On the choice of temperature profile at solving the heat conduction equation in spherical coordinates by the method of thermal balance integral

Solutions of the heat conduction equation for a sphere and an area limited from within by a spherical cavity have been obtained by means of the integrated method. The influence of the choice of the temperature profile on efficiency of the approached analytical solution is shown. The variant of solution specification in transitive area is offered

Two New Species of \u3ci\u3eRhabdias\u3c/i\u3e (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae) from the Marine Toad, \u3ci\u3eBufo marinus\u3c/i\u3e (L.) (Lissamphibia: Anura: Bufonidae), in Central America

Two new Rhabdias species are described from the lungs of the cane toad Bufo marinus (L.) from Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Rhabdias alabialis n. sp. differs from other known species of the genus by the remarkable morphology of its head end, i.e., the absence of lips or pseudolabia, the slitlike oral opening, and the triangular shape of the buccal capsule in apical view. Rhabdias pseudosphaerocephala n. sp. is identified as a form previously known in Central and South America as Rhabdias sphaerocephala Goodey, 1924, a species initially described from toads in Europe. The new species is differentiated from R. sphaerocephala based on head-end morphology and sequences of nuclear rDNA

Two New Species of \u3ci\u3eRhabdias\u3c/i\u3e (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae) from the Marine Toad, \u3ci\u3eBufo marinus\u3c/i\u3e (L.) (Lissamphibia: Anura: Bufonidae), in Central America

Two new Rhabdias species are described from the lungs of the cane toad Bufo marinus (L.) from Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Rhabdias alabialis n. sp. differs from other known species of the genus by the remarkable morphology of its head end, i.e., the absence of lips or pseudolabia, the slitlike oral opening, and the triangular shape of the buccal capsule in apical view. Rhabdias pseudosphaerocephala n. sp. is identified as a form previously known in Central and South America as Rhabdias sphaerocephala Goodey, 1924, a species initially described from toads in Europe. The new species is differentiated from R. sphaerocephala based on head-end morphology and sequences of nuclear rDNA

Sensitivity of depth of maximum and absorption depth of EAS to hadron production mechanism

Comparison of experimental data on depth of extensive air showers (EAS) development maximum in the atmosphere, T sub M and path of absorption, lambda, in the lower atmosphere of EAS with fixed particle number in the energy region eV with the results of calculation show that these parameters are sensitive mainly to the inelastic interaction cross section and scaling violation in the fragmentation and pionization region. The data are explained in a unified manner within the framework of a model in which scaling is violated slightly in the fragmentation region and strongly in the pionization region at primary cosmic rays composition close to the normal one and a permanent increase of inelastic interaction cross section. It is shown that, while interpreting the experimental data, disregard of two methodical points causes a systematic shift in T sub M: (1) shower selection system; and (2) EAS electron lateral distribution when performing the calculations on basis of which the transfer is made from the Cerenkov pulse FWHM to the depth of shower maximum, T sub M

Lorentz invariance violation in top-down scenarios of ultrahigh energy cosmic ray creation

The violation of Lorentz invariance (LI) has been invoked in a number of ways to explain issues dealing with ultrahigh energy cosmic ray (UHECR) production and propagation. These treatments, however, have mostly been limited to examples in the proton-neutron system and photon-electron system. In this paper we show how a broader violation of Lorentz invariance would allow for a series of previously forbidden decays to occur, and how that could lead to UHECR primaries being heavy baryonic states or Higgs bosons.Comment: Replaced with heavily revised (see new Abstract) version accepted by Phys. Rev. D. 6 page

Mirror World and its Cosmological Consequences

We briefly review the concept of a parallel `mirror' world which has the same particle physics as the observable world and couples to the latter by gravity and perhaps other very weak forces. The nucleosynthesis bounds demand that the mirror world should have a smaller temperature than the ordinary one. By this reason its evolution should substantially deviate from the standard cosmology as far as the crucial epochs like baryogenesis, nucleosynthesis etc. are concerned. In particular, we show that in the context of certain baryogenesis scenarios, the baryon asymmetry in the mirror world should be larger than in the observable one. Moreover, we show that mirror baryons could naturally constitute the dominant dark matter component of the Universe, and discuss its cosmological implications