355 research outputs found
A note on Friedmann equation of FRW universe in deformed Horava-Lifshitz gravity from entropic force
With entropic interpretation of gravity proposed by Verlinde, we obtain the
Friedmann equation of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe for the deformed
Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity. It is shown that, when the parameter of
Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity , the modified Friedmann
equation will go back to the one in Einstein gravity. This results may imply
that the entropic interpretation of gravity is effective for the deformed
Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity.Comment: 9 pages, no figure
Cosmological equations and Thermodynamics on Apparent Horizon in Thick Braneworld
We derive the generalized Friedmann equation governing the cosmological
evolution inside the thick brane model in the presence of two curvature
correction terms: a four-dimensional scalar curvature from induced gravity on
the brane, and a five-dimensional Gauss-Bonnet curvature term. We find two
effective four-dimensional reductions of the Friedmann equation in some limits
and demonstrate that they can be rewritten as the first law of thermodynamics
on the apparent horizon of thick braneworld.Comment: 25 pages, no figure, a definition corrected, several references
added, more motivation and discussio
Field Measurements of Terrestrial and Martian Dust Devils
Surface-based measurements of terrestrial and martian dust devils/convective vortices provided from mobile and stationary platforms are discussed. Imaging of terrestrial dust devils has quantified their rotational and vertical wind speeds, translation speeds, dimensions, dust load, and frequency of occurrence. Imaging of martian dust devils has provided translation speeds and constraints on dimensions, but only limited constraints on vertical motion within a vortex. The longer mission durations on Mars afforded by long operating robotic landers and rovers have provided statistical quantification of vortex occurrence (time-of-sol, and recently seasonal) that has until recently not been a primary outcome of more temporally limited terrestrial dust devil measurement campaigns. Terrestrial measurement campaigns have included a more extensive range of measured vortex parameters (pressure, wind, morphology, etc.) than have martian opportunities, with electric field and direct measure of dust abundance not yet obtained on Mars. No martian robotic mission has yet provided contemporaneous high frequency wind and pressure measurements. Comparison of measured terrestrial and martian dust devil characteristics suggests that martian dust devils are larger and possess faster maximum rotational wind speeds, that the absolute magnitude of the pressure deficit within a terrestrial dust devil is an order of magnitude greater than a martian dust devil, and that the time-of-day variation in vortex frequency is similar. Recent terrestrial investigations have demonstrated the presence of diagnostic dust devil signals within seismic and infrasound measurements; an upcoming Mars robotic mission will obtain similar measurement types
Ab initio atomistic thermodynamics and statistical mechanics of surface properties and functions
Previous and present "academic" research aiming at atomic scale understanding
is mainly concerned with the study of individual molecular processes possibly
underlying materials science applications. Appealing properties of an
individual process are then frequently discussed in terms of their direct
importance for the envisioned material function, or reciprocally, the function
of materials is somehow believed to be understandable by essentially one
prominent elementary process only. What is often overlooked in this approach is
that in macroscopic systems of technological relevance typically a large number
of distinct atomic scale processes take place. Which of them are decisive for
observable system properties and functions is then not only determined by the
detailed individual properties of each process alone, but in many, if not most
cases also the interplay of all processes, i.e. how they act together, plays a
crucial role. For a "predictive materials science modeling with microscopic
understanding", a description that treats the statistical interplay of a large
number of microscopically well-described elementary processes must therefore be
applied. Modern electronic structure theory methods such as DFT have become a
standard tool for the accurate description of individual molecular processes.
Here, we discuss the present status of emerging methodologies which attempt to
achieve a (hopefully seamless) match of DFT with concepts from statistical
mechanics or thermodynamics, in order to also address the interplay of the
various molecular processes. The new quality of, and the novel insights that
can be gained by, such techniques is illustrated by how they allow the
description of crystal surfaces in contact with realistic gas-phase
environments.Comment: 24 pages including 17 figures, related publications can be found at
http://www.fhi-berlin.mpg.de/th/paper.htm
Holographic dark energy with time varying parameter
We consider the holographic dark energy model in which the model parameter
evolves slowly with time. First we calculate the evolution of EoS
parameter as well as the deceleration parameter in this generalized version of
holographic dark energy (GHDE). Depending on the parameter , the phantom
regime can be achieved earlier or later compare with original version of
holographic dark energy. The evolution of energy density of GHDE model is
investigated in terms of parameter . We also show that the time-dependency
of can effect on the transition epoch from decelerated phase to
accelerated expansion. Finally, we perform the statefinder diagnostic for GHDE
model and show that the evolutionary trajectories of the model in plane
are strongly depend on the parameter .Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures, accepted by Astrophys Space Sc
Statefinder diagnosis and the interacting ghost model of dark energy
A new model of dark energy namely "ghost dark energy model" has recently been
suggested to interpret the positive acceleration of cosmic expansion. The
energy density of ghost dark energy is proportional to the hubble parameter. In
this paper we perform the statefinder diagnostic tool for this model both in
flat and non-flat universe. We discuss the dependency of the evolutionary
trajectories in and planes on the interaction parameter between
dark matter and dark energy as well as the spatial curvature parameter of the
universe. Eventually, in the light of SNe+BAO+OHD+CMB observational data, we
plot the evolutionary trajectories in and planes for the best fit
values of the cosmological parameters and compare the interacting ghost model
with other dynamical dark energy models. We show that the evolutionary
trajectory of ghost dark energy in statefinder diagram is similar to
holographic dark energy model. It has been shown that the statefinder location
of CDM is in good agreement with observation and therefore the dark
energy models whose current statefinder values are far from the CDM
point can be ruled out.Comment: 23 pages, 6 figure
Black hole thermodynamical entropy
As early as 1902, Gibbs pointed out that systems whose partition function
diverges, e.g. gravitation, lie outside the validity of the Boltzmann-Gibbs
(BG) theory. Consistently, since the pioneering Bekenstein-Hawking results,
physically meaningful evidence (e.g., the holographic principle) has
accumulated that the BG entropy of a black hole is
proportional to its area ( being a characteristic linear length), and
not to its volume . Similarly it exists the \emph{area law}, so named
because, for a wide class of strongly quantum-entangled -dimensional
systems, is proportional to if , and to if
, instead of being proportional to (). These results
violate the extensivity of the thermodynamical entropy of a -dimensional
system. This thermodynamical inconsistency disappears if we realize that the
thermodynamical entropy of such nonstandard systems is \emph{not} to be
identified with the BG {\it additive} entropy but with appropriately
generalized {\it nonadditive} entropies. Indeed, the celebrated usefulness of
the BG entropy is founded on hypothesis such as relatively weak probabilistic
correlations (and their connections to ergodicity, which by no means can be
assumed as a general rule of nature). Here we introduce a generalized entropy
which, for the Schwarzschild black hole and the area law, can solve the
thermodynamic puzzle.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in EPJ
Statefinder diagnostic and stability of modified gravity consistent with holographic and new agegraphic dark energy
Recently one of us derived the action of modified gravity consistent with the
holographic and new-agegraphic dark energy. In this paper, we investigate the
stability of the Lagrangians of the modified gravity as discussed in [M. R.
Setare, Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 17 (2008) 2219; M. R. Setare, Astrophys. Space
Sci. 326 (2010) 27]. We also calculate the statefinder parameters which
classify our dark energy model.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures, accepted by Gen. Relativ. Gravi
Cosmological evolution and statefinder diagnostic for new holographic dark energy model in non flat universe
In this paper, the holographic dark energy model with new infrared cut-off
proposed by Granda and Oliveros has been investigated in spatially non flat
universe. The dependency of the evolution of equation of state, deceleration
parameter and cosmological evolution of Hubble parameter on the parameters of
new HDE model are calculated. Also, the statefinder parameters and in
this model are derived and the evolutionary trajectories in plane are
plotted. We show that the evolutionary trajectories are dependent on the model
parameters of new HDE model. Eventually, in the light of SNe+BAO+OHD+CMB
observational data, we plot the evolutionary trajectories in and
planes for best fit values of the parameters of new HDE model.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, Accepted by Astrophys. Space Sc
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