Metodología para la identificación de las áreas de referencia de los topónimos en cartografía.

En la cartografía tradicional es evidente la falta de precisión referencial de los diferentes topónimos, quedando, en muchas ocasiones, abierta a la pericia o interpretación del lector del mapa. Aun cuando existen topónimos cuya delimitación aparece definida de una forma clara y nítida por las autoridades competentes, en una gran mayoría de casos no ocurre así: el área que es reconocible por un topónimo concreto no posee límites precisos, sino que éstos varían en función del mapa mental y referencial de los usuarios que, lógicamente, no es coincidente. En este trabajo se plantean procedimientos para recoger la riqueza y complejidad de la expresión de las áreas a las que son referenciables los diferentes topónimos, tanto a nivel de nomenclátor como en su expresión cartográfica. Se indican procedimientos de recogida de referencias de información toponímica de diferentes tipos y distintas formas de expresión cartográfica de los mismos. El resultado consiste en una nueva propuesta de tratamiento de la toponimia en el ámbito de la cartografía. Cada topónimo irá asociado a un área específica de referencia, donde se matiza un núcleo de referencia segura, otros de referencia difusa y áreas de ambigüedad

Extending Darcy's law to the flow of yield stress fluids in packed beds: Method and experiments

A large number of complex fluids commonly used in industry exhibit yield stress, e.g., concentrated polymer solutions, waxy crude oils, emulsions, colloid suspensions and foams. Yield stress fluids are frequently injected through unconsolidated porous media in many fields such as soil remediation and reservoir engineering, so modelling their flow through this type of media is of great economic importance. However, obtaining macroscopic laws to model non-Newtonian flow poses a considerable challenge given the dependence of the viscosity of the fluid on pore velocity. For this reason, no macroscopic equation is currently available to predict the relationship between injection flow rate and the pressure drop generated during the flow of a yield stress fluid without using any adjustable parameter. In this work, a method to extend Darcy's equation to the flow of yield stress fluids through model unconsolidated porous media consisting of packs of spherical beads is presented. Then, the method is experimentally validated through comparison with a total of 572 experimental measurements obtained during the flow of a concentrated aqueous polymer solution through different packs of glass spheres with uniform size. An improved prediction of the pressure drop-flow rate relationship is achieved by taking into account the non-linear relationship between apparent shear rate and average pore velocity

The effect of ageing process on three-point bending strength and permeability of 3D printed sand molds

International audienceThe objective of this paper was to investigate the effects of curing parameters (i.e., temperature and time), on the permeability and mechanical strength of the printed molds. Several sets of samples were hence produced with a state-of-the-art 3D printer using well-characterized silica sand and furan resin binder. Then, experiments were performed in which the evolution over time of the three-point bending (3 PB) strength and permeability of the samples were monitored at three different curing temperatures. From these measurements, both the individual and combined effects of curing temperature and time on the functionality of the 3D printed molds were assessed. Moreover, loss-on-ignition (LOI) tests were also performed in order to relate the loss of binder mass to the variation in permeability and mechanical strength of the samples. The results showed that the printed molds can be stored at room temperature for a long time before being used, roughly preserving the initial properties. No significant change in 3 PB strength was observed when curing at 100 °C. In contrast, the permeability was shown to decrease with increasing curing temperature

A pore network modelling approach to investigate the interplay between local and Darcy viscosities during the flow of shear-thinning fluids in porous media

During the flow of non-Newtonian fluids in porous media, the relationships between macroscopic quantities are governed by extremely complex microscopic fluid dynamics resulting from solid-fluid interactions. Consequently, the Darcy-scale viscosity exhibited by a shear-thinning fluid depends on the injection velocity, contrarily to the case of Newtonian fluids. In the present work, pore network modelling is used to investigate the relationships between local and macroscopic viscosities during the flow of shear-thinning fluids in 3D porous media. Special efforts are devoted to 1) identifying the influence of the viscosity exhibited by the fluid within the constrictions of the preferential flow paths on the value of Darcy-scale viscosity and 2) proposing an analytical expression to upscale viscosity from the local viscosity values. To go further, the reduction in average hydraulic tortuosity stemming from the directional nature of shear-thinning behavior in 3D porous media will also be quantified. The results of the present study show that Darcy-scale viscosity can be accurately calculated as the flow-rate weighted average of local viscosities in the investigated media. Moreover, the velocity maps provided by the proposed pore network flow simulations are suitable to assess hydraulic tortuosity reduction as compared to the flow of a Newtonian fluid

How much does Lean Manufacturing need environmental and information technologies?

This paper analyses the role played by Environmental and Information Technologies (ET&IT) in the capability of Lean Manufacturing (LM) to achieve improved industrial performance. In contrast to seminal literature about lean practices, and in view of increasing consumer requirements regarding response times and environmental concerns, we suggest that shop-floor technologies are crucial for transforming lean routines into enhanced performance. Hypotheses were tested in a multisectoral sample of 763 manufacturing plants (NACE codes 15–37) from five different European countries. Results confirm total mediation by both technologies between lean routines and industrial performance, which entails that LM establishes efficient conditions on the shop floor for developing technology-enabled capabilities that can be leveraged to improve industrial performance. From a managerial perspective our findings highlight the need for avoiding short-sighted attitudes and for internalising plant technologies within lean transformation projects. This is important not only because such technologies are determinant for maximising the potential of organisational routines in current manufacturing systems but also because of their intrinsic benefits.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad | Ref. ECO2016-76625-

Nomenclátor Geográfico Básico de España v.1.0

El Nomenclátor Geográfico Básico de España (NGBE) es un proyecto desarrollado por el Registro Central de Cartografía (RCC) del Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN) en cumplimiento con lo establecido en el Real Decreto 1545/2007, de 23 de noviembre, por el cual se regula el Sistema Cartográfico Nacional. La formación de la primera versión del Nomenclátor Geográfico Básico de España se ha realizado en el período comprendido entre los años 2010 y 2012 y ha consistido en la depuración de los nombres geográficos procedentes de la cartografía del Instituto Geográfico Nacional a escala 1:25.000 a través de una metodología generada en el marco de este proyecto y estructurando el resultado en función del modelo de nomenclátor de INSPIRE (D2.8.I.3 INSPIRE Data Specification on Geographical Names-Guidelines)

Comparative Metagenomic Analysis of Two Hot Springs From Ourense (Northwestern Spain) and Others Worldwide

[Abstract] With their circumneutral pH and their moderate temperature (66 and 68°C, respectively), As Burgas and Muiño da Veiga are two important human-use hot springs, previously studied with traditional culture methods, but never explored with a metagenomic approach. In the present study, we have performed metagenomic sequence-based analyses to compare the taxonomic composition and functional potential of these hot springs. Proteobacteria, Deinococcus-Thermus, Firmicutes, Nitrospirae, and Aquificae are the dominant phyla in both geothermal springs, but there is a significant difference in the abundance of these phyla between As Burgas and Muiño da Veiga. Phylum Proteobacteria dominates As Burgas ecosystem while Aquificae is the most abundant phylum in Muiño da Veiga. Taxonomic and functional analyses reveal that the variability in water geochemistry might be shaping the differences in the microbial communities inhabiting these geothermal springs. The content in organic compounds of As Burgas water promotes the presence of heterotrophic populations of the genera Acidovorax and Thermus, whereas the sulfate-rich water of Muiño da Veiga favors the co-dominance of genera Sulfurihydrogenibium and Thermodesulfovibrio. Differences in ammonia concentration exert a selective pressure toward the growth of nitrogen-fixing bacteria such as Thermodesulfovibrio in Muiño da Veiga. Temperature and pH are two important factors shaping hot springs microbial communities as was determined by comparative analysis with other thermal springs.This study received financial support from the following organizations: Xunta de Galicia (Consolidación GRC) co-financed by FEDER (Grant Number ED431C 2020/08) and Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICINN) (Grant Number RTI2018-099249-B-I00). The work of M-ED was supported by a FPU fellowship (Ministerio de Educación Cultura y Deporte) FPU12/05050. The metagenome sequencing of As Burgas water was performed by M-ED in the Dinsdale Lab (Department of Biology, San Diego State University), as part of a short stay financed by the Short-Term Mobility program of the FPU scholarshipXunta de Galicia; ED431C 2020/0

Involvement of Climatic Factors in the Allergen Expression in Olive Pollen

This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) (ERDF-cofinanced projects AGL2008-00517, BFU2011-22779 and PIE-200840I186) and the Junta de Andalucía (ERDF-cofinanced projects P2010-CVI5767 and P2010-AGR6274).Peer reviewe

Expression profiling and localization of wall polysaccharides in the olive pollen during in vitro germination

1 página.-- Comunicación oral presentada en la XVIII Reunión de la Sociedad Española de Fisiología Vegetal (SEFV).-- Sesión Temática 2: Crecimiento y desarrollo.-- S2-O2.This work was supported by the Andalusian Regional Government (project P06-AGR-01791). C. Suarez thanks the MEC for providing FPI grant funding.Peer reviewe