Crescimento individual de Drepanotrema cimex (Moricand, 1839) (Pulmonata, Planorbidae) de Arenalcito, Reserva Natural de Usos Múltiples “Isla Martín García”, Argentina

The species of the genus Drepanotrema, most of them endemic to the Neotropical region, belong to the Planorbidae. Of the nine species of this genus, six are found in Argentina. The present investigation analysed the individual growth of Drepanotrema cimex in Arenalcito pond (34°11’ S, 58°15’ W), Martín García Island Natural Reserve of Multiple Uses, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. A total of 14 samples were collected (n = 1931) from February 2006 to June 2007. Five environmental variables were measured: water temperature, dissolved oxygen (mg L-1), electrical conductivity (S cm-1), total dissolved solids, and pH. The individual growth of the species was analysed mathematically by means of the von Bertalanffy equation, where: Lt = 5,6(1-e-2,0592 (t-0,293)). The parameter L was estimated by the Ford-Walford Method. The population of D. cimex was characterised by a complex and dynamic size structure throughout the annual cycle. The analysis of the curves revealed unimodal (2006) and polymodal (April to June 2007) distributions, which pattern served to identify the existence of cohorts within the population studied.As espécies do gênero Drepanotrema, a maioria delas endêmicas da região Neotropical, pertencem ao Planorbidae. Das nove espécies desta família, seis são encontradas na Argentina. Este artigo analisa o crescimento individual de Drepanotrema cimex na lagoa de Arenalcito, Reserva Natural de Usos Múltiples Ilha Martín García, Buenos Aires, Argentina (34°11’ S - 58°15’ W). A amostragem foi realizada entre fevereiro de 2006 e junho de 2007. Durante o curso das campanhas foram obtidas 14 amostras (n = 1931). Cinco variáveis ambientais foram medidas: temperatura da água, oxigênio dissolvido (mg L-1), condutividade elétrica (uS cm-1), sólidos dissolvidos e pH. O crescimento individual das espécies foi analisada matematicamente por meio da equação de von Bertalanffy em que: Lt = 5,6 (1-e-2, 0592 (t-0, 293)). O paràmetro L foi estimada pe lo método de Ford-Walford. A população de D.cimex foi caracterizada por uma estrutura complexa e dinâmica de tamanho ao longo do ciclo anual. A análise das curvas mostrou distribuições unimodais (2006) e polimodais (abril-junho 2007), identificando a existência de coortes na população estudada.Fil: Martín, Stella Maris. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División de Zoología Invertebrados; Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Díaz, Ana Carolina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División de Zoología Invertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Rumi, A.. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División de Zoología Invertebrados; Argentin

Do Clustering Monoclonal Antibody Solutions Really Have a Concentration Dependence of Viscosity?

AbstractProtein solution rheology data in the biophysics literature have incompletely identified factors that govern hydrodynamics. Whereas spontaneous protein adsorption at the air/water (A/W) interface increases the apparent viscosity of surfactant-free globular protein solutions, it is demonstrated here that irreversible clusters also increase system viscosity in the zero shear limit. Solution rheology measured with double gap geometry in a stress-controlled rheometer on a surfactant-free Immunoglobulin solution demonstrated that both irreversible clusters and the A/W interface increased the apparent low shear rate viscosity. Interfacial shear rheology data showed that the A/W interface yields, i.e., shows solid-like behavior. The A/W interface contribution was smaller, yet nonnegligible, in double gap compared to cone-plate geometry. Apparent nonmonotonic composition dependence of viscosity at low shear rates due to irreversible (nonequilibrium) clusters was resolved by filtration to recover a monotonically increasing viscosity-concentration curve, as expected. Although smaller equilibrium clusters also existed, their size and effective volume fraction were unaffected by filtration, rendering their contribution to viscosity invariant. Surfactant-free antibody systems containing clusters have complex hydrodynamic response, reflecting distinct bulk and interface-adsorbed protein as well as irreversible cluster contributions. Literature models for solution viscosity lack the appropriate physics to describe the bulk shear viscosity of unstable surfactant-free antibody solutions

Severe anemia in late pregnancy: a retrospective study at a tertiary care rural medical college in Gujarat, India

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy is the commonest medical disorder in developing countries like India. It has multifactorial etiology and is associated with increased maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The study aimed at analyzing the socio-demographic variables and also the maternal and perinatal outcome of pregnant women admitted to labour room with severe anaemia (Hb <7 gm%) late in pregnancy.Methods: This is a retrospective observational study done at a tertiary care rural medical college in Gujarat over a 3 year period from January 2014 to December 2016.Results: Results of the study were analyzed. Out of 3963 deliveries during the study period 225 (5.6%) patients were severely anaemic. There were 177 (78.6%) unbooked patients and 169 (75.1%) were multigravidas. Majority of patients belonged to under 24 yr age group. Maternal complications were in form of preterm labour (44%), pre-eclampsia-ecclampsia (24.8%), cardiac failure (2.2%), PPH (2.2%) maternal death (0.4%). Neonatal outcome was analyzed in terms of prematurity (44%), LBW (24.8%), NICU admission (15.1%), still birth (4.4%), neonatal death (11.5%).Conclusions: Severe anaemia during pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcome. It is also one of the preventable indirect cause of maternal mortality. Imparting health education to adolescent girls, regular antenatal check-ups, early diagnosis and treatment along with active participation of ASHA workers at grass-root level might help in bringing down the prevalence. A more focused approach is warranted towards pregnant women in rural and underdeveloped areas of India

Hubungan Asupan Lemak dan Natrium Dengan Tekanan Darah Pada Lansia Di Desa Blulukan Kecamatan Colomadu, Kabupaten karanganyar

Pendahuluan: Lansia sangat rentan dengan berbagai penyakit yang bersifat sementara atau menahun diantaranya hipertensi. Beberapa faktor risiko yang dapat mempengaruhi hipertensi antara lain: umur, jenis kelamin, merokok, stress, konsumsi alkohol, konsumsi garam dan obesitas. Asupan Makan yang berlebih dapat menyebabkan obesitas, misalnya karena penumpukan lemak. Faktor lain dari asupan makan yang dapat mempengaruhi tekanan darah, misalnya konsumsi natrium yang berlebih. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan asupan lemak dan natrium dengan tekanan darah pada lansia di Desa Blulukan Kecamatan Colomadu Kabupaten Karanganyar. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Jumlah subjek penelitian sebanyak 43 dipilih dengan metode simpel stratified sampling. Data asupan lemak dan natrium diperoleh dengan menggunakan Recall konsumsi makan 24 jam selama 4 hari tidak berturut-turut dan data pengukuran tekanan darah diperoleh dari data posyandu bulan maret tahun 2015 yang dilakukan tenaga kesehatan. Uji kenormalan data menggunakan Kolmogorov- Smirnov Test dan uji hubungan menggunakan rank sperman. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asupan lemak paling banyak adalah asupan defisit 41,9%, asupan natrium paling banyak adalah asupan defisit 74,4% dan pengukuran tekanan darah menunjukkan tekanan darah normal 55,8%. Hasil uji hubungan nilai p value >0,05 (p 0,155 dan p 0,879), Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan asupan lemak dan natrium dengan tekanan darah pada lansia di Desa Blulukan Kecamatan Colomadu Kabupaten Karanganyar

Review: Genetic manipulation of the rodent placenta

The principal role of the placenta is the maintenance of pregnancy and promotion of fetal growth and viability. The use of transgenic rodents has greatly enhanced our understanding of placental development and function. However, embryonic lethality is often a confounding variable in determining whether a genetic modification adversely affected placental development. In these cases, it is beneficial to specifically manipulate the placental genome. The purpose of this review is to summarize available methodologies for specific genetic modification of the rodent placenta. By restricting genetic alterations to the trophoblast lineage, it is possible to gain a deeper understanding of placental development that perhaps will lead to gene-targeted therapies to rescue irregular placentation in transgenic animals or in women at high-risk for placenta-associated pregnancy complications

Microbiological quality of some common dairy beverages available in Dhaka University campus of Bangladesh

Dairy beverages are nutritious and also highly susceptible to bacterial contamination posing a threat to human health. In recent years, production and consumption of dairy beverages are rapidly increasing in Bangladesh; however, the presence of bacteria including human pathogens in commonly consumed dairy beverages has not been evaluated before. Here, we focused on microbiological quality of some dairy beverages available in Dhaka University campus. We examined 25 samples from five different items locally named as Lassi, Labang, Borhani, Pistachio nut sherbet, and Strawberry milkshake. Non-selective medium PCA and different selective agar media such as MacConkey, SS, EMB, and TCBS, and Cooked Meat were used for isolation. Antibiotic resistance was assessed by disk diffusion method against Ampicillin, Colistin, Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Ceftriaxon, and Gentamycin. In PCA medium, Labang and Strawberry milkshake, respectively, showed the highest (3.6 × 107 CFU/mL) and the lowest (1.76 × 103 CFU/mL) bacterial count. In MacConkey and EMB media, the highest bacterial growths were, respectively, shown by Pistachio nut sherbet (1.22 × 104 CFU/mL) and Lassi (2.96 × 103 CFU/mL) whereas no growth was observed for Borhani. Strawberry milkshake was found with the highest bacterial prevalence such as E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Pseudomonas Bacillus, Micrococcus, and Streptococcus whereas Borhani and Labang contained the lowest variety of bacteria. Isolates such as Shigella, Aeromonas, Micrococcus, Bacillus, Streptococcus, and Proteus were multi-drug resistant to Ampicillin and Colistin. Findings indicated that examined samples contained health risk factor. Findings may help relevant stakeholders to consider food safety issues of dairy beverages during processing, marketing, and consumption

Adaptive mechanisms controlling uterine spiral artery remodeling during the establishment of pregnancy

Implantation of the embryo into the uterus triggers the initiation of hemochorial placentation. The hemochorial placenta facilitates the acquisition of maternal resources required for embryo/fetal growth. Uterine spiral arteries form the nutrient supply line for the placenta and fetus. This vascular conduit undergoes gestation stage-specific remodeling directed by maternal natural killer cells and embryo-derived invasive trophoblast lineages. The placentation site, including remodeling of the uterine spiral arteries, is shaped by environmental challenges. In this review, we discuss the cellular participants controlling pregnancy-dependent uterine spiral artery remodeling and mechanisms responsible for their development and function. © 2014 UBC Press