Konzept für die Erstellung und Beschreibung einer IT Infrastruktur im Krankenhaus unter Berücksichtigung bereits bestehender Systeme

Die folgende Arbeit beschreibt die Eigenschaften und Funktionsbereiche eines moder-nen Krankenhauses in Beziehung mit seinem Krankenhausinformationssystem. Dabei werden die relevanten Bereiche eines Informationssystems im Krankenhaus analysiert. In weiterer Folge sind die heutzutage gültigen Standards für die Informationsverarbeitung im Krankenhaus angeführt. Um für ein nachhaltiges und dauerndes Krankenhausinformationssystem zu implementieren, wird in diesem Zusammenhang die Rahmenplanung für Krankenhausinformationssystem vorgestellt, welche Grundlage für ein Kommunikationsmodell im Krankenhaus ist. Für eine Optimierung des Krankenhausinformationssystems und den dahinterliegenden Prozessen wird die Einführung von klinischen Behandlungspfaden in ein Krankenhausinformationssystem diskutiert. Dafür wird ein kurzes Modellierungsbeispiel eines klinischen Pfads vorgestellt, um eine mögliche Einbindung in das Krankenhausinformationssystem zu verdeutlichen.The following paper describes the features and functional areas of a modern hospital in connection with this hospital information system. The relevant areas of an information system are analyzed in the hospital. Subsequently, the now accepted standards for information processing are given in the hospital. To implement a sustainable and permanent hospital information system, in this context, the planning for hospital information system is presented, which is the basis for a model of communication in the hospital. For an optimization of hospital information system and the processes behind the introduction of clinical care pathways, will be discussed for a hospital information system. For this, a brief example of a clinical path modeling is presented to a possible involvement in the hospital information to clarify

Small RNAs are trafficked from the epididymis to developing mammalian sperm [preprint]

RNAs present in mature mammalian sperm are delivered to the zygote at fertilization, where they have the potential to affect early development. The biogenesis of the small RNA payload of mature sperm is therefore of great interest, as it may be a target of signaling pathways linking paternal conditions to offspring phenotype. Recent studies have suggested the surprising hypothesis that the small RNA payload carried by mature sperm may include RNAs that were not synthesized during testicular spermatogenesis, but that are instead delivered to sperm during the process of post-testicular maturation in the epididymis. To further test this hypothesis, we characterized small RNA dynamics during testicular and post-testicular germ cell maturation in mice. We show that purified testicular germ cell populations, including mature testicular spermatozoa, carry extremely low levels of tRNA fragments (tRFs), and that tRFs become highly abundant only after sperm have entered the epididiymis. The process of small RNA delivery to sperm can be recapitulated in vitro, as caput epididymosomes deliver small RNAs including tRFs and microRNAs to mature testicular spermatozoa. Finally, to definitively identify the tissue of origin for small RNAs in sperm, we carried out tissue-specific metabolic labeling of RNAs in intact mice, finding that mature sperm carry small RNAs that were originally synthesized in the somatic cells of the epididymis. Taken together, our data demonstrates that soma-germline small RNA transfer occurs in male mammals, most likely via vesicular transport from the epididymis to maturing sperm

Impacts and Potential Mitigation of Road Mortality for Hedgehogs in Europe.

Transport infrastructure is a pervasive element in modern landscapes and continues to expand to meet the demands of a growing human population and its associated resource consumption. Road-induced mortality is often thought to be a major contributor to the marked declines of European hedgehog populations. This review synthesizes available evidence on the population-level impacts of road mortality and the threat to population viability for the five hedgehog species in Europe. Local and national studies suggest that road mortality can cause significant depletions in population sizes, predominantly removing adult males. Traffic collisions are a probable cause of fragmentation effects, subsequently undermining ecological processes such as dispersal, as well as the genetic variance and fitness of isolated populations. Further studies are necessary to improve population estimates and explicitly examine the consequences of sex- and age-specific mortality rates. Hedgehogs have been reported to use crossing structures, such as road tunnels, yet evaluations of mitigation measures for population survival probability are largely absent. This highlights the need for robust studies that consider population dynamics and genetics in response to mitigation. In light of ongoing declines of hedgehog populations, it is paramount that applied research is prioritised and integrated into a holistic spatial planning process

Geographic origin and migration phenology of European red admirals (Vanessa atalanta) as revealed by stable isotopes.

BACKGROUND: Long-distance migration has evolved multiple times in different animal taxa. For insect migrants, the complete annual migration cycle covering several thousand kilometres, may be performed by several generations, each migrating part of the distance and reproducing. Different life-cycle stages and preferred orientation may thus, be found along the migration route. For migrating red admirals (Vanessa atalanta) it has been questioned if they reproduce in the most northern part of the range. Here we present migration phenology data from a two-year time series of migrating red admirals captured at Rybachy, Kaliningrad, in the northern part of Europe investigating time for migration, life-history stage (migration, reproduction) as well as site of origin in individual butterflies. METHODS: Red admirals were captured daily at a coastal site during spring, summer and autumn in 2004 and 2005. For the sampled individuals, reproductive status and fuel content were estimated by visual inspection, and hydrogen isotopes (δ 2H) were analysed in wing samples. δ 2H values was compared with samples from two nearby reference sites in Estonia and Poland. RESULTS: Analysis of hydrogen isotopes (δ 2H) in red admiral wings showed that the spring cohort were of a southerly origin, while those caught in August or later in the autumn were from the local region or areas further to the north. All females caught during spring had developing eggs in their abdomen, but no eggs were found in late summer/autumn. There was a male-biased sex ratio during autumn and a difference in lipid content between years. When comparing the isotopic data with inland nearby locations, it was clear that the range of δ 2H values (- 181 to - 78) was wider at Rybachy as compared to the two reference sites in Estonia and Poland (- 174 to - 100). CONCLUSIONS: During spring, migratory female red admirals arrived from the south and were ready to reproduce, while the autumn passage mainly engaged local and more northern individuals carrying large fuel deposits in preparation for long-distance migration. The phenology data suggest that individuals select to migrate in favourable weather conditions and that numbers may differ between years. Future studies should focus on individual sampling at a wide range of sites to reveal differential migration strategies and timing of migration between sexes and populations of migrating butterflies

"Honigtau" der Bracaatinga-Schildlaus als Winternahrung von Kolibiris (Trochilidae) in S\ufcd-Brasilien

Volume: 24Start Page: 7End Page: 1

Psychometrische Überprüfung des "Brief Reflective Functioning Interviews" : Vergleich zweier Interviewverfahren zur Erfassung der Mentalisierungsfähigkeit bei Erwachsenen

Katharina ReichholfAlpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt, Diplomarbeit, 2015(VLID)241461

Gefleckte Schnirkelschnecken Arianta arbustorum, als Nahrung der Singdrossel, Turdus philomelos im Auwald: Selektive Gr\uf6 fen- und Typenwahl

Volume: 30Start Page: 404End Page: 40