Characterization Of Fish Protein Concentrate Obtained From The Nile Tilapia Filleting Residues [caracterização Do Concentrado Protéico De Peixe Obtido A Partir Dos Resíduos Da Filetagem De Tilápia Do Nilo]

This study aimed to obtain fish protein concentrate from mechanically deboned Nile tilapia using a modified methodology, as well as perform physical-chemical, microbiological and sensory analysis of the obtained product. The protein concentrate was obtained from mechanically deboned meat of Nile tilapia, by modifying an existing methodology, with changes in deodorizing and lipids removal steps. Chemical and physical-chemical raw material and product consisted of following analysis: moisture, fat, protein, ash, water activity and degree of lipid oxidation by the TBA test. The microbiological analysis consisted in the determination of Staphylococcus aureus, Coliforms at 45 °C and Salmonella sp. Test of Hedonic Scale assessed the acceptability of sensory attributes of appearance, color and aroma. Mechanically deboned meat and fish protein concentrate obtained, respectively, following values of chemical composition: moisture (77.24 and 4.85%), protein (17.48 and 85.16%), lipids (4.46 and 8.20%) and ash (1.02 and 2.45%). Attributes of color and appearance obtained following percentages of acceptance, 46.67 and 60.0%. Aroma had a great rejection, reaching a frequency of 70.0%. The modification made in the methodology for processing of fish protein concentrate allowed to obtain a product with low fat content, reduced moisture, high protein content, and appropriate microbiological quality that enabling to get a product that can be used for enrichment protein of various foods.332697704(2001) Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods. 4. Ed, p. 1219. , AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION. Washington, DC(1992) Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Analytical Chemistry. 12. Ed, p. 1115. , ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS - AOAC. Washington, DCDiário Oficial [Da] República Federativa Do Brasil, Brasília, 2 de Jan. 2001, , BRASIL. Ministério da Saúde. Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Resolução. RDC n. 12, 20 de dezembro de 2000. Aprova o regulamento técnico sobre os padrões microbiológicos para alimentosContreras-Guzmán, E.S., (2002) Bioquímica de Pescados e Invertebrados, p. 309. , Santiago: CECTA-USACHEymard, S., Carcouet, E., Rochet, M.-J., Dumay, J., Chopin, C., Genot, C., Development of lipid oxidation during manufacturing of horse mackerel surimi (2005) Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 85 (10), pp. 1750-1756. , DOI 10.1002/jsfa.2145Facco, E.M.P., (2002) Parâmetros de Qualidade Do Charque Relacionados Ao Efeito da Suplementação de Vitamina e Na Dieta de Bovinos da Raça Nelore em Confinamento., , Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia de Alimentos) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, CampinasGryschek, S.F.B., Oetterer, M., Gallo, C.R., Characterization and frozen storange stability of minced Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) (2003) Journal of Aquatic Food Product Techology, 12 (3), pp. 57-69. , BinghamtonJay, J.M., (2005) Microbiologia de Alimentos. 6. Ed, , Porto Alegre: ArtmedKirschnik, P.G., (2007) Avaliação da Estabilidade de Produtos Obtidos de Carne Mecanicamente Separada de Tilápia Nilótica (Oreochromis Niloticus)., , Tese (Doutorado em Aqüicultura) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, JaboticabalKirschnik, P.G., MacEdo-Viegas, E.M., Efeito da lavagem e da adição de aditivos sobre a estabilidade de carne mecanicamente separada de tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) durante a estocagem a -18°C (2009) Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, 29 (1), pp. 200-206. , CampinasLeonhardt, J.H., Caetano Filho, M., Frossard, H., Moreno, A.M., Características morfométricas rendimento e composição do filé de tilápia do Nilo Oreochromis niloticus da linhagem tailandesa local e do cruzamento de ambas (2006) Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 27 (1), pp. 125-132. , LondrinaNolasco, A.M., (2000) Resíduos da Colheita e Beneficiamento da Caixeta - Tabebuia Cassinoides (Lam) D.C.: Caracterização e Perspectivas., , Tese (Doutorado em Ciências) - Escola de Engenharia. Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São CarlosOetterer, M., Produção de silagem a partir da biomassa residual de pescado (1993) Alimentos e Nutrição, 5 (1), pp. 119-134. , São PauloOgawa, M., Química do pescado (1999) Manual de Pesca: Ciência e Tecnologia Do Pescado, pp. 29-48. , OGAWA, M.MAIA, E. L. (Ed.). São Paulo: Varela, cap. 4Pessatti, M.L., (2001) Aproveitamento dos subprodutos do pescado. Meta 11. Relatório final de ações prioritárias ao desenvolvimento da pesca e aqüicultura no sul do Brasil, , Convênio Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí: MA/SARC, n. 003/2000Rahayo, S., Sofos, J.N., Schmidt, G.R., Improved speed, specificity, and limit of determination of aqueous acid extraction thiobarbituric acid-C18 method for measuring lipid peroxidation in beef (1992) J. Agric. Food Chem., 40 (1), pp. 2182-2185. , WashingtonRebouças, M.C., Castro, R.J.S., Rodrigues, M.C.P., Mesquita, M.S.C., Vieira, J.M.M., Caracterização química de carne mecanicamente separada de tilápia-do-Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) obtida de diferentes sistemas de cultivo (2008) Encontro de Iniciação À Pesquisa, 14. , Fortaleza Anais. Fortaleza: Universidade de Fortaleza 2008Rebouças, M.C., Cavalcante, J.M., Avaliação das propriedades funcionais de fibras obtidas a partir de resíduos agroindustriais (2009) Encontro de Iniciação À Pesquisa, 15. , Fortaleza Anais. Fortaleza: Universidade de Fortaleza 2009Seibel, N.F., Souza-Soares, L.A., Produção de silagem química com resíduos de pescado marinho (2003) Brazilian Journal of Food Technology, 6 (2), pp. 333-337. , CampinasSouza, J.F., Bittencout, N.N., Gomes, C.S., De Oliveira, J.K., Dos Santos, R.M., Reis, I.A.O., Nunes, M.L., Narain, N., Desenvolvimento e caracterização físico- química e sensorial de nuggets formulados com concentrado protéico de pescado - MARINE BEEF (2010) Scientia Plena, 6 (3), pp. 1-4. , SergipeStevanato, F.B., Souza, N.E., Matsushita, M., Visentainer, J.V., Aproveitamento de resíduos valor nutricional e avaliação da degradação de pescado (2007) PUBVET, 1 (7). , http://www.pubvet.com.br/artigos_det.asp?artigo=171, Londrina, ed. 6, Art. 171. Disponível em. Acesso em: 30 nov 2011Sucasas, L.F.A., (2011) Avaliação Do Resíduo Do Processamento de Pescado e Desenvolvimento de Co-produtos Visando O Incremento da Sustentabilidade Na Cadeia Produtiva, , Tese (Doutorado em Ciências) - Universidade de São Paulo, São PauloVidal, J.M.A., (2007) Utilização de Resíduos de Filetagem de Tilápia-do-Nilo (Oreochromis Niloticus) Na Obtenção de Concentrado Protéico de Peixe: Caracterização Físico-química e Aceitação Sensorial, , Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia de Alimentos) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortalez

Aglutininas antileptospíricas em búfalos do Vale do Ribeira, Estado de São Paulo Anti-leptospire agglutinins in buffaloes from Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo State, Brazil

Foram estudadas aglutininas antileptospíricas em 403 amostras de soro de búfalos, provenientes de sete Municípios do Vale do Ribeira, Estado de São Paulo, coletadas no período de janeiro de 1992 a junho de 1993. Utilizou-se o teste de soroaglutinação microscópica, considerando-se positivas as amostras cujo título fosse igual ou superior a 100. O maior título encontrado foi 1600 para o sorovar bratislava (1 amostra), seguido de 800 para wolffi (4 amostras). Do total, 152 (37,7%) das amostras foram positivas, sendo que, dentre os sorovares testados, a prevalência em ordem decrescente foi: wolffi (68, 44,8%), icterohaemorrhagiae (51, 33,6%), hardjo (51, 33,6%), castellonis (25, 16,5%), djasiman (12, 7,9%), grippotyphosa (10, 6,6%), pomona (8, 5,2%), bratislava (6, 4,0%), copenhageni (5, 3,3%) e tarassovi (4, 2,7%).<br>A total of 403 buffaloes serum samples from seven counties of Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo State, Brazil, obtained between January 1992 and June 1993, were studied to determine the prevalence of anti-leptospire agglutinins using the microscopic serum agglutination test. A titre of 100 and above was considered positive. The highest titre found was 1600 to the sorovar bratislava (one sample), followed by 800 to wolffi (4 samples). 152 (37.7%) samples from the total were positive to the serovars tested, and their prevalence, in decreasing order, was: wolffi (68, 44.8%), icterohaemorrhagiae (51, 33.6%), hardjo (51, 33.6%), castellonis (25, 16.5%), djasiman (12, 7.9%), grippotyphosa (10, 6.6%), pomona (8, 5.2%), bratislava (6, 4.0%), copenhageni (5, 3.3%) and tarassovi (4, 2.7%)

Prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations in families with medium and high risk of breast and ovarian cancer in Brazil

Of all malignant neoplasias affecting women, breast cancer has the highest incidence rate in Brazil. The objective of the present study was to determine the frequency of genetic modifications in families with medium and high risk for breast and ovarian cancer from different regions of Brazil. An exploratory, descriptive study was carried out on the prevalence of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in case series of high-risk families for breast and/or ovarian cancer. After heredogram construction, a blood sample was taken and DNA extraction was performed in all index cases. The protein truncation test was used to screen for truncated mutations in exon 11 of the BRCA1 gene and in exons 10 and 11 of the BRCA2 gene. Of the 612 individuals submitted to genetic testing, 21 (3.4%), 19 women and 2 men, had mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. Of the 19 BRCA1 mutations found in the 18 participants, 7 consisted of ins6kb mutations, 4 were 5382insC, 3 were 2156delGinsCC, 2 were 185delAG, 1 was C1201G, 1 was C3522T, and 1 was 3450del4. With respect to the BRCA2 gene, 3 mutations were found: 5878del10, 5036delA and 4232insA (one case each). The prevalence of germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes found in the present study was lower than reported by other studies on high-risk Brazilian populations. The inclusion of individuals with medium risk may have contributed to the lower prevalence observed

Variscan Magmatism

This chapter aims to identify, characterize and locate the main facts/events related to orogenesis in the Iberian Peninsula. Its succession in space and time determines the geodynamic environment of the broader geological phenomenon corresponding to the Variscan cycle. In this sense, this section comprises two parts: I—The Iberian orogenic magmatism seen through a space-time approach of its westernmost region—focus on the enormous complexity of the inherited basement, its nature, age and distribution in space. Establishes a space-time sequence of geodynamic environments correlated with the obtained data and tries to identify the agents responsible for its genesis. Some case studies are presented to illustrated significant regional aspects of the magmatic process and II—An overview of the petrogenesis of the great batholiths and of the basic, intermediate and mantle-related rocks—identify and analyze a great amount of these rocks intruding and extruded from 400 to 280 Ma and to better understanding the large-scale process involving the whole lithosphere during Variscan cycle.publishe