HIST 173: Old World and New World Encounters Course Redesign

Poster summarizing course redesign activities for HIST 173: Old World and New World Encounters.https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/davinci_itcr2014/1001/thumbnail.jp

University Scholar Series: Ruma Chopra

Choosing Sides: Loyalists in Revolutionary America On April 30, 2014, Dr. Ruma Chopra spoke in the University Scholar Series hosted by Interim Provost Andy Feinstein at the Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Library. In this talk, Dr. Chopra discusses colonial resistance to the American Revolution. Dr. Chopra’s book, Choosing Sides: Loyalists in Revolutionary America, details arguments given by America’s original colonists, including slaves and Native Americans, against the formation of the United States. Even hundreds of years into America’s existence, these arguments are echoed and championed both within and beyond our borders. Dr. Chopra is an Associate Professor in the Department of History at SJSU.https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/uss/1030/thumbnail.jp

KEPALA MADRASAH SEBAGAI PEMIMPIN (LEADER) PENDIDIKAN

Abstract Leadership is the ability to exert a constructive influence on others to make cooperative efforts to achieve planned goals. As a madrasah education leader, a madrasah head organizes the madrasa and the personnel who work in it into an efficient, democratic, and institutional cooperative situation that depends on the expertise of the workers. Under his leadership, educational programs for students had to be planned, organized and organized. Keyword: Head of Madrasah, Education Leade

Hydrogen Sulfide: Redox Metabolism and Signaling

The recognition of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as an endogenously produced gas with signaling potential has stimulated research on a multitude of physiological effects mediated in the cardiovascular, immune, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, endocrine, and central nervous systems. The heightened activity in the area of H2S biology led to convening of the first international conference on H2S in Shanghai in the summer of 2009 and to two Forum issues published in 2010 by Antioxidants & Redox Signaling on the physiological effects of H2S. Yet, fundamental questions regarding the biogenesis and regulation of H2S, the bioenergetics of its catabolism, its tissue concentrations, and elucidation of its molecular targets remain. Some of these issues are the subject of the current Forum on H2S. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 15, 339-341.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90431/1/ars-2E2011-2E3912.pd

Representation of Somatosensory Afferents in the Cortical Autonomic Network

The relationship between somatosensory stimulation and the autonomic nervous system has been established with effects on heart rate (HR) and sympathetic tone. However, the involvement of the cortical autonomic network (CAN) during muscle sensory afferent stimulation has not been identified. The main objective of the research in this dissertation was to determine the representation of somatosensory afferents in the CAN and their physiologic impact on cardiovascular control. Somatosensory afferent activation was elicited by electrical stimulation of type I and II afferents (sub-motor threshold) and type III and IV afferents (motor threshold), and CAN patterns were assessed using blood-oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging. Study 1 (Chapter 2) established CAN regions associated with sub-motor stimulation including the ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vMPFC), subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sACC), and posterior insula, along with a trend towards increased heart rate variability (HRV). Motor threshold stimulation was associated with activation in the posterior insula. Having established the CAN regions affected by sensory afferent input, diffusion tensor imaging was used (Chapter 3) to establish structural connections between the cortical regions associated with functional cardiovascular control. We identified two discrete patterns of white matter connectivity between the anterior insula-sACC and posterior insula-posterior cingulate cortex, suggesting that a structural network may underlie functional roles in autonomic regulation and sensory processing. As somatosensory stimulation had modest impact on cardiovascular control under baseline conditions, Study 3 (Chapter 4) aimed to establish the effects of somatosensory stimulation during baroreceptor unloading (lower-body negative pressure, LBNP) on muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and cortical activity. Sensory stimulation during LBNP led to an attenuated increase in MSNA burst frequency, as well as absent activity in the right insula and dorsal ACC, supporting the sympatho-excitatory role of these regions. No effect of somatosensory stimulation during chemoreflex-mediated sympatho-excitation was observed on MSNA, while right insular and dorsal ACC activities were maintained. Overall, the results of these studies provide evidence of somatosensory representation within the CAN regions that are anatomically linked, and highlight a role for type I and II sensory afferents in modulating autonomic outflow in a manner that depends upon baroreceptor loading