The eventuality of property rights on economic growth in developing countries

One of the most important Factors for economic growth in each society is protecting property rights which can present Freedom, Safety and Justice that can lead to economic growth. For this purpose I tried to not only define the property rights but also accumulation of physical and human capital and also on economic growth. This study uses Dincer's (2007) model who suggests neoclassical growth model proposed by Mankiu et al. (1992) to analyze the effects of the property rights protection on the levels of economic performance. This study consists of 19 developing countries. The collected data covers the period from 2000-2010. It also predicts that protecting property rights has a positive effect on the accumulation of physical and human capital and economic growth

The eventuality of property rights on economic growth in developing countries

One of the most important Factors for economic growth in each society is protecting property rights which can present Freedom, Safety and Justice that can lead to economic growth. For this purpose I tried to not only define the property rights but also accumulation of physical and human capital and also on economic growth. This study uses Dincer's (2007) model who suggests neoclassical growth model proposed by Mankiu et al. (1992) to analyze the effects of the property rights protection on the levels of economic performance. This study consists of 19 developing countries. The collected data covers the period from 2000-2010. It also predicts that protecting property rights has a positive effect on the accumulation of physical and human capital and economic growth

The eventuality of property rights on economic growth in developing countries

One of the most important Factors for economic growth in each society is protecting property rights which can present Freedom, Safety and Justice that can lead to economic growth. For this purpose I tried to not only define the property rights but also accumulation of physical and human capital and also on economic growth. This study uses Dincer's (2007) model who suggests neoclassical growth model proposed by Mankiu et al. (1992) to analyze the effects of the property rights protection on the levels of economic performance. This study consists of 19 developing countries. The collected data covers the period from 2000-2010. It also predicts that protecting property rights has a positive effect on the accumulation of physical and human capital and economic growth

Encapsulation of eucalyptus essential oil in chitosan nanoparticles and its effect on MDA-MB-231 cells

Objective(s): Encapsulation of essential oil in polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) increases their retention and improves their efficacy. Here, eucalyptus essential oil (EEO) encapsulate in the chitosan (CS) NPs increases its retention, and enhances the anticancer effect of EEO.Materials and Methods: The effects of pH, chitosan sodium tripolyphosphate ratio, and chitosan concentration on the size and charge NPs were evaluated. The success of EEO encapsulation was confirmed by FT-IR, UV–Vis spectroscopy, and GC techniques. The toxic effect of free EEO and CS-EEO NPs was investigated in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and fibroblast normal cells. Results: The optimized obtained EEO -loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CS-EEO NPs) were spherical with an average diameter of 86 nm, a polydispersity index below 0.4, and positive zeta potential (+14.25 mV) as confirmed. Increasing the concentration and pH of the chitosan solution and decreasing the chitosan/sodium tripolyphosphate ratio, the size of NPs decreased. Loading capacity (LC) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of EEO in the NPs were about 45% and 32–76%, respectively. The chitosan nanoparticles exhibited a biphasic release profile with the release of 87% of the EEO in the first 5 h, followed by a sustained release for the next 43 h. Conclusion: The free EEO was more toxic for MDA-MB-231 cells than fibroblast cells; however, CS-EEO NPs were non-toxic for fibroblast cells and more toxic for MDA-MB-231 cells compared to free EEO. Therefore, the CS-EEO NPs illustrate smart behavior in killing cancerous cells and will be suggested for breast cancer drug delivery

Seroprevalence of Immunoglobulin G antibodies against pertussis toxin among asymptomatic medical students in the west of Iran: a cross sectional study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Pertussis is a highly communicable, vaccine-preventable respiratory infection. Immune response against this disease can be induced by infection or vaccination. Protection after childhood vaccination is minimal after ten years. Our aim was to assess pertussis immunity state in a population of healthy young medical students.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In this seroepidemiological survey, blood samples were obtained from 163 first-year medical students in Hamedan University, Iran. Serum level of IgG against pertussis toxin (IgG-PT) was measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. For qualitative assessment, IgG-PT levels more than 24 unit (U)/ml were considered positive. Data was analysed qualitatively and quantitatively considering gender and age groups.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>There were 83 males and 80 females, with a mean age of 19.48 years, Prevalence of IgG-PT was 47.6% with mean level of 71.7 u/ml (95% confidence interval: 68.1–75.3). No statistically significant difference was observed with respect to sero-positivity of IgG-PT between males and females (45 cases (54%) vs. 34 cases (42%); P = 0.06). Mean IgG-PT levels in males and females were 84 U/ml and 58.8 U/ml, respectively (P = 0.91).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>A considerable proportion of our study population with a positive history of childhood vaccination for pertussis was not serologically immune to pertussis. A booster dose of acellular pertussis vaccine may be indicated in Iranian, medical students regarding their serologic conditions and outstanding role in health care systems.</p

Estimation of Tax Capacity and Effort and Oil Revenue

Abstract: In this study, the tax capacity and effort and its relationship with oil revenue of 6 selected countries member in OPEC such as Iran, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Venezuela, Algeria and Saudi Arabia are considered. The study has been applied by panel data within 1990-2008. According to the results of Husman test, fixed effects method was confirmed for estimation of panel data. Therefore, tax capacity model was compiled and estimated via fixed effects method. The variables affecting the tax capacity including per capita income, open economics (import and export ratio to the gross domestic product) and oil revenue ratio to gross domestic product and tax capacity with one lag were considered. The summary of the analysis indicated that the relationship between the per capita income, oil revenue to gross domestic product ratio and tax capacity with one lag and dependent variable is positive and significant. Whilst the open economics grade in the oil countries has negative and significant relationship with the tax capacity. At the next stage, the tax effort was computed for the studied countries according to the results of tax capacity model estimation. The results of this study indicated that the tax effort in Iran is placed in lower ranks than Venezuela, Algeria and with a inconsiderable difference to Saudi Arabia in the fourth rank out of six studied countries

The Effect of Corruption and Central Bank Independence on Volume of Money in Iran: Using the Model (STAR)

The present study has investigated the effect of corruption on monetary policy with respect to different levels of central bank independence during the period 1978-2017 using the STAR model. The results of the model estimation, in addition to confirming the nonlinear in the relationship between Central Bank of Iran Independence Index and the growth of money volume, show that increasing the degree of central bank independence in both regimes has reduced the growth of money volume. In addition, in the regime of low central bank independence, an increase in the corruption index has led to an increase in the volume of money. However, in a regime where the central bank is more independent, the index of corruption has no effect on money growth

Assessment of the Role of Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) as One of the Parameters Affecting the Technology Foresight Approach in the Automotive Industry

Background and Objective: Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) is one of the most important principles that should be considered in any activity, including industrial and service activities. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the role of HSE in the parameters affecting the technology foresight approach in an automotive industry. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted based on the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) in an automotive industry from 2020 to 2021. The statistical population included experts, supervisors, and managers in Pars-Khodro Company (Tehran, Iran), and the study sample was 138 people. The process of conducting this study included identifying the parameters affecting the technology foresight approach in the automotive industry through a comprehensive library study and implementing FAHP through a field study. Results: The results showed that all parameters of soft and hard technology, as well as political, economic, social, and HSE factors, significantly affected the technology foresight approach in the automotive industry (P<0.001). The final normalized weights for these six parameters were 0.378, 0.163, 0.280, 0.051, 0.098, and 0.031, respectively. The incompatibility rate of the comparisons was 0.09. Conclusion: The findings indicated that soft technology is the most important factor and HSE factors are the least important one in technology transfer and foresight approach

Evaluating The Structural Model for Causative and Maintaining Factors of Social Anxiety Disorder in Students of Medical Sciences

Background and purpose: Identifying the nature of social anxiety through its causative factors can provide valuable information for the health system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a structural model for creating and maintaining factors causing social anxiety disorder in students in a medical sciences university. Materials and methods: A descriptive-correlational study was performed in all students at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. Online questionnaires were completed (n= 670), including social phobia inventory (SPIN), Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (YSQ-3), Behavioral Activation/Inhibition Systems (BAS/BIS), Older Adult Social-Evaluative Situations Questionnaire (OASES), Social Phobia Safety Behaviors Scale (SPSBS), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), Mini-Social Thoughts and Beliefs Scale (Mini-STABS), and Self-Beliefs Related to Social Anxiety Scale (SBSA). Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling and Bootstrap method using AMOS software. Results: Fit indices showed that hypothetical research model has a good fit with the data. In the present model, positive significant relationships were found between social anxiety and the paths associated with behavioral inhibition, trust-abuse, defectiveness/shame, social isolation, unrelenting standards via mediators of social-evaluative situations, safety behaviors, emotion regulation, social thoughts and beliefs, and self-beliefs to social anxiety (P<0.0001). But, we observed no significant relationship between social anxiety and emotion regulation mediator path (P<0.0001). Conclusion: Considering the role of etiology and maintenance factors in current model, it can be used in designing treatments for social anxiety and promoting the health of medical students