पिंजऱ्यातील मत्स्यशोति विषयक व्यापार आणि आर्थिक सुसाध्यता/शक्यता

India is one of the largest fish producers in the world and contributes 5.43% to global fish production. India ranks second in fish production from aquaculture sector following China at top. Total fish production of India during 2010-11 was 8.42 million metric tones. Inland sector contributes about 5.2 million metric tones, whereas marine sector contributes 3.22 million metric tones. India has a long coastline of about 8,129 km and continental shelf area of 0.5 million km2. Declining catch rates in marine capture fisheries consequently created serious unemployment issues in rural coastal areas. Issues faced by marine fisheries sector in India have focused the attention of policy makers and rural fishers towards development of mariculture and coastal aquaculture activities as alternative livelihood option

Impact of E-Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty Empirical Study in India Online Business

Due to Globalization and advancement in technology, Electronic commerce business (e-Com) has witnessed an extensive growth together with enthusiastic competition. The intention of this study is to test the conceptual framework of customer perception on service quality online business and its impact on satisfaction and loyalty through e-commerce business and a sample of 539 respondents were selected through simple random sampling method in Tamilnadu State of India. The result revealed that there is a significant association found between the demographic variables like Marital Status, Gender and Awareness about email/internet operation of the customers and the e-service quality, Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty except with Educational qualification and Status of the Residing area.  The factors Responsiveness and Trust were highlighted as significant predictors for customer satisfaction and loyalty except Customization. Regarding the association between the customer satisfaction and loyalty, it is revealed that all the variables under satisfaction were significantly and positively associated with loyalty.Keywords: e-commerce, Retailers, Customer satisfaction, Customer Loyalt

First results from the CAWSES-India Tidal Campaign

The first CAWSES-India Tidal Campaign was conducted by the Indian scientific community during March–April 2006. The objectives of this campaign were: (1) To determine the characteristics of tides in the troposphere and lower stratosphere (0–20 km) and mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region (80–100 km), (2) to explore and identify what lower atmospheric processes drive middle atmospheric tides in the Indian continental region and (3) to provide information on those short-term variabilities of MLT tides that are likely to have an impact on the ionospheric variabilities and contribute to the upper atmospheric weather. Data sets from experiments conducted at the three low latitude radar sites, namely, Trivandrum (8.5° N, 76.9° E), Tirunelveli (8.7° N, 77.8° E) and Gadanki (13.5° N, 79.2° E) and fortnightly rocket launches from Thumba were made use of in this study. An important observational finding reported in this work is that the radar observations at Tirunelveli/Trivandrum indicate the presence of 15–20 day modulation of diurnal tide activity at MLT heights during the February–March period. A similar variation in the OLR fields in the western Pacific (120–160° longitude region) suggests a possible link between the observed tidal variabilities and the variations in the deep tropical convection through the nonmigrating tides it generates

Role of Aprotinin in Paediatric Cardiac Surgery

INTRODUCTION: The children undergoing open-heart surgery are likely to have major blood loss due to surgical interventions performing on major vascular structures as well as the coagulation abnormalities that accompany extracorporeal techniques. Certain characteristics are unique to paediatric patients with congenital heart disease undergoing heart surgery, that makes them prone to excessive bleeding and transfusion of blood and blood products. They are: • Decreased levels of coagulation factors compared with normal children of the same age group. • Hemodilution resulting from high priming volume relative to small blood volume. • Delayed hepatic maturation secondary to poor organ perfusion. • Complex operative procedures requiring long duration of cardiopulmonary bypass. • Multiple extra cardiac suture lines. • Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. The use of aprotinin in children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass attenuates the activation of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems, preserves platelets function and reduces systemic inflammatory responses. Improved clinical outcomes have been consistently demonstrated in children undergoing primary and repeat sternotomies in aprotinin recipients. Many studies have demonstrated benefits in terms of; • Significant reduction in chest tube drainage, • Time to skin closure, • Postoperative transfusion requirements, • Decreased requirements of banked blood and donor, Exposures, • Substantial savings in cost. These clinical outcomes create a strong argument for the routine administration of aprotinin in paediatric cardiac operations undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Aprotinin is a potent part of an anesthesiologist arsenal when dealing with children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass and its cost effective improvement of clinical outcomes justifies its consideration when planning the management strategy of these children. AIM OF THE STUDY: The purpose of the study was to assess the efficacy and use of aprotinin in paediatric open heart surgeries by comparing the time interval from protamine administration to skin closure, the volume of blood loss (ml/kg) in chest drain after 24 hours, and the volume of blood and blood products (ml/kg) transfused postoperatively with that of control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study Design: This study was conducted in Paediatric Cardiothoracic Department at Institute of Child Health, an attached institution of Madras Medical College, Chennai between June 2008 and August 2008 on forty patients, posted for elective major cardiac surgery. This study was done after institutional approval and written informed consent was obtained from the parents of each child included in the study. This study was done in a prospective randomized manner. Forty patients of either sex posted for major elective cardiac surgeries satisfying the selection criteria were randomly allocated into the two groups (Group A and Group P) Group (A) - Patients in this group received aprotinin 20000 KIU/kg bolus after induction, 20000 KIU/kg in prime and maintenance infusion dose of 10000 KIU/kg/min till skin closure. Group (P) - Patients in this group received equal volume protocol of Ringer Lactate solution. SELECTION OF CASES: Inclusion criteria Child under any age of less than 12 years undergoing open heart surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is considered eligible for entry into the study. Exclusion criteria: • Patient refusal • Patients with known bleeding disorder; those taking aspirin, dipyridamole,or anticoagulants 7 days before surgery. • Patients with a known metabolic disorder, sepsis, or renal failure • Patients previously exposed to aprotinin or with a known allergy to aprotinin • Patients with a hemoglobin level of more than 19 g/dl. Preanaesthetic evaluation SUMMARY: In this study the efficacy and use of aprotinin in paediatric cardiac surgery was assessed based on following parameters: 1. The time interval (min) from protamine administration to skin closure. 2. The volume of blood loss (ml/kg) in chest drain after 24 hours. 3. The volume of blood and blood products (ml/kg) transfused postoperatively. 1. The mean time interval (min) from protamine administration to skin closure in Group A - 31.45 +/- 6.08 min, Group P - 52.05 +/- 8.71 min. There is significant reduction in duration of time from protamine administration to skin closure in group A. 2. The mean volume of blood loss (ml/kg) in chest drain after 24 hours in Group A- 7.01 +/- 3.13 ml/kg, Group P – 8.72 +/- 3.09 ml/kg. There is no significant reduction in volume of blood loss in chest drain in Group A. 3. The mean volume of blood and blood products (ml/kg) transfused postoperatively in Group A - 8.36 +/- 5.49 ml/kg, Group P - 11.76 +/- 4.62 ml/kg. There is significant reduction in volume of blood and blood products transfused postoperatively in Group A. CONCLUSION: From this study, it is observed that in children undergoing open heart surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass, aprotinin is effective in improving clinical outcomes of the patients, by reducing postoperative blood transfusion requirements and duration of the surgery. There is a decreased requirement of banked blood and donor exposures. Aprotinin recipients have a significantly dry operative field after protamine reversal, aiding in early hemostasis and skin closure, thereby it shortens the duration of surgical procedure. Hence it is concluded that aprotinin is useful in anaesthetic management of the children undergoing open heart surgery

Cold Atmospheric Pressure Argon Plasma Jet Assisted Degradation of Malachite Green (MG) Aqueous Solution

The oxidative degradation of cold atmospheric pressure plasma assisted degradation of malachite Green (MG) was investigated in this study. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma assisted MG degradation process was carried out as a function various plasma treatment time (05, 10, and 15 mins). The % of degradation and presence carbon content in the plasma treated MG was examined by UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and total organic carbon (TOC) analyzer. Optical emission spectrometer was used to identify formation of various reactive species during in situ plasma treatment. The higher degradation percentage of 90% was obtained after plasma treatment time of 15 min and value of TOC also found to decreased significantly with increasing plasma treatment time.  Toxicity of the plasma-treated MG aqueous solution samples was also examined by Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) bacteria

Evaluation of Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF) in Immediate Placement and Provisionalisation of Maxillary Anterior Single Implants

BACKGROUND: Implant-based rehabilitation is a clinical challenge, especially in the esthetic aspect. The immediate placement of implants in the extraction sockets has been a highly advocated protocol since its introduction, especially in highly esthetic situations. A thorough understanding of the dimensional alterations in post extraction sockets favours the immediate implant placement protocol. The advantage of immediate implant placement with provisionalisation is its efficacy in optimizing esthetic success by preserving osseous and gingival tissues. Even with this protocol, some amount of crestal bone resorption and associated soft tissue changes are inevitable. The use of autologous biomaterials like platelet concentrates has been explored with this protocol for maximum preservation of esthetics. In this study, Concentrated growth factor (CGF) is used during immediate implant placement and provisionalisation and its role in obtaining peri-implant soft tissue esthetics is evaluated. AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of the study is to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of use of CGF during immediate placement and provisionalisation of maxillary anterior single implants. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study is to clinically assess the esthetic outcome by evaluation of soft tissues around the implants and radiographically assess the hard tissue changes around the implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten patients were selected for single tooth replacement in maxillary anterior region with immediate implant placement and provisionalisation using Concentrated growth factor. Clinical evaluation was done at baseline, 3 months and 6 months. The clinical parameters include plaque scores, bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), soft tissue levels and Pink esthetic score (PES) analysis. Radiological evaluation was done by cone beam CT pre operatively and at 6 months. Hard tissue parameters that were assessed include the height of labial, palatal, mesial and distal bones using CBCT. RESULTS: The survival rate of implants in the present study was 100%. In this study, the marginal bone level changes around implants, evaluated after 6 months using CBCT was statistically significant (P ˂ 0.05), suggesting that use of CGF does not influence marginal bone remodelling. The evaluation of mid-facial mucosa, evaluated at baseline and after 6 months showed non-significant results (P value of 0.42), suggesting that soft tissue level was stable throughout the study period. CONCLUSION: The present study conducted for a period of 6 months suggests that the use of CGF during immediate implant placement and provisionalisation has resulted in stable peri-implant esthetics, nevertheless, case selection and implant position holds the key for esthetic success. Further long term evaluation is required for better analysis

Turtle conservation activities in Tambaldeg village, Sindhudurg district, Maharashtra

Tambaldeg village in Devgad taluka is a famous tourist place in the Sindhudurg district. During a field visit to Tambaldeg beach on 24th April 2017, six carcasses of adult olive ridley turtle Lepidochelys olivacea and one of green turtle Chelonia mydas were observed in decomposed state. This beach is a turtle nesting site and the Forest department of Maharashtra with the support of local fishers is undertaking awareness programs for turtle conservation including hoardings displayed on conservation of turtles along the beach. Protection of nesting turtles and eggs is also undertaken by the local communities