Aquaculture technology adoption in Kapasia thana, Bangladesh: some preliminary results from farm record-keeping data

A report on the adoption by target farmers of three aquaculture technologies in Kapasia Thana, Bangladesh. Preliminary results indicate that there were significant changes in fish production and resource use by farmer-cooperators from their previous practices.Aquaculture systems, Technology transfer, Small scale aquaculture, Kapasia, Bangladesh,

Household socioeconomics, resource use and fish marketing in two thanas of Bangladesh

This is a report of a socioeconomic survey carried out on a sample of households from owners and operators of small waterbodies in two subdistricts in Gazipur, Bangladesh, to find out the benefits of aquaculture if introduced there. The findings indicate that improved aquaculture technology will benefit the owners and operators of the small water bodies, and that low-cost technologies for aquaculture must be promoted among poor and landless people in order for them to adopt aquaculture.Household surveys, Socioeconomics, Sociological aspects, Fish culture, Fishery economics, Fish consumption, Marketing, Bangladesh,

Frequency dependence of microflows upon acoustic interactions with fluids

Rayleigh surface acoustic waves (SAWs), generated on piezoelectric substrates, can interact with liquids to generate fast streaming flows. Although studied extensively, mainly phenomenologically, the effect of the SAW frequency on streaming in fluids in constrained volumes is not fully understood, resulting in sub-optimal correlations between models and experimental observations. Using microfluidic structures to reproducibly define the fluid volume, we use recent advances modeling the body force generated by SAWs to develop a deeper understanding of the effect of acoustic frequency on the magnitude of streaming flows. We implement this as a new predictive tool using a finite element model of fluid motion to establish optimized conditions for streaming. The model is corroborated experimentally over a range of different acoustic excitation frequencies enabling us to validate a design tool, linking microfluidic channel dimensions with frequencies and streaming efficiencies. We show that in typical microfluidic chambers, the length and height of the chamber are critical in determining the optimum frequency, with smaller geometries requiring higher frequencies

Socioeconomics and values of resources in great Lake-Tonle Sap and Mekong-Bassac area : results from a sample survey in Kampong Chhnang, Siem Reap and Kandal provinces, Cambodia

Socioeconomics aspects, Fishery economics, Cambodia,

Matterwave Transport Without Transit

Classically it is impossible to have transport without transit, i.e., if the points one, two and three lie sequentially along a path then an object moving from one to three must, at some point in time, be located at two. However, for a quantum particle in a three-well system it is possible to transport the particle between wells one and three such that the probability of finding it at any time in the classically accessible state in well two is negligible. We consider theoretically the analogous scenario for a Bose-Einstein condensate confined within a three well system. In particular, we predict the adiabatic transportation of an interacting Bose-Einstein condensate of 2000 Li atoms from well one to well three without transiting the allowed intermediate region. To an observer of this macroscopic quantum effect it would appear that, over a timescale of the order of one second, the condensate had transported, but not transited, a macroscopic distance of 20 microns between wells one and three.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

Chronic posttraumatic pseudoaneurysm of the thoracic aorta 55 Years after a blunt trauma - A case report with review of literature

Injuries of thoracic aorta due to blunt trauma carry very high mortality rates and studies estimated that less than 2% of people who sustain it remain alive if they were not diagnosed and treated appropriately. Moreover, even those lucky few live with the risk of rupture of the Pseudoaneurysm that can develop years to decades after the causative trauma culminating in the fatal internal hemorrhage. This paper reports a case of a 72-years-old Libyan male who sustained a blunt chest injury and multiple rib fractures 55 years ago that resulted in a large pseudoaneurysm of the arch of aorta

Spatially selecting single cell for lysis using light induced electric fields

An optoelectronic tweezing (OET) device, within an integrated microfluidic channel, is used to precisely select single cells for lysis among dense populations. Cells to be lysed are exposed to higher electrical fields than their neighbours by illuminating a photoconductive film underneath them. Using beam spot sizes as low as 2.5 μm, 100% lysis efficiency is reached in <1 min allowing the targeted lysis of cells

CUSTOMIZING STANDARD SOFTWARE AS A BUSINESS MODEL IN THE IT INDUSTRY: THE ROLE OF INTER-ORGANIZATIONAL NETWORKS AND OPEN INNOVATION

This research studies a new business model in the IT industry, the customization of standard software as the sole foundation for a software company's earnings. Based on a theoretical background which combines the concepts of inter-organizational networks and open innovation we provide an interpretive case study of a small software company which customizes a standard product. We investigate the company's interactions with a large global software company which is the producer of the original software product and with other companies which are involved in the software customization process. We find that the customizing company and software customizations depend not only on initiatives which are set off internally in the company, but on how the customizing organization's inter-organizational network and interaction with other organizations is built up. The case company has built its network primarily on complex, formal partnerships, in which also opportunistic behavior occurs and where informal relations are invaluable sources of knowledge. In addition, the original software producer's view and treatment of these companies has a vital impact on the customizing company's practice which is influenced by the open innovation initiatives which the producer of the original software instigates

Community Based Fisheries Management: Institutional Options for Empowering Fisher Communities

This report sheds light on the diversity of approaches adopted by the various project partners, along with lessons learned during the Community Based Fisheries Management Project (CBFM-2). CBFM 2 was the second phase of an action research project designed to establish whether the sustainable management of publicly owned and private water bodies can be carried out by community groups consisting largely of poor fishers. The first phase implemented by the Department of Fisheries, with the assistance of the WorldFish Center and supported by the Ford Foundation, demonstrated that the approach was possible in a limited number of water bodies. The second phase, with assistance from the DFID-UK, involved a much greater range of water bodies (target 120, final number 116) with a range of partners -- the Department of Fisheries (DoF), the implementing NGOs, Banchte Shekha, BRAC, CARITAS, CNRS, CRED, GHARONI, Proshika, SDC, SHISUK, and the specialist NGOs, BELA for legal assistance and FemCom for media communications. A wide range of institutional arrangements have been established under the project. Many of the project documents state that there are three main fisheries management approaches; fisher-led, community-led and women-led. The definitions of the three approaches were: 1. Fisher-led Approach -- Forming groups among the fishers for using each water body and then a committee or organisation representing these groups and taking management decisions in a participatory manner; 2. Community-led Approach -- Participatory approach at the community level. Fishery managed by the community where participatory planning with different stakeholders is followed by forming a water body management committee according to the suggestions of all stakeholder categories; 3. Women-led Approach -- Ensure participatory planning involving the whole community covering all stakeholders, with groups usually formed with women (in some cases, mixed groups with men and women), and the women's group members take a lead in resource management. However these definitions fail to capture the full diversity of approaches adopted by project partners during implementation. By the end of the project, 10 different organisations had been involved in setting up community groups to manage CBFM-2 sites

Identifying Unauthorized Transactions On Credit Cards By Using Machine Learning Methodologies

It is essential for organizations that issue credit cards to be able to recognize fraudulent credit card transactions. This will prevent consumers from being charged for products that they did not buy with their credit card. The purpose of this project is to demonstrate the modelling of a data set via use of machine learning for the detection of credit card fraud. The problem of detecting fraudulent use of credit cards requires modelling previously completed credit card transactions using the information from those that were determined to be fraudulent. After that, this model is put to use to determine whether or not a new transaction constitutes fraudulent activity. Our goal is to appropriately handle misclassified categories by reducing the number of false Negative cases. During this stage of the process, our primary focuses have been on the analysis and preprocessing of data sets, as well as the application of multiple anomaly detection algorithms these algorithms include the local outlier factor and the isolation forest algorithm. We have used IEEE_CIS Fraud dataset, provided by the kaggle .we applied feature extraction technique to reduce the dimensionality of large dataset by extracting only those principle components with highest variance. Given the class imbalance ratio, we measured the accuracy using the Area Under the Precision-Recall Curve (AUPRC) which gives better results than any other previously used models