Book of Hours: Number 28

Vellum is in poor condition, this is most likely because of the ageing of metal alloys used in the original production of the book.; Decorated initials with circular filigree. Floral, stem-like imagery. Separating the verses is a bar of red and blue with white filigree.; Angular Gothic Script; Brown, blue, red, silver, and gold inkshttps://digital.kenyon.edu/mdvlmanuscripts/1014/thumbnail.jp

An der Schnittstelle von Morphologie und Syntax. Einheitsformen der Personalpronomen der 1. und 2. Person Plural im Nordbairischen

In German, pronominal inflection is more distinctive than noun inflection. Despite all tendencies towards syncretism, the specific exponents of the nominative case in the first and second person pronouns have been generally retained both in the standard language and in the dialects. However, in several areas, this distinction has ceased to exist and has given way to a single form for the first and second-person plural in which case is no longer marked. The present article examines forms of this kind in the transitional area between East Franconian and Northern Bavarian. We find that these forms occur when the loss of case marking in pronominal inflection is compensated for by an unambiguous indication of person in verbal inflection. The generalized form ENK(S) in the second-person plural occurs in dialects with -TS as the verbal suffix of the second-personal plural. Distinction of case in the second-person plural is retained in dialects with the verbal suffix -T, because -T is also the verbal suffix of the third-person singular and hence there are several cases in which syncretism prevails in the verbal paradigm (as in the word form m\ue4ht from the verb m\ue4hen \u2018to mow\u2019). Since -N is the verbal suffix of the first and third-person plural (as in m\ue4hen), there is no development of a generalized first person plural form in the region under investigation. These results illustrate the fundamental link between morphology and syntax

The Set Structure of Precision: Coherent Probabilities on Pre-Dynkin-Systems

In literature on imprecise probability little attention is paid to the fact that imprecise probabilities are precise on some events. We call these sets system of precision. We show that, under mild assumptions, the system of precision of a lower and upper probability form a so-called (pre-)Dynkin-system. Interestingly, there are several settings, ranging from machine learning on partial data over frequential probability theory to quantum probability theory and decision making under uncertainty, in which a priori the probabilities are only desired to be precise on a specific underlying set system. At the core of all of these settings lies the observation that precise beliefs, probabilities or frequencies on two events do not necessarily imply this precision to hold for the intersection of those events. Here, (pre-)Dynkin-systems have been adopted as systems of precision, too. We show that, under extendability conditions, those pre-Dynkin-systems equipped with probabilities can be embedded into algebras of sets. Surprisingly, the extendability conditions elaborated in a strand of work in quantum physics are equivalent to coherence in the sense of Walley (1991, Statistical reasoning with imprecise probabilities, p. 84). Thus, literature on probabilities on pre-Dynkin-systems gets linked to the literature on imprecise probability. Finally, we spell out a lattice duality which rigorously relates the system of precision to credal sets of probabilities. In particular, we provide a hitherto undescribed, parametrized family of coherent imprecise probabilities

The State of the Art in Linguistic Cartography

In order to offer an overview of the state of the art in linguistic cartography, this article presents recent advances in the field. Whereas traditional dialectology was the main field of application for linguistic cartography in the twentieth century, the new cartographic forms presented here are a result of the introduction of methods and approaches from fields such as theoretical linguistics (e.g., generative grammar), sociolinguistics, statistics and geoinformatics. The combination of data and methods from various disciplines has proved fruitful, usually for all of the disciplines involved in the exchange. It is important to point out that new cartographic methods allow new perspectives even on old data, as will be exemplified here, particularly with aggregate and dialectometric mappings and the DiWA system. One of the aims of this contribution to the Nordic Dialectology Meeting is to extend the invitation to apply these new methods to the impressive amount of data collected by generations of dialectologists, so as to reaffirm for these data the scientific value they continue to deserve, today and in the future

Rappresentazione cartografica del multilinguismo: dalle valli ladine all’Ucraina orientale

La rappresentazione cartografica del multilinguismo rimane una sfida, nonostante gli sviluppi enormi della cartografia linguistica anche grazie alle potenzialità offerte dai nuovi strumenti digitali, con ripercussioni politiche importanti che e utile tenere in considerazione nell’analizzare la guerra russo-ucraina attualmente in corso. Nella sezione 1 di questo contributo mettiamo in evidenza le caratteristiche specifiche delle carte linguistiche rispetto alle altre carte tematiche e discutiamo le criticità esibite da molte carte di territori multilingui, prendendo come esempio il Trentino. Nella sezione 2 presentiamo la Survey Ladins di Dell’Aquila & Iannàccaro (2006) che offre ottimi modelli di rappresentazione cartografica del multilinguismo. La sezione 3 indaga il ruolo che rivestono le rappresentazioni della situazione linguistica nella narrativa russa della guerra contro l’Ucraina. Proponiamo una carta del multilinguismo in Ucraina che non fornisce elementi utili alla suddivisione del paese in una parte nord-occidentale ucraina e una parte sud-orientale russa. Nella sezione 4 concludiamo che il multilinguismo continuerà a caratterizzare l’Ucraina a prescindere dall’esito della guerra

Sandra Bosco, Marcella Costa, Ludwig M. Eichinger: Deutsch – Italienisch: Sprachvergleiche/Te­desco – Italiano: confronti linguistici

Im rezensierten Band sind die Beiträge einer dem Sprachvergleich Deutsch-Italienisch 2009 in Turin gewidmeten Tagung publiziert

Intonation and Syllable Structure. A Cross-linguistic Study of German and Italian Conversations

German and Italian have quite different rhythmic and/or melodic characteristics. This paper investigates the correlates of that impression, focussing on intonation and syllable structure. The data are made up of different types of repair activity in German and Italian conversations: problems of expectation, problems of understanding, and contradictions. It turns out that speakers of German and Italian use the same intonational procedures to constitute and contextualise activity types in conversations. For the two languages it is therefore possible to devise a uniform model of intonation contour assignment according to function. A comparison of the syllabic structures of the two languages reveals that the main source of the different impressions made by German and Italian prosodic structure is not intonation, but syllable structure. This accords with recent speech perception studies

La figura di Georg Wenker: le inchieste dialettali fra passione personale e ricerca istituzionale

Questo contributo \ue8 dedicato alla figura di Georg Wenker (1852\u20131911) che \ue8 il padre dello Sprachatlas des Deutschen Reichs e, quindi, uno dei massimi esponenti della dialettologia tedesca. Il contributo fa parte degli atti del seminario dedicato alla memoria della figura e dell\u2019opera del Monsignor Cappelletti (1871\u20131958) perch\ue9 ambedue i personaggi si trovavano ai margini della ricerca istituzionale e erano spinti a lavorare sui dialetti da una forte passione personale

Ad nobilissi. et praestantissimvm dn. Vincentivm Rigemannvm

http://tartu.ester.ee/record=b2037933~S1*es

Sprachkartographie des Deutschen: von Schmeller bis zum Digitalen Wenker-Atlas

Die Konzeption und Realisierung von Dialektatlanten ist eine der aufw\ue4ndigsten Aufgaben, die innerhalb der Linguistik unternommen werden k\uf6nnen. Es handelt sich dabei in der Regel um Projekte, f\ufcr die mehrere Jahrzehnte veranschlagt werden m\ufcssen. In Zeiten leerer \uf6ffentlicher Kassen und kurzfristiger Erfolgserwartungen werden solche Projekte in der herk\uf6mmlichen Art zunehmend problematisch. Der vorliegende Beitrag ist deshalb ein Pl\ue4doyer f\ufcr die digitale Sprachkartographie. Mit den Mitteln der digitalen Sprachgeographie ist es m\uf6glich, die Fertigstellung von Atlasprojekten zu beschleunigen, Ergebnisse schon vor Abschluss der Gesamtprojekte verf\ufcgbar zu machen und Analysem\uf6glichkeiten zu schaffen, die die herk\uf6mmliche Sprachkartographie nicht bieten kann. Im Mittelpunkt des Beitrags stehen Georg Wenkers Sprachatlas des Deutschen Reichs (hier abgek\ufcrzt als Wenker-Atlas, WA), die gr\uf6 fte Unternehmung der deutschen Sprachkartographie des 19. Jahrhunderts, und der daraus am Marburger Forschungsinstitut f\ufcr deutsche Sprache entwickelte Digitale Wenker-Atlas (DiWA). Eine vollst\ue4ndige Beschreibung der deutschen oder gar internationalen Sprachgeographie ist nicht beabsichtigt. Stattdessen werden diejenigen Aspekte detailgenau beschrieben, durch die sich der WA und der DiWA von gleich oder \ue4hnlich ausgerichteten Dialektatlanten unterscheiden. Hinsichtlich des WA sind das vor allem die kartographischen, in Bezug auf den DiWA die kartographisch-computertechnischen Aspekte. Die praktische Handhabung des DiWA als Forschungsinstrument wird in einem gesonderten Abschnitt an einem Beispiel erl\ue4utert