The Use Of Fish In Ilhabela (são Paulo/brazil): Preferences, Food Taboos And Medicinal Indications [o Uso De Peixes Em Ilhabela (são Paulo, Brasil): Preferências, Tabus Alimentares E Indicações Medicinais]

This study was conducted in three communities of artisanal fishermen from Ilhabela, located on the northern coast of São Paulo, Brazil. The objective was to analyze the preferences, taboos and medicinal indications of fish and thus representing one of the interactions of fishermen with fish stocks. Data collection was conducted through interviews with the aid of semi-structured questionnaires. We interviewed 25 families, 29 residents in three communities studied during our fieldwork for data collection. Five interviews were done in Jabaquara Beach, 6 in Fome Beach and 14 Serraria Beach. During the interviews, 18 species were cited as preferred for consumption, 11 species considered to be taboo (food prohibited), 5 species were cited as avoided as food, and 4 species indicated in case of illness. The families of fishermen prefer to consume finfish and do not consume puffer fish, the latter probably due to its toxic characteristic. Fish such as little tunny, largehead hairtail, shark, serra mackerel and king mackerel are avoided by unhealthy people and in cases of wounds, inflammation, pregnancy and postpartum. Other fish, such as sea chubs, silver porgy, bluefish and grouper are reported as medicinal in these situations. Aspects related to fish consumption are part of the knowledge of fishermen and their families and provide a wealth of information that combined to biological information is useful for the conservation of fishery resources. Data such as those presented in this study, regarding the use of aquatic animals for treatment of diseases, could serve as a basis for future studies on substances that contain active elements in curing diseases.1212129Alves, R.R.N., Alves, H.N., The faunal drugstore: Animal-based remedies used in tradicional medicines in Latin America (2011) J. Ethnobiol. AndEthnomed, 7, p. 9. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-7-9, PMid:21385357. PMCid:3060860Alves, R.R.N., Rosa, I.L., Why study the use of animal products in tradicional medicines (2005) J. Ethnobiol. AndEthnomed, 1 (5), pp. 2-15Begossi, A., Tabus Alimentares na Ilha de Búzios, Uma Comunidade de Pescadores (1989) Pesca Artesanal: Tradição E Modernidade, pp. 253-262. , (A.C. Diegues, org.). Programa de Pesquisa e Conservação de Áreas Úmidas no Brasil,São PauloBegossi, A., Food Taboos at Búzios Island (Brazil): Their Significance and Relation to Folk Medicine (1992) J. Ethnobiol, 12 (1), pp. 117-139Begossi, A., (1998) Food Taboos- a Scientific Reason? InPlants For Food and Medicine, pp. 41-46. , (H.D.V.Prendergast, N.Etkin, D.R. Harris & P.J. Houghton, eds.). Royal Botanic Gardens, KewBegossi, A., Braga, F.M.S., Food Taboos and Folk Medicine among Fishermen from the Tocantins River (Brazil) (1992) Amazoniana, 12 (1), pp. 101-118Begossi, A., Richerson, P.J., The Animal Diet of Families from Búzios Island (Brazil): An Optimal Foraging Approach (1992) J. Hum. Ecol, 3 (2), pp. 433-458Begossi, A., Hanazaki, N., Ramos, R.M., Food chain and the reasons for fish food taboos among Amazonian and Atlantic forest fishers (Brazil) (2004) Ecol. Appl, 14 (5), pp. 1334-1343. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/03-5072Begossi, A., Hanazaki, N., Ramos, R.M., Healthy fish: Medicinal and recommended species in the Amazon and Atlantic Forest Coast (Brazil) (2006) Eating and Healing: Traditional Food As Medicine, , A. Pieroni & L.L. Prince). The Haworth Press, New YorkBuckel, J.A., Fogarty, M.J., Conover, D.O., Foraging habitats of bluefish, Pomatomussaltatrix, on the U.S. east coast continental shelf.Fish (1999) Bull, 97 (4), pp. 758-775Carpenter, K.E., FAO Species identification sheets for fishery purposes (2002) The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Atlantic, pp. 1-3. , (fishing area 31). Roma, FAO, vCarvalho, F.A., (1999) Peixes: Costa Brasileira, , Melro, São PauloColding, J., Folke, C., The Relations among Threatened Species, Their Protection, and Taboos (1997) Conserv. Ecol, 1 (1), p. 6. , http://www.consecol.org/vol1/iss1/art6Colding, J., Folke, C., The taboo system: Lessons about informal institutions for nature management. Georgetown I (2000) Environ. Law Rev, 12, pp. 413-445Colding, J., Folke, C., Social taboos: "invisible" systems of local resource management and biological conservation (2000) Ecol. Appl, 11 (2), pp. 584-600Costa-Neto, E.M., Restrições e preferências alimentares em comunidades de pescadores do município de Conde, Estado da Bahia, Brasil (2000) Rev. Nutr, 13 (2), pp. 117-126. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1415-52732000000200006Costa-Neto, E.M., Marques, J.G.W., Faunistic Resources Used as Medicines by Artisanal Fishermen From Siribinha Beach, State of Bahia, Brazil (2000) J. Ethnobiol, 20 (1), pp. 93-109Dyer, W.J., Amines in fish muscle. I. Colorimetric determination of trimethylamine as the picrate salt (1945) J. Fish Res. Board Can, 6, pp. 351-358. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f42-042Ferreira, F.S., Brito, S.V., Ribeiro, S.C., Almeida, W.O., Alves, R.R.N., Zootherapeutics utilized by residentes of the community Poço Dantas, Crato-CE (2009) Brasil. J. Ethnobiol. and Ethnomed, 5, p. 21. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-5-21, PMid:19656376. PMCid:2731045Figueiredo, J.L., Menezes, N.A., (1980) Manual De Peixes Marinhos Do Sudeste Do Brasil: III. Teleostei, p. 2. , Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, São PauloFigueiredo, J.L., Menezes, N.A., (2000) Manual De Peixes Marinhos Do Sudeste Do Brasil: VI, , Teleostei (5). Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, São PauloFraser, O.P., Sumar, S., Compositional changes and spoilage in fish (part II) - microbiological inducet deterioration (1998) Nutr. Food Sci, 6, pp. 325-329. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659810235242Froese, R., Pauly, D., (2011) FishBase, , www.fishbase.org, últimoacessoem08/2011Haddad, V., (2008) Animais Aquáticos Potencialmente Perigosos Do Brasil: Guia Médico E Biológico, , Editora Roca, São PauloHalstead, B.W., (1988) Poisonous and Venomous Marine Animals of the World.2nd Ed, , The Darwin Press INC. Princeton, New JerseyHanazaki, N., Preferências e Tabus Alimentares entre Pescadores do Litoral Paulista: Particularidades do Conhecimento Local (2002) IV Simpósio Brasileiro De Etnobiologia E Etnoecologia, pp. 57-72. , Atualidades em Etnobiologia e Etnoecologia (U.P.Albuquerque, A.G.C.Alves, A.C.B.L. Silva & V.A. Silva, orgs.). Recife: Sociedade Brasileira de Etnobiologia e EtnoecologiaPalestras do RecifeHanazaki, N., Begossi, A., Fishing and niche dimension for food consumption of caiçaras from Ponta do Almada (Brazil) (2000) Hum. Ecol. Rev, 7 (2), pp. 52-62Hanazaki, N., Begossi, A., Catfish and Mullets: The food preferences and taboos of caiçaras (Southern Atlantic Forest Coast, Brazil) (2006) Interciencia, 31 (2), pp. 123-129Hanazaki, N., Leitão, F.H., Begossi, A., Uso de Recursos na Mata Atlântica: O Caso da Ponta do Almada (Ubatuba-Brasil) (1996) Interciencia, 21 (6), pp. 268-276Herndon, C.N., Uiterloo, M., Uremaru, A., Plotkin, M.J., Emanuels-Smith, G., Jitan, J., Disease concepts and treatment by tribal healers of an Amazonian Forest culture (2009) J. Ethnobiol. and Ethnomed, 5, p. 27. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-5-27, PMid:19821968. PMCid:2774292Hilgert, N.I., Gil, G.E., Reproductive medicine in northwest Argentina: Traditional and institutional systems (2007) J. Ethnobiol. and Ethnomed, 3, p. 19. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-3-19, PMid:17475013. PMCID:1876447Huss, H.H., (1993) Assurance of Seafood Quality, , Ministry of Fisheries Technical University, LyngbyLeitão, M.F.F., Deterioração microbiana do pescado e sua importância em saúde pública (1984) Hig. Alim, 3 (3-4), pp. 143-152Lev, E., Healing with animals in the Levant from the 10th to the 18th century (2006) J. Ethnobiol. and Ethnomed, 2, p. 11. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-2-11, PMid:16504024. PMCid:1402264Lucena, F.M., Vaske Jr., T., Ellis, J.R., O'brien, C.M., Seasonal variation in the diets of bluefish, Pomatomussaltatrix (Pomatomidae) and striped weakfish, Cynoscionguatucupa (Sciaenidade) in southern Brazil: Implications of food partitioning (2000) Environ. Biol. Fisches, 57, pp. 423-434. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007604424423Macpherson, E., Gordoa, A., Gárcia-Rubies, A., Biomass size spectra in littoral fishes in protected and unpretected areas in the NW Mediterranean (2002) Estuar.Coast. Shelf Sci, 55, pp. 777-788. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ecss.2001.0939Madi, E., Begossi, A., Pollution and Food Taboos: A Practical Reason? (1997) Human Ecology, 8 (6), pp. 405-408Mahawar, M.M., Jaroli, D.P., Animals and their products utilized as medicines by the inhabitants surrounding the Ranthambhore National Park (2006) India. J. Ethnobiol. and Ethnomed, 2 (46). , http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-2-46, PMid:17081314. PMCid:1636027Mahawar, M.M., Jaroli, D.P., Traditional knowledge on zootherapeutic uses by the Saharia tribe of Rajasthan, India (2007) J. Ethnobiol. and Ethnomed, 3, p. 25. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-3-25, PMid:17547781. PMCid:1892771Martins, A.S., Haimovici, M., Distribution, abundance and biological of the cutssfish Trichiuruslepturus in the southern Brazil subtropical convergence ecosystem (1997) Fish.Res, 30, pp. 217-227. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-7836(96)00566-Mausse, E.C.J., (2000) Shelf Life of Red Fish Stored In Ice and Modified Atmosphere (MA) and Some Aspects On the Development of a Quality Index Method (QIM) Scheme For Red Fish Stored In: MA, p. 2000. , Beira, Mozambique.Fisheries Training Programme. The United Nations University Final ProjectMcDonald, D.R., Food taboos: A primitive Environmental Protection Agency (South America) (1977) Anthropos, 72 (516), pp. 734-748Meyer-Rochow, V.B., Food taboos: Their origins and purposes (2009) J. Ethnobiol. AndEthnomed, 5, p. 18. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-5-18, PMid:19563636. PMcid:2711054Ogawa, M., 1999. Tecnologia do pescado Manual De Pesca.Ciência E Tecnologia Do Pescado, p. 430. , OGAWA, M.MAIA, E.L. (Eds).São Paulo: VarelaOliveira, J.S., (1998) Determinação Dos Níveis De Toxicidade Em Peixes Marinhos Da Família Tetraodontidae (Osteichthyes, Teleostei), , Dissertação de Mestrado, Universidade de São Paulo, São PauloPezzuti, J., (2004) Tabus Alimentares. In Ecologia De Pescadores Da Mata Atlântica E Da Amazônia.Begossi, A. (org), , São Paulo: HucitecReyes-García, V., The relevance of traditional knowledge systems for ethnopharmacological research: Theoretical and methodological contributions (2010) J. Ethnobiol. AndEthnomed, 6, p. 32. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-6-32, PMID:21083913. PMCID:2993655Rotundo, M.M., Síntese histórica sobre a pesquisa em baiacus (Tetraodontiformes: Tetraodontidae-diodontidae) entre os séculos XIX e XX (2007) Rev.Ceciliana, 27, pp. 69-78Seixas, C.S., Begossi, A., Ethnozoology of Fishing Communities From Ilha Grande (Atlantic Forest Coast, Brazil) (2001) J. Ethnobiol, 21 (1), pp. 107-135Silva, M.B., (2006) Consumo Alimentar Na Comunidade Caiçara Da Praia Do Bonete, Ilhabela, São Paulo, , Dissertação de mestrado, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, CampinasSilva, M.L.V., Alves, A.G.C., Almeida, A.V., A zooterapia no Recife (Pernambuco): Uma articulação entre as práticas e a história (2004) Biotemas, 17 (1), pp. 95-116Soares, P.C.M., Mársico, E.T., Franco, R.M., Sobreiro, L.G., Teor de histamina na musculatura branca e vermelha da sardinha verdadeira (Sardinella brasiliensis) (2005) R. Bras.Ci.Vet, 12 (1-3), pp. 131-136Soares, V.F.M., Vale, S.R., Junqueira, R.G., Gloria, M.B.A., Teores de histamina e qualidade fisico-quimica e sensorial de file de peixe congelado (1998) Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment, 18 (4), pp. 462-467. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0101-20611998000400020Stansky, M.E., Proximate composition of fish (1962) Fish In Nutrition, , F. Heen & R. Kreuzer, eds.). Fishing News (Books) Ltd., LondonSzpilman, M., (2000) Peixes Marinhos Do Brasil: Guia Prático De Identificação, , Instituto Aqualung,Rio de JaneiroTrigo, M., Roncada, M.J., Stewien, G.T.M., Pereira, I.M.T.B., Tabus alimentares em região do norte do Brasil (1989) Rev. Saúde Públ., São Paulo, 23 (6), pp. 455-464Vandebroek, I., Thomas, E., Sanca, S., van Damme, P., van Puyvelde, L., de Kimpe, N., Comparison of health conditions treated with traditional and biomedical health care in a Quechua community in rural Bolivia (2008) J. Ethnobiol. AndEthnomed, 4 (1). , http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-4-1, PMid:18194568. PMcid:2265262Visentainer, J.V., Carvalho, P.O., Ikegaki, M., Park, Y.K., Concentração de ácido eicosapentaenóico (EPA) e ácido docosahexaenóico (DHA) em peixes marinhos da costa brasileira (2000) Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment, 20 (1)Williamson, J.A., Fenner, P.J., Burnett, J.W., Rifkin, J.F., (1996) Venomous and Poisonous Marine Animals: A Medical and Biological Handbook, p. 504. , UNSW press Melbourne, Austrália(2002) Traditional Medicine Strategy 2002-2005, , http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2002/who_edm_trm_2002.1.pdf, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION - WH

Artisanal Fishing And Fishermen Of Ilhabela - São Paulo State - Brazil [a Pesca E Os Pescadores Artesanais De Ilhabela (sp), Brasil]

This work was developed in Ilhabela, northern coast of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The objective was to characterize artisanal fisheries in fishing communities of Jabaquara Beach, Serraria Beach, Fome Beach and Bonete Beach. Fishing methods, strategies and equipment used by fishers, as well as, local forms of marketing and exploited fishery resources are approached in this study. The data were collected through interviews using semi-structured questionnaires. Information such as general aspects of fishing, socioeconomic data, time of fishing technology and fishing strategies in use was obtained. This research included 20 fishermen from Serraria beach, six from Jabaquara beach, 10 from Fome beach and 18 from Bonete Beach, totaling 54 interviews. In general, the artisanal fishery is still the main economic activity; however, develop other activities, such as activities related to tourism. Forty five fishing points were cited. The main gear used by fishers in the fishing points, along with fishing techniques are the rede de espera (set gillnet) and the main type of vessel is the batera. The ichthyofauna was characterized with 76 identified species belonging to 65 genera and 38 biological families. The aspects related to fishing activities are part of the knowledge of fishermen on the environment and constitute a comprehensive collection of information that, together with biological information can be useful to deepen the knowledge of fish ecology and management of local fisheries resources. The information available from this study is important as a baseline to allow temporal comparison of the fishing and fish in this region.383231246Araújo, M.E., Teixeira, J.M.C., Oliveira, A.M.E., (2004) Peixes Estuarinos Marinhos do Nordeste Brasileiro: (Guia ilustrado), p. 260. , Pernambuco: Editora da UFCBegossi, A., Fishing spots and sea tenure in Atlantic Forest Coastal communities: Incipient forms of local management (1995) Human Ecology, 23 (3), pp. 387-406Begossi, A., (1998) Resilience and neo-tradicional populations: The caiçaras (Atlantic Forest) and cablocos (Amazon, Brazil), , In: BERKES, F. e FOLKE, C. Linking Ecological and Social Systems for Resilience and Sustainability. Londres: Cambridge University Press. p.129-157Begossi, A., (2004) Áreas, pontos de pesca, pesqueiros e territórios na pesca artesanal, p. 332. , In: BEGOSSI, A. Ecologia de Pescadores da Mata Atlântica e da Amazônia. São Paulo: Hucitec: Nepam/Unicamp: Nupaub/USP: FapespBegossi, A., Temporal stability in fishing spots: Conservation and co-management in Brazilian artisanal coastal fisheries (2006) Ecology and Society, 11 (1), pp. 1-19Begossi, A., Small-Scale Fisheries in Latin America: Management models and challenges (2010) MAST, 9 (2), pp. 7-31Begossi, A., Figueiredo, J.L., Ethnoichthyology of Southtern Coastal Fishermen: Cases from Búzios Island and Sepetiba Bay (Brazil) (1995) Bulletin of Marine Science, 56 (2), pp. 710-717Begossi, A., Hanazaki, N., Peroni, M., Knowledge and use of Biodiversity in Brasilian hot Spots (2000) Environment, Development and Sustainability, 2, pp. 177-193Begossi, A., Silva, L., Seixas, C.S., Castro, F., Pezzuti, J., Hanazaki, N., Peroni, N., Silvano, R.A.M., (2004) Ecologia de Pescadores da Mata Atlântica e da Amazônia, p. 332. , São Paulo: Hucitec: Nepam/Unicamp: Nupaub/USP: FapespBegossi, A., Lopes, P.F., Oliveira, L.E.C., Nakano, H., (2010) Ecologia de Pescadores Artesanais da Baía de Ilha Grande, p. 298. , São Carlos: RiMa Editora, FAPESPBerkes, F., (1999) Sacred ecology: Traditional ecological knowledge and resource management, p. 209. , Philadelphia: Pennsylvania, USA, Taylor and FrancisBiernacki, P., Waldorf, D., Snowball sampling-problems and techniques of chain referral sampling (1981) Sociological Methods and Research;, 10, pp. 141-163Calvente, C.M.H., Ilhabela: Turismo e território (1999) Geografia, 8 (1), pp. 29-36Carlsson, L., Berkes, F., Co-management: Concepts and methodological implications (2005) Journal of Environmental Management, 75, pp. 65-76Carpenter, K.E., (2002) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes, p. 31. , Roma, FAO, V., The living marine resources of the Western Central Atlantic (fishing area1-3Carvalho-Filho, A., (1999) Peixes da costa brasileira, p. 320. , 3a Edição. São Paulo: Ed. MelroCastro, L.A.B., Yamanaka, N., Arfelli, C.A., Seckendorf, R.W., Situação atual da cadeia produtiva do pescado no litoral do estado de São Paulo (2005) Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 21, pp. 1-55(2007) Mar e Ambientes Costeiros, p. 323. , CGEE-Centro de Gestão e Estudos Estratégicos, Brasília, DFClauzet, M., (2008) Histórico e permanência da pesca artesanal como atividade econômica na Enseada do Mar Virado, Ubatuba/SP, , In: GROSTEIN, M. Ciência Ambiental: questões e abordagens. São Paulo: Annablume: FAPESP. p.111-130Clauzet, M., (2009) Etnoictiologia e uso de recursos naturais por pescadores artesanais costeiros no Brasil, p. 157. , http://www.bibliotecadigital.unicam, (Tese de Doutorado. Universidade Estadual de Campinas). Disponível em, Campinas. br/document/?code=000471669&opt=4> Acesso em: 13 jul. 2012Clauzet, M., Barrella, W., (2004) A pesca artesanal na Praia Grande do Bonete, Ubatuba, Litoral Norte de São Paulo, , In: DIEGUES, A.C. Enciclopédia Caiçara. Núcleo de Apoio a Pesquisa sobre Populações Humanas em Áreas Úmidas Brasileiras-NUPAUB. v.1. p.147-161Clauzet, M., Ramires, M., Barrella, W., (2005) Pesca artesanal e conhecimento local de duas populações caiçaras (Enseada do Mar Virado e Barra do Una) no litoral de São Paulo, Brasil, p. 4. , www.multiciencia.unicam, [on line, Multiciencia, br>Clauzet, M., Ramires, M., Begossi, A., Etnoictiologia dos pescadores artesanais da Praia de Guaibim, Valença (BA), Brasil (2007) Neotropical Biology and Conservation, 2 (3), pp. 136-154Diegues, A.C., (1988) Pesca artesanal no litoral brasileiro: Cenários e Estratégias para sua sobrevivência, p. 287. , São Paulo. Instituto OceanográficoDiegues, A.C., (1995) Povos e mares: Leituras em sócio-antropologia marítima, p. 269. , São Paulo: NUPAUB/USPEschmayer, W.N., (2011) Catalog of Fishes, , http://research.calacademy.org/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp, Electronic version 30/11/2011. Disponível em: Acessado em: 09 jan. 2012(2007) The State of the World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006, p. 176. , FAO-FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONSFigueiredo, J.L., (1977) Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil, p. 104. , Introdução, cações, raias e quimeras. São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São PauloFigueiredo, J.L., Menezes, N.A., (1978) Manual de Peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil, p. 110. , Teleostei (1). São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São PauloFigueiredo, J.L., Menezes, N.A., (1980) Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil, p. 90. , Teleostei (2). São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São PauloFigueiredo, J.L., Menezes, N.A., (2000) Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil, p. 116. , Teleostei (5). São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São PauloFischer, W., (1978) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes, , Western Central Atlantic (fishing area 31). Roma: FAO. V. 1-7. VIIFischer, L.G., Pereira, L.E.D., Vieira, J.P., (2004) Peixes estuarinos e costeiros: Série Biodiversidade do Atlântico Sudoeste 01, p. 127. , Rio Grande: Editora CoscientiaFolke, C., Berkes, F., Colding, J., (1998) Ecological practices and social mechanisms for building resilience and sustentainability, , In: BERKES, F. e FOLKE, C. Linking Ecological and Social Systems for Resilience and Sustainability. Cambridge University Press, Londres. p.414-436Gomes, U.L., Signori, C.N., Gadig, O.B.F., Santos, H.R.S., (2010) Guia para a identificação de tubarões e raias do Rio de Janeiro, p. 234. , Rio de Janeiro: Technical BooksHaimovici, M., Klippel, S., (2002) Diagnóstico da biodiversidade dos peixes teleósteos demersais marinhos e estuarinos do Brasil, , In: WORKSHOP PARA AVALIAÇÃO E AÇÕES PROPRIETÁRIAS PARA CONSERVAÇÃO DA BIODIVERSIDADE DAS ZONAS COSTEIRA E MARINHA DO BRASIL. Ministério do Meio Ambiente (MMA). Brasília, 2002. (CD-ROM)Hanazaki, N., (2001) Ecologia de caiçaras: Uso de recursos e dieta, p. 193. , http://www.bibliotecadigital.unicam, (Tese de Doutorado, Universidade Estadual de Campinas). Disponível em, Campinas. br/document/?code=vtls000222871> Acesso em: 10 dez. 2011Marceniuk, A.P., Chave para a identificação das espécies de bagres marinhos (Siluriformes, Ariidae) da Costa Brasileira (2005) Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 31 (2), pp. 89-101McCord, P.L., Begossi, A., Dietary changes over time in a caiçara community from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (2006) Ecology and Society, 11 (2), p. 38. , http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol11/iss2/art38/, Disponível em, Acesso em: 12 fev 2012Maldonado, S.C., (1986) Pescadores do mar, p. 77. , São Paulo: ÁticaMaldonado, W., (2004) A construção material e simbólica da canoa em Ilhabela, , In: DIEGUES, A.C. Enciclopédia Caiçara. Núcleo de Apoio a Pesquisa sobre Populações Humanas em Áreas Úmidas Brasileiras (NUPAUB). p.297-320Marques, J.G.W., (1991) Aspectos ecológicos na etnoictiologia dos pescadores do Complexo Estuarino Lagunar Mundaú-Manguaba, Alagoas, , 296p. (Tese de Doutorado. Universidade Estadual de Campinas)Menezes, N.A., Figueiredo, J.L., (1980) Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil, p. 96. , Teleostei (3). São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São PauloMenezes, N.A., Figueiredo, J.L., (1985) Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil, p. 105. , Teleostei (4). São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São PauloMenezes, N.A., Buckup, P.A., Fiqueiredo, J.L., Moura, R.L., (2003) Catálogo das espécies de peixes marinhos do Brasil, p. 160. , São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo(2002) Avaliação e Ações Prioritárias Para a Conservação da Biodiversidade das zonas Costeira e Marinha, , Mma-Ministério Do Meio A.M.B.I.E.N.T.E., CD-ROMNeiva, G.S., (1990) Subsídios para a Política Pesqueira Nacional, p. 64. , Terminal Pesqueiro de Santos TPSNelson, J.S., (2006) Fishes of the World, p. 601. , 4thed. New York: John Wiley and SonsNetto, R.F., Nunes, A.G.A., Albino, J., A pesca realizada na comunidade de pescadores artesnais de Santa Cruz/ ES-Brasil (2002) Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 28 (1), pp. 93-100Pacheco, R.S., Barros, F., Berlinch, C.N., Saito, C.H., (2006) Pesca e uso de recursos aquáticos por uma população pesqueira residente na Baía de Camamu-BA, , In: ENCONTRO DA ANPPAS, 3., Brasília, 23-26 /mai/2006. Anais. CD-ROMPinnergar, J.K., Engelhard, G.H., The 'shifting baseline' phenomenon: A global perspective (2007) Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 18 (1), pp. 1-16Pirró, M.S.A., (2002) Ilhabela: Diagnóstico sócio-econômico e ambiental das comunidades isoladas, p. 102. , Relatório interno Prefeitura Municipal de IlhabelaRamires, M., Barrella, W., A pesca esportiva como alternativa econômica em uma população caiçara da Estação Ecológica de Juréia Itatins (2001) Ciências Biológicas e do Ambiente, 3 (1), pp. 39-51Ramires, M., Barrella, W., Ecologia da pesca artesanal em população caiçara de Juréia-Itatins, São Paulo, Brasil (2003) Interciencia, 28 (4), pp. 208-213Ramires, M., Molina, S.M.G., Hanazaki, N., Etnoecologia caiçara: O conhecimento dos pescadores artesanais sobre aspectos ecológicos da pesca (2007) Biotemas, 20 (1), pp. 101-113Ruddle, K., Hickey, F., Accounting for the Mismanagement of Tropical Nearshore Fisheries. Tropical Fisheries Management (2008) Environment, Development and Sustainability, 10 (5), pp. 565-589Sampaio, C.L.S., Nottingham, M.C., (2008) Guia para identificação de peixes ornamentais brasileiros, p. 205. , Volume I: espécies marinhas. Brasília: IBAMA-MMASeixas, C.S., Begossi, A., Central place optimal foraging theory: Population and individual analyses of fishing strategies at Aventureiro (Ilha Grande, Brazil) (2000) Ciência e Cultura, 52 (2), pp. 85-91Silvano, R.A.M., (2001) Etnoecologia e História Natural de Peixes no Atlântico (Ilha de Búzios, Brasil) e Pacífico (Moreton Bay, Austrália), p. 184. , http://www.bibliotecadigital.unicam, (Tese de Doutorado. Universidade Estadual de Campinas). Disponível em, Campinas. br/document/?code=vtls000222871> Acesso em: 10 dez. 2011Silvano, R.A.M., (2004) Pesca Artesanal e Etnoictiologia, , In: BEGOSSI, A. Ecologia de Pescadores da Mata Atlântica e da Amazônia. São Paulo: Hucitec. p.197-222Souza, M.R., Barrella, W., (2004) Etnoictiologia dos Pescadores Artesanais da Estação Ecológica de Juréia Itatins (São Paulo-Brasil), p. 1. , São Paulo: NUPAUB/ USP., In: DIEGUES, A.C. Enciclopédia Caiçara117-131(2012), http://www.pesca.sp.gov.br/estatistica.php, (on line) Disponível em: Acesso em: 12 jul Unidade Laboratorial de Referência em Controle Estatístico da Produção Pesqueira Marinha do Instituto, 2012Vasconcellos, M., Diegues, A.C., Sales, R.R., (2007) Limites e possibilidades na gestão da pesca artesanal costeira, , In: COSTA, A.L. Nas redes da pesca artesanal. Brasília: IBAMA. p.15-8

Sexual dimorphism based on body proportions and ontogenetic changes in the Brazilian electric ray Narcine brasiliensis (von Olfers, 1831) (Chondrichthyes: Narcinidae)

Sexual dimorphism in the Brazilian electric ray Narcine brasiliensis from the south-western Atlantic coast was evaluated based on body proportions and ontogenetic changes. All regions of the body were found to have differences in body proportions between the sexes, except the spiracles. The nature of allometric and isometric relationships differed mainly in terms of the six largest body dimensions. Some of these differences can be supported by the species’ life history. Principal components analysis (PCA) and analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) distinguished the adults’ body proportions by sex. Similarity percentage analysis (SIMPER) selected six variables that best discriminated between the sexes with a cumulative difference up to 70% (tail width, disc width, length between snout and first dorsal fin, pelvic fin width, length between snout and the widest part of the disc, and disc length). It was possible to select seven stable dimensions, both ontogenetic and sexual, that are recommended for use in taxonomic studies. These dimensions were interspiracular distance, spiracle length and width, upper and lower tooth band width, pelvic fin length, and length of posterior lobe of the pelvic fin. It is important to consider the differences in body proportions within a species in order to properly characterise the population and estimate its most reliable parameters.Keywords: Elasmobranchii, morphometry, relative growth, Torpediniforme

Fish species caught by shrimp trawlers off the coast of Sergipe, in north-eastern Brazil, and their length–weight relations

The objective of this study was to report all fish species caught by shrimp trawlers based in Pirambu, in the state of Sergipe, Brazil and estimate the length–weight relation (LWR) for the most abundant species in the samples. Four samples were collected monthly from four shrimp trawlers. A total of 8522 fishes were caught (89 species; 38 families). LWRs were estimated for 18 species having the parameter b within the range of 2.5–3.5: Cathorops spixii (Agassiz, 1829); Stellifer brasiliensis (Schultz, 1945); Pellona harroweri (Fowler, 1917); Odontognathus mucronatus Lacepède, 1800; Paralonchurus brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1875); Stellifer rastrifer (Jordan, 1889); Isopisthus parvipinnis (Cuvier, 1830); Selene brownii (Cuvier, 1816); Anchoa spinifer (Valenciennes, 1848); Trinectes paulistanus (Miranda Ribeiro, 1915); Symphurus plagusia (Bloch et Schneider, 1801); Chirocentrodon bleekerianus (Poey, 1867); Stellifer stellifer (Bloch, 1790); Citharichthys spilopterus Günther, 1862; Ctenosciaena gracilicirrhus (Metzelaar, 1919); Anchoviella lepidentostole (Fowler, 1911); Peprilus crenulatus Cuvier, 1829; Genyatremus cavifrons (Cuvier, 1830). Five new maximum size records were reported in this study for Trinectes paulistanus, Citharichthys spilopterus, Anchoviella lepidentostole, Chirocentrodon bleekerianus, and Stellifer brasiliensis. Fifty-four new maximum weight records were also registered. LWR estimated here are the first for Genyatremus cavifrons and Peprilus crenulatus