Efficient compliance checking of RDF data

Automated compliance checking, i.e. the task of automatically assessing whether states of affairs comply with normative systems, has recently received a lot of attention from the scientific community, also as a consequence of the increasing investments in Artificial Intelligence technologies for the legal domain (LegalTech). The authors of this paper deem as crucial the research and implementation of compliance checkers that can directly process data in RDF format, as nowadays more and more (big) data in this format are becoming available worldwide, across a multitude of different domains. Among the automated technologies that have been used in recent literature, to the best of our knowledge, only two of them have been evaluated with input states of affairs encoded in RDF format. This paper formalizes a selected use case in these two technologies and compares the implementations, also in terms of simulations with respect to shared synthetic datasets

LARVA DE TERCER ESTADIO DE DIOCTOPHYME RENALE (GOEZE, 1782) (NEMATODA: ENOPLIDA) EN HOPLOSTERNUM LITTORALE (HANCOCK, 1828) (SILURIFORMES: CALLICHTHYIDAE) IN SUR DEL BRASIL

Dioctophyme renale (Goeze, 1782) ocurre en varias especies de carnívoros silvestres (cánidos y mustélidos) y también en perros domésticos. Oligoquetos acuáticos actúan como hospedadores, ranas y peces como hospedadores paraténicos. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo registrar larvas de tercer estadio de Dioctophyme renale en Hoplosternum littorale (Hancock, 1828) (Callichthyidae), en el sur de Brasil. Cuatro hospedadores recogidos de los canales urbanos del sur de Brasil fueron examinados. Los nematodos fueron fijados en AFA, conservados en el 70 ° GL alcohol glicerinado, y aclarados en lactofenol de Amann. Todos los hospedadores estaban infectados con larvas de tercer estadio de D. renale, con una larva por quiste, encontrados en la cavidad del cuerpo y en la serosa del estómago. La ocurrencia de larvas de tercer estadio de D. renale en Hoplosternum littorale sugiere que este pez tiene potencial como hospedador paraténico

Acute exposition to Roundup Transorb® induces systemic oxidative stress and alterations in the expression of newly sequenced genes in silverside fish (Odontesthes humensis)

Roundup Transorb® (RDT) is a glyphosate-based herbicide commonly used in agricultural practices worldwide. This herbicide exerts negative effects on the aquatic ecosystem and affects bioenergetic and detoxification pathways, oxidative stress, and cell damage in marine organisms. These effects might also occur at the transcriptional level; however, the expression of genes associated with oxidative stress has not been studied well. Odontesthes humensis is a native Brazilian aquatic species naturally distributed in the habitats affected by pesticides, including Roundup Transorb® (RDT). This study evaluated the toxic effects of short-term exposure to RDT on O. humensis. Moreover, the genes related to oxidative stress were sequenced and characterized, and their expressions in the gills, hepatopancreas, kidneys, and brain of the fish were quantified by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The animals were exposed to two environmentally relevant concentrations of RDT (2.07 and 3.68 mg L−1) for 24 h. Lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA damage, and apoptosis in erythrocytes were quantified by flow cytometry. The expression of the target genes was modulated in most tissues in the presence of the highest tested concentration of RDT. In erythrocytes, the levels of lipid peroxidation, ROS, and DNA damage were increased in the presence of both the concentrations of RDT, whereas cell apoptosis was increased in the group exposed to 3.68 mg L−1 RDT. In conclusion, acute exposure to RDT caused oxidative stress in the fish, induced negative effects on cells, and modulated the expression of genes related to the enzymatic antioxidant system in O. humensis.Fil: Martins, Amanda Weege S.. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; BrasilFil: Silveira, Tony L. R.. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Brasil. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande; BrasilFil: Remião, Mariana H.. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; BrasilFil: Domingues, William Borges. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; BrasilFil: Dellagostin, Eduardo N.. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; BrasilFil: Varela Junior, Antônio Sergio. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande; Brasil. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; BrasilFil: Corcini, Carine D.. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; BrasilFil: Costa, Patrícia G.. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande; BrasilFil: Bianchini, Adalto. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande; BrasilFil: Somoza, Gustavo Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús). Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (sede Chascomús); ArgentinaFil: Robaldo, Ricardo B.. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; BrasilFil: Campos, Vinicius Farias. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Brasi

Life history traits influence in gonad composition of two sympatric species of flatfish

AbstractParalichthys orbignyanus and Paralichthys patagonicus are flatfish with different life history traits, having in common the condition of breeding in seawater. Paralichthys patagonicus remain their whole life in open seawater and Paralichthys orbignyanus are sometimes found in brackish water bodies. As marine and estuarine food webs have different fatty acid (FA) compositions, the aim of this study was to characterize the gonadal maturation of P. orbignyanus and P. patagonicus females through the analysis of lipid content and FA profile in order to understand to what extent life history traits are reflected in the ovarian composition. During gonadal maturation lipid content increased and FA profiles changed in both species, but the lipid increase was greater in P. orbignyanus. The N-3FA and n-3HUFA proportions increased in both species but were higher in P. orbignyanus. The differences between the lifestyles of these species were reflected in the ovarian FA profile mainly as a result of differences in their FA metabolism, causing a greater accumulation of n-3FA and n-3HUFA in P. orbignyanus than in P. patagonicus. The higher lipid accumulation in P. orbignyanus’ ovaries could indicate that this species, feeding in brackish water bodies, has the possibility of storing more energy than P. patagonicus