Philosophical Underpinnings of Coaching Practice Research

Research on coaching practice has mainly been undertaken through the disciplines of psychology and sociology. Very little scrutiny has been given to the philosophical underpinnings of these disciplinary positions and how they impact on research outputs in terms of descriptions and prescriptions. This article presents an overview of some of the most cited empirical research on coaching practice and shows how discipline and meta-theory have influenced a priori the results generated. Psychological approaches informed by scientism, and sociological approaches informed by interpretivism, present a dichotomized view of coaching practice, for example, concerning its relative simplicity and order. Yet these distinct disciplinary contributions remain important to the development of the field if it is understood that they contribute different layers of information and do different types of work. Once we have the meta-theoretical tools in place the results of this pluralism can be positioned and utilized. © 2013 Copyright National Association for Kinesiology in Higher Education (NAKHE)

Relações Estado-Sociedade e políticas de saúde

Este artigo traz uma reflexão sobre Saúde Pública enquanto conceito político, uma atividade ligada à organização geral da sociedade. Por esse conceito todas as ações institucionais de saúde são consideradas "públicas", por sua relevância social e sua participação no interesse geral. Desse modo, deveriam ser reguladas por uma normatividade socialmente definida e sujeitas ao controle social institucionalizado. Com base nesse conceito, o estudo traz uma proposta teórico-metodológica de análise dos determinantes sociais econômicos e políticos que, interativamente, afetam as políticas sociais, com um esquema conceituai do qual derivam três categorias de análise: o de Esfera Pública - neste estudo entendida como o espaço interinstitucional, multidisciplinar e popular de discussão e decisão sobre o processo saúde/doença/morte da população. O de Fundo Público, o pressuposto principal da viabilidade das políticas sociais e o de Padrão de Financiamento Público, definido pelas prioridades e pela direção dada pelos Governos aos fundos públicos. A Reforma Sanitária Brasileira e seus desdobramentos posteriores são adotados como exemplo de estudos dessa natureza.<br>This article presents a reflection on Public Health as a political concept, an activity linked to the general organisation of society. From this frame of reference all institutional actions are considered "public" for their social relevance and participation of general interest. They should then both be ruled by socially defined normativiness and subjected to the institucionalised social control. Based on this concept the study brings the proposition of a theorico-methodological analysis of socio-economic and political determinants. These interactively affect the social policies with a conceptual framework from which derive three categories of analysis. First the Public Sphere - here understood as institutional, muldidiciplinary and popular space for discussion and decision on population health/illness/death processes. Next the Public Fund Sphere - the main social policy viability pressuposition, and finally the Public Funding Pattern defined by the directives and prioriries given by the governments to public funds. Brazilian Sanitary Reform and its further unfolding are adopted as examples of studies of this nature