21,527 research outputs found
Control of conditional pattern with polarization entanglement
Conditional interference patterns can be obtained with twin photons from
spontaneous parametric down-conversion and the phase of the pattern can be
controlled by the relative transverse position of the signal and idler
detectors. Using a configuration that produces entangled photons in both
polarization and transverse momentum we report on the control of the
conditional patterns by acting on the polarization degree of freedom.Comment: Submitted for publication in Optics Communication
Microstrip resonator for microwaves with controllable polarization
In this work the authors implemented a resonator based upon microstrip
cavities that permits the generation of microwaves with arbitrary polarization.
Design, simulation, and implementation of the resonators were performed using
standard printed circuit boards. The electric field distribution was mapped
using a scanning probe cavity perturbation technique. Electron spin resonance
using a standard marker was carried out in order to verify the polarization
control from linear to circular.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Appl. Phys. Let
Nonequilibrium stationary states of 3D self-gravitating systems
Three dimensional self-gravitating systems do not evolve to thermodynamic
equilibrium, but become trapped in nonequilibrium quasistationary states. In
this Letter we present a theory which allows us to a priori predict the
particle distribution in a final quasistationary state to which a
self-gravitating system will evolve from an initial condition which is
isotropic in particle velocities and satisfies a virial constraint 2K=-U, where
K is the total kinetic energy and U is the potential energy of the system
Spatial correlations in parametric down-conversion
The transverse spatial effects observed in photon pairs produced by
parametric down-conversion provide a robust and fertile testing ground for
studies of quantum mechanics, non-classical states of light, correlated imaging
and quantum information. Over the last 20 years there has been much progress in
this area, ranging from technical advances and applications such as quantum
imaging to investigations of fundamental aspects of quantum physics such as
complementarity relations, Bell's inequality violation and entanglement. The
field has grown immensely: a quick search shows that there are hundreds of
papers published in this field. The objective of this article is to review the
building blocks and major theoretical and experimental advances in the field,
along with some possible technical applications and connections to other
research areas.Comment: 116 pages, 35 figures. To appear in Physics Report
Experimental determination of multipartite entanglement with incomplete information
Multipartite entanglement is very poorly understood despite all the
theoretical and experimental advances of the last decades. Preparation,
manipulation and identification of this resource is crucial for both practical
and fundamental reasons. However, the difficulty in the practical manipulation
and the complexity of the data generated by measurements on these systems
increase rapidly with the number of parties. Therefore, we would like to
experimentally address the problem of how much information about multipartite
entanglement we can access with incomplete measurements. In particular, it was
shown that some types of pure multipartite entangled states can be witnessed
without measuring the correlations [M. Walter et al., Science 340, 1205 (2013)]
between parties, which is strongly demanding experimentally. We explore this
method using an optical setup that permits the preparation and the complete
tomographic reconstruction of many inequivalent classes of three- and
four-partite entangled states, and compare complete versus incomplete
information. We show that the method is useful in practice, even for non-pure
states or non ideal measurement conditions.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures. Close to published versio
Image and Coherence Transfer in the Stimulated Down-conversion Process
The intensity transverse profile of the light produced in the process of
stimulated down-conversion is derived. A quantum-mechanical treatment is used.
We show that the angular spectrum of the pump laser can be transferred to the
stimulated down-converted beam, so that images can also be transferred from the
pump to the down-converted beam. We also show that the transfer can occur from
the stimulating beam to the down-converted one. Finally, we study the process
of diffraction through an arbitrarily shaped screen. For the special case of a
double-slit, the interference pattern is explicitly obtained. The visibility
for the spontaneous emitted light is in accordance with the van Cittert -
Zernike theorem for incoherent light, while the visibility for the stimulated
emitted light is unity. The overall visibility is in accordance with previous
experimental results
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