Is adolescent pregnancy a risk factor for low birth weight?

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether adolescent pregnancy is a risk factor for low birth weight (LBW) babies. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of mothers and their newborns from a birth cohort in Aracaju, Northeastern Brazil. Data were collected consecutively from March to July 2005. Information collected included socioeconomic, biological and reproductive aspects of the mothers, using a standardized questionnaire. The impact of early pregnancy on birth weight was evaluated by multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: We studied 4,746 pairs of mothers and their babies. Of these, 20.6% were adolescents (< 20 years of age). Adolescent mothers had worse socioeconomic and reproductive conditions and perinatal outcomes when compared to other age groups. Having no prenatal care and smoking during pregnancy were the risk factors associated with low birth weight. Adolescent pregnancy, when linked to marital status "without partner", was associated with an increased proportion of low birth weight babies. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescence was a risk factor for LBW only for mothers without partners. Smoking during pregnancy and lack of prenatal care were considered to be independent risk factors for LBW

Frequência de Escherichia coli e sua sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos em menores de cinco anos hospitalizados por diarreia aguda The frequency of Escherichia coli and its sensitivity to antimicrobials in children aged under five years admitted to hospital for treatment of acute diarrhea

OBJETIVOS: determinar a frequência de Escherichia coli diarreiogênica e sua sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos em menores de cinco anos hospitalizados por diarreia aguda. MÉTODOS: estudo prospectivo tipo corte transversal realizado no Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira, entre janeiro de 2010 e fevereiro de 2011. Foram excluídas as crianças com diagnóstico de imunodeficiência ou usando antimicrobianos. Para cada paciente foi feito uma única coleta de swab retal nas primeiras 24 horas de internação. Os patógenos foram identificados na coprocultura e sorotipagem. Os antibiogramas foram obtidos por disco-difusão. RESULTADOS: 140 crianças foram arroladas, em sua maioria provinham de famílias de baixa renda da Região Metropolitana do Recife. Foram isolados 99 microorganismos: 9 (6,4%) E. coli enteropatogênica (EPEC) e 4 (2,9%) E. coli enteroinvasora (EIEC) e 80 (57,1%) outras E.coli não EPEC, não EIEC, 3 (2,1%) Shigella spp e 3 (2,1%) Salmonella spp. O perfil de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos demonstrou níveis elevados de resistência à ampicilina e sulfametoxazol-trimetoprima. CONCLUSÕES: a baixa frequência de EPEC observada pode estar associada às condições de saneamento básico favoráveis apresentadas pelos pacientes do estudo. A análise local do perfil da sensibilidade da E. coli aos antimicrobianos reforça a recomendação da Organização Mundial de Saúde para o uso racional dessas drogas visando prevenção da resistência bacteriana.<br>OBJECTIVES: to determine the frequency of diarrheic Escherichia coli and its sensitivity to antimicrobials in children aged under five years admitted to hospital for treatment of acute diarrhea. METHODS: a prospective cross-sectional study was carried out at the Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira, between January 2010 and February 2011. Children were excluded if they had been diagnosed as immunodeficient or were using antimicrobials. A single rectal swab was taken from each patient during the first 24 hours of hospitalization. The pathogens were identified in the coproculture and serotyping. Antibiograms were obtained using disc-diffusion. RESULTS: 140 children were recruited. Most were from low-income families in the Metropolitan Region of Recife. Ninety-nine micro-organisms were isolated: 9 (6.4%) enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and 4 (2.9%) enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) and 80 (57.1%) other E.coli that are neither EPEC nor EIEC, 3 (2.1%) Shigella spp and 3 (2.1%) Salmonella spp. The profile of sensitivity to antimicrobials showed high levels to resistance to ampicillin and sulfametho-xazol-trimetropime. CONCLUSIONS: the low frequency of EPEC found may be associated with basic sanitary conditions among the patients in the study. The local analysis of the profile of sensitivity of E. coli to antimicrobials corroborates the World Health Organization recommendation that these drugs be used prudently to ensure prevention of resistance in bacteria

Oral manifestations of 17 patients affected with mucopolysaccharidosis type VI

To assess oral manifestations of 17 patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (MPS VI) or Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome