1,446 research outputs found
Exploring efficient imperative handover mechanisms for heterogeneous wireless networks
The Next Generation Internet will provide ubiquitous
computing by the seamless operation of heterogeneous
wireless networks. It will also provide support for quality-ofservice, QoS, fostering new classes of applications and will havea built-in multi-level security environment. A key requirement of this new infrastructure will be support for efficient vertical handover. Y-Comm is a new architecture that will meet the challenge of this new environment. This paper explores the design of efficient imperative handover mechanisms using the Y-Comm Framework. It first looks at different types of handovers, then examines the Y-Comm Framework and shows how Y-Comm maps unto current mobile infrastructure. It then explores support for different handover mechanisms using Y-Comm. Finally, it highlights the development of a new testbed to further investigate
the proposed mechanisms
A QoS framework for heterogeneous networking
In order for next generation networks to support effective handover procedures, there is a need for defining QoS signaling mechanisms that guarantee the provision of point- to- point as well as network level QoS. This paper proposes a QoS signaling mechanism to be implemented by the Y-Comm architecture as a potential 4G framework. The proposed mechanism requires certain level of cooperation among network elements; therefore, it proposes some functional modules/ interfaces to be run on different network entities. As showed in the paper, the proposed mechanism could be implemented in different scenarios such as initial registration and connection, and also in the case of handover
Vulva and Vagina tumors: an overview
Review on Vulva and Vagina tumors: an overview, with data on clinics, and the genes involved
Uterus tumours: an overview
Review on Uterus tumours: an overview, with data on clinics, and the genes involved
Evaluation of cephalometric, hormonal and enzymatic parameters in young obese subjects
Aim The aim of the present investigation was to
analyse cephalometric skeletal structures and hormonal
and enzymatic parameters in young obese subjects in
comparison with those of normal weight subjects.
Materials and methods The whole sample consisted
of 50 Caucasian patients (28 males and 22 females)
whose lateral radiographs, laboratory hormonal and
enzymatic analyses were already available. The test
group included 25 obese patients (11 females and 14
males, average age: 9.8 ± 2.11 years old), while the
control group included 25 normal weight subjects
matched for age and sex (11 females and 14 males, 9.9 ±
2.5 years old). Data were statistically analysed: Student’s
t-test for independent samples was adopted and the
level of significance was set at: p< 0.05.
Results As regards cephalometric records, the anterior
cranial base length was significantly greater in the test
group (S-N: 69.9 ± 4 mm) compared to the controls
(S-N: 68.1 ± 2.7 mm). Moreover, the maxillary lenght
was higher in the test group (Pm-A: 48.5 ± 2.5 mm )
in comparison to the control group (Pm-A: 46.1 ± 1.9
mm). As regards skeletal class and vertical dimension,
no significant differences were found between the
two groups, with the exception of the intermaxillary
plane angle, which was significantly lower in the obese
subjects in comparison to the controls. Laboratory
analysis showed significant (p <0.05) higher levels of
leptin and insulin in the test group in comparison with
control subjects.
Furthermore, LH, FSH, IGF-1 values were significantly (p
<0.05) lower in the test group in comparison with the
control group.
Conclusion Obese subjects exhibited an increase of
some craniofacial parameters and alteration of some
laboratory parameters that may be involved in the
process of skeletal maturation, in comparison to normal
weight subjects. These findings may be of interest
in orthodontics, as young obese subjects may need a
different orthodontic treatment plan in comparison to
Evaluation normal weight subjects of the same age
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