19 research outputs found
Continuous Regional Arterial Infusion with Fluorouracil and Octreotide Attenuates Severe Acute Pancreatitis in a Canine Model
Aim: To investigate the therapeutic effects of fluorouracil (5-Fu) and octreotide (Oct) continuous regional arterial infusion (CRAI,) alone or in combination, was administered in a canine model of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Materials and Methods: The animals were divided into five groups; group A (Sham), group B (SAP), group C (SAP and 5-Fu), group D (SAP and Oct), and group E (SAP and 5-Fu + Oct). Levels of amylase, alpha-tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, thromboxane B2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha were measured both before and after the induction of SAP. Pathologic examination of the pancreas and kidneys was performed after termination of the study. Results: Pathologic changes noted in the pancreas in SAP significantly improved following CRAI with either single or combined administration of 5-Fu and Oct, where combination therapy demonstrated the lowest injury score. All treatment groups had significantly lower levels of serum TNF-alpha and amylase activity (P<0.05), though only groups D and E had a lower BUN level as compared to group B. The plasma thromboxane B-2 level increased in SAP, but the ratio of thromboxane B-2/6-keto-prostaglandin F-1 alpha decreased in the treatment groups, with the combination therapy (group E) demonstrating the lowest ratio as compared to the other 3 experimental groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: The findings in the present study demonstrate an attenuation of SAP in a canine model following CRAI administration with 5-Fu or Oct, alone or in combination
Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in European Wildlife
Staphylococcus aureus is a well-known colonizer and cause of infection among
animals and it has been described from numerous domestic and wild animal
species. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular
epidemiology of S. aureus in a convenience sample of European wildlife and to
review what previously has been observed in the subject field. 124 S. aureus
isolates were collected from wildlife in Germany, Austria and Sweden; they
were characterized by DNA microarray hybridization and, for isolates with
novel hybridization patterns, by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The
isolates were assigned to 29 clonal complexes and singleton sequence types
(CC1, CC5, CC6, CC7, CC8, CC9, CC12, CC15, CC22, CC25, CC30, CC49, CC59, CC88,
CC97, CC130, CC133, CC398, ST425, CC599, CC692, CC707, ST890, CC1956, ST2425,
CC2671, ST2691, CC2767 and ST2963), some of which (ST2425, ST2691, ST2963)
were not described previously. Resistance rates in wildlife strains were
rather low and mecA-MRSA isolates were rare (n = 6). mecC-MRSA (n = 8) were
identified from a fox, a fallow deer, hares and hedgehogs. The common cattle-
associated lineages CC479 and CC705 were not detected in wildlife in the
present study while, in contrast, a third common cattle lineage, CC97, was
found to be common among cervids. No Staphylococcus argenteus or
Staphylococcus schweitzeri-like isolates were found. Systematic studies are
required to monitor the possible transmission of human- and livestock-
associated S. aureus/MRSA to wildlife and vice versa as well as the possible
transmission, by unprotected contact to animals. The prevalence of S.
aureus/MRSA in wildlife as well as its population structures in different
wildlife host species warrants further investigation
Differentiation of West Nile Virus-Infected Animals from Vaccinated Animals by Competitive ELISA Using Monoclonal Antibodies Against Non-Structural Protein 1
Multiple organ failure syndrome in the newborn: morphological and immunohistochemical data
Methodologies for the quantitative estimation of toxicant dose to cigarette smokers using physical, chemical and bioanalytical data
Rapid Nicotine Clearance is Associated with Greater Reward and Heart Rate Increases from Intravenous Nicotine
Energy drinks and population health: consumption pattern and adverse effects among Saudi population
The Effect of Chronic Long-Term Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia on Bone Mineral Density in Rats: Role of Nitric Oxide
Intermittent hypoxia is the most common pattern of hypoxic exposure in humans. The effect of chronic long-term intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (CLTIHH) on bone metabolism is not investigated. We examined the effect of CLTIHH on bone metabolism and the role of nitric oxide (NO) in this process. The rats were divided into three groups in this study. The animals in groups I and II have been exposed to CLTIHH. The animals in group II were also treated with nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. To obtain CLTIHH, rats were placed in a hypobaric chamber (430 mm Hg; 5 h/day, 5 days/week, 5 weeks). The group III (control) rats breathed room air in the same environment. At the begining of the experiments, bone mineral density (BMD) of the animals were measured, and blood samples were collected from the tail vein. After the 5-week CLTIHH period, the same measurements were repeated. Parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphate, bone alkaline phosphatase (b-ALP), NO, interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels were determined. The cytokines, NO levels, and BMD in CLTIHH-induced rats were higher compared with baseline and control values. The cytokines, b-ALP, and BMD increased while NO levels decreased in the group II compared with baseline values. BMD values of group II were lower than group I but higher than control group. Our results suggested that CLTIHH has positive effects on bone density. Intermittent hypoxia protocols may be developed for treatment and prevention of osteopenia and osteoporosis