Experimental design for research on shock-turbulence interaction

Report investigates the production of acoustic waves in the interaction of a supersonic shock and a turbulence environment. The five stages of the investigation are apparatus design, development of instrumentation, preliminary experiment, turbulence generator selection, and main experiments

Soot oxidation rates in gas turbine engines

A basis is proposed for extrapolating soot oxidation rate measurements obtained in laboratory flames to the more extreme operating conditions of gas turbine combustion chambers. The proposal is based on the observation that, within probable experimental uncertainty, the limited soot oxidation measurements correlate with the more extensive measurements of the surface oxidation rates of macroscopic samples of pyrographite. The soot oxidation rates thus determined for the conditions of a typical gas turbine combustion chamber are considerably lower than estimates which were based on simple extrapolations of the flame data

Shock-tube measurements of carbon to oxygen atom ratios for incipient soot formation with C2H2, C2H4 and C2H6 fuels

The critical atomic carbon to oxygen ratios, Phi sub C, for incipient soot formation in shock heated acetylene, ethylene, ethane/oxygen/ argon mixtures was measured over the temperature range 2000 K to 2500 K for reactant partial pressures between 0.1 and 0.4 atoms. Absorption of light from a He-Ne laser at 6328A was was used to detect soot. It was observed that the values of Phi sub C for all three fuels increased uniformly with temperature such that at the highest temperatures Phi sub C was considerably greater than unity, i.e. greater than the value of about unity at which solid carbon should have been precipitated on a thermochemical equilibrium basis. Observations were made over periods extending up to about one millisecond, which was well in excess of the time required for the major heat release of the combustion reactions. The relevance of these experimental findings to the problem of soot formation in gas turbine combustion chambers is discussed

Effects of hydrostatic pressure on the mechanical behavior of body centered cubic refractory metals and alloys

Hydrostatic pressure on mechanical behavior of body centered cubic refractory metals and alloy

Whitened Geographies and Education Inequalities in Southern Chile

In this paper we draw on critical geographies and sociologies of race and education to explore ways in which the meanings and conducts of whiteness are reproduced in and through Chilean secondary education in an indigenous-majority area. We focus on links between socio-economic, geographical and racial criteria to understand how the privileges of whiteness are naturalised in the region’s educational provision and among Mapuche indigenous pupils. Although socio-economic inequalities are widely recognised to structure inequality between young people in Chile, we highlight the pervasiveness and unmarked nature of whiteness in the educational system in relation to the socio-spatial segregation of Mapuche pupils, secondary teachers’ attitudes, and young peoples’ self-positioning in the nation. These combine to marginalise and disempower Mapuche populations across the landscape of rural secondary schools in the Araucanía region of Chile.This work was supported by the Economic and Social Research Council [grant number RES-062- 23-3168].This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Journal of Intercultural Studies on 3 March 2015, available online: http://wwww.tandfonline.com/10.1080/07256868.2015.1008433

An experimental investigation of pressure fluctuations caused by the interaction of turbulence with shock and expansion waves

Pressure fluctuations caused by turbulence interaction with shock and expansion wave

Ideas in Action

Violence among human beings is not a new concept; it is associated with relationships for a long time. Violence can be of different forms such as acts of physical, sexual, psychological and economical abused treatments, without any boundaries of age, race, civilization, cultural values and geographical locations. Violence doe not only refer to physical aggression; but also incorporates emotional and psychological maltreatments that can be equally harmful as physical violence for the victims (Abramsky et al., 2011). The acts of violence have acutely negative impacts on social wellbeing of individuals, family structures, children’s upbringing and development of youth. It can potentially confine the rights of individuals to be implicated in a healthy societal existenc

Roaring nineties: Accounting history comes of age

The paper outlines developments in the accounting history literature during the 1990s. The introduction chronicles the immense broadening of publication opportunities in accounting history that characterized the decade. To a certain extent, this enhancement of outlets resulted from a richer dialogue among accounting historians who became increasingly willing to debate paradigmatic and methodological issues. In this context, the paper identifies and discusses traditional and critical forms of accounting history and reviews work within the paradigms of economic-rationalist, Foucauldian, and Marxist/labor-process studies. The major elements of debate between old and new perspectives on accounting history are discussed and linked to later collaborative efforts and refinements in the work of each genre. Major research projects published during the 1990s are identified, tabulated, and discussed. The paper concludes with a discussion of accounting history as the decade closed, with a particular focus on the opportunities and threats that may lie ahead for the field