ASPECTOS REPRODUTIVOS DA RAÇA MANGALARGA MARCHADOR NO NORTE DE MINAS GERAIS

Equinoculture is an important activity of Brazilian agribusiness, moving billions a year and generating direct and indirect jobs. Considered the most numerous equine breed in the country, Mangalarg Marchador breeding is concentrated, especially, in the Minas Gerais state. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the clinical and reproductive scenario of the Mangalarga Marchador breed in the Northern Minas Gerais region to understand the breeding profile in this mesoregion. For this purpose, an online questionnaire was applied, which was completed upon prior acceptance of the Free and Informed Consent Form. The sample consisted of 52 breeders and the results obtained were subjected to frequency analysis by chi-square test. Among the data obtained, 38% of breeders reported leisure as the breeding purpose (p=0.53). Regarding the mating method, 40% reported the use of controlled cover. However, the majority (58%; p<0,01) performs artificial insemination, of which 62% use semen fresh (p<0.01). In addition, 51.92% reported the practice of embryo transfer (p=0,78). Regarding reproductive diseases, abortion, in females, and inguinal hernia, in males, were more prevalent with, 39.13% (p<0.01) and 83.33% (p<0.01), respectively. There was also remarkable technical assistance by veterinarians (86.53%; p<0.01) with monthly periodicity (16.55%; p<0.01). Therefore, it is possible to infer that the northern region of Minas Gerais requires improvements in sanitary-reproductive management applied to the Mangalarga Marchador breed to achieve the desired reproductive efficiency.A equinocultura consiste numa importante atividade do agronegócio brasileiro, movimentando bilhões ao ano e gerando empregos diretos e indiretos. Considerada a raça equina mais numerosa do país, a criação de Mangalarga Marchador se concentra, em especial, no estado de Minas Gerais. Deste modo, este estudo teve como objetivo explorar o cenário clínico-reprodutivo da raça Mangalarga Marchador no Norte de Minas Gerais a fim de compreender o perfil da criação nesta mesorregião. Para isso, foi realizada a aplicação de questionário online, o qual foi preenchido mediante aceite prévio do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. A amostra foi composta por 52 criadores e os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de frequência pelo teste qui-quadrado. Dentre os dados obtidos, 38% dos criadores relataram o lazer como finalidade de criação (p=0,53). Com relação ao método de acasalamento, 40% informaram a utilização da monta dirigida. Contudo, a maioria (58%; p<0,01) realiza a inseminação artificial, sendo que destes, 62% utilizam o sêmen fresco (p<0,01). Além disso, 51,92% relataram a realização da transferência de embriões (p=0,78). Com relação às enfermidades reprodutivas, o aborto, em fêmeas, e a hérnia inguinal, em machos, foram mais prevalentes com 39,13% (p<0,01) e 83,33% (p<0,01), respectivamente. Foi constatada ainda prevalência da assistência técnica por médico veterinário (86,53%; p<0,01) com periodicidade, em sua maioria, mensal (16,55%; p<0,01). Portanto, é possível inferir que a região do Norte do estado requer melhorias no manejo sanitário-reprodutivo voltado à raça Mangalarga Marchador para que a eficiência reprodutiva desejada seja alcançada

Aspectos reprodutivos da raça Mangalarga Marchador do norte de Minas Gerais

Submitted by Camila Silva ([email protected]) on 2019-10-21T23:59:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JOSÉ ALCIDES - Dissertação.pdf: 838555 bytes, checksum: 89f50504467b48b5d980346a9cdb2f52 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Camila Silva ([email protected]) on 2019-10-22T00:01:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JOSÉ ALCIDES - Dissertação.pdf: 838555 bytes, checksum: 89f50504467b48b5d980346a9cdb2f52 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-22T00:04:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JOSÉ ALCIDES - Dissertação.pdf: 838555 bytes, checksum: 89f50504467b48b5d980346a9cdb2f52 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-12-20A aplicação de biotecnologias reprodutivas tende a melhorar as condições gerais do manejo e economia da propriedade. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um levantamento de informações clínico-reprodutivas da raça Mangalarga Marchador no Norte de Minas Gerais a fim de compreender o perfil da criação na região. O estudo foi realizado de fevereiro a maio de 2018, por meio da aplicação de questionário online, preenchido mediante aceite prévio do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. A amostra foi composta por 52 criadores e os resultados obtidos foram submetidos ao teste qui-quadrado com nível de 5% de significância com auxílio do software R e função chisq.teste, sendo apresentados em tabelas e gráficos de frequências relativas (%). Dentre os dados obtidos, 38,00% dos criadores relatam o lazer como finalidade de criação (p > 0,01). Com relação ao método de acasalamento natural, a monta natural dirigida detém a maioria, com 40,00% (p 0.01). Das enfermidades reprodutivas, o aborto em fêmeas, e a hérnia inguinal, em machos, são mais prevalentes na região, com 39,13% (p > 0.01) e 83,33% (p 0.01). In relation to the natural mating method, a natural mating was held, with 40.00% (p 0.01). Female reproductive, abortion in females, and inguinal hernia in males are more prevalent in the region, with 39.13% (p > 0.01) and 83.33% (p < 0.01), respectively. It is concluded, therefore, that the northern region of the State of Minas Gerais has more than one study on the issue of reproductive reproduction, which can be reproduced reproductively

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseBackground: Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide. Methods: A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study—a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3·85 [95% CI 2·58–5·75]; p<0·0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63·0% vs 82·7%; OR 0·35 [0·23–0·53]; p<0·0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer. Interpretation: Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised. Funding: National Institute for Health and Care Research

Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries

© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licenseBackground: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit