Makna Frasa Roh Membawa Yesus untuk Dicobai Iblis dalam Matius 4:1-11 dan Implikasinya Bagi Kehidupan Orang Percaya

Tujuan penulisan skripsi ini adalah: Pertama, frasa Roh membawa Yesus untuk dicobai menunjukkan bahwa Roh yang membawa Yesus adalah Roh Kudus. Hal ini tidak menunjukkan bahwa Roh berada di atas Yesus sehingga memiliki otoritas kepada-Nya, tetapi Roh dalam posisi yang setara dengan Yesus. Peristiwa ini berada dalam rencana Allah bagi Yesus selama hidup-Nya di dalam dunia. Setelah Yesus dibaptis Dia akan segera memulai pelayanan-Nya di dalam dunia, tetapi sebelumnya Dia mengalami pencobaan terlebih dahulu. Pencobaan yang dialami Yesus berasal dari iblis dan bukan dari Roh Kudus. Kedua, Roh juga bisa membawa orang percaya untuk dicobai. Roh tidak mencobai, tetapi iblislah yang mencobai orang percaya. Roh membawa orang percaya untuk dicobai iblis atas seizin Allah dan tetap berada dalam kedaulatan dan pemeliharaan Allah bagi orang percaya. Allah punya rencana ketika Dia mengizinkan orang percaya dicobai oleh iblis. Orang percaya dapat bertahan dalam pencobaan itu dengan menggunakan firman Tuhan seperti teladan yang Yesus telah berikan ketika Dia sendiri dicobai oleh iblis

Employee Performance Analysis Through Leadership Style, Motivation & Work Discipline (at Waroeng Charity Manado)

Employee Performances are become important thing these days. Employee performance is assessed in terms of quality and quantity based on labor standards specified by the organization. Good performance is the optimal performance such as the appropriate performance standards of an organization and support achievement of organizational goals. There are many factors which give effect and influence in creating such a high employee performance. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of Leadership Style, Motivation and Work Discipline towards employee performance developed in Qualitative Method. This research used Qualitative Method , Descriptive Analysis to give a detail explanation about employee performance of Waroeng Charity based on the leadership style, motivation and work discipline as the factors which giving a influence to create a high or low employee performances. To ensure the accuracy of the analysis, this research uses in-depth interview until we get the saturation. The result of this research discovered that three factors are the main consideration for both employee and leader. The leadership style isnt suit enough with the employees, while the motivation & work discipline of the employee is really low. This means Waroeng Charity should reconsider to change the leadership style and focus improving the motivation and discipline by creating training and development. Keywords: employee performances, leadership style, motivation, work disciplin

20-HETE Mediates Ozone-Induced, Neutrophil-Independent Airway Hyper-Responsiveness in Mice

Background Ozone, a pollutant known to induce airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), increases morbidity and mortality in patients with obstructive airway diseases and asthma. We postulate oxidized lipids mediate in vivo ozone-induced AHR in murine airways.Methodology/Principal Findings Male BALB/c mice were exposed to ozone (3 or 6 ppm) or filtered air (controls) for 2 h. Precision cut lung slices (PCLS; 250 µm thickness) containing an intrapulmonary airway (∼0.01 mm$^2$ lumen area) were prepared immediately after exposure or 16 h later. After 24 h, airways were contracted to carbachol (CCh). Log EC$_{50}$ and E$_{\text{max}}$ values were then calculated by measuring the airway lumen area with respect to baseline. In parallel studies, dexamethasone (2.5 mg/kg), or 1-aminobenzotriazol (ABT) (50 mg/kg) were given intraperitoneal injection to naïve mice 18 h prior to ozone exposure. Indomethacin (10 mg/kg) was administered 2 h prior. Cell counts, cytokine levels and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for lipid analysis were assessed in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from ozone exposed and control mice. Ozone acutely induced AHR to CCh. Dexamethasone or indomethacin had little effect on the ozone-induced AHR; while, ABT, a cytochrome P450 inhibitor, markedly attenuated airway sensitivity. BAL fluid from ozone exposed animals, which did not contain an increase in neutrophils or interleukin (IL)-6 levels, increased airway sensitivity following in vitro incubation with a naïve PCLS. In parallel, significant increases in oxidized lipids were also identified using LC-MS with increases of 20-HETE that were decreased following ABT treatment.Conclusions/Significance These data show that ozone acutely induces AHR to CCh independent of inflammation and is insensitive to steroid treatment or cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition. BAL fluid from ozone exposed mice mimicked the effects of in vivo ozone exposure that were associated with marked increases in oxidized lipids. 20-HETE plays a pivotal role in mediating acute ozone-induced AHR