temperature-dependent threshold. The observed dependence H1(T) results from screening currents circulating in percolation fractal clusters
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