The conflictual dynamics of polities and ethnopolitogenesis

© Medwell Journals, 2016.The study puts forward the idea of relationship of polities dynamics with ethnogenetic dynamics that allows to suggest the existence of ethnopolitogenesis as a single process. The ethnogenetic dynamics is expressed by the fact that the ethnicity undergoes throughout its life a series of age phases, stable periods and phase transitions separating these periods-unstable crisis periods, for which is specific large-scale domestic conflicts and major military defeats of the state established by it. The ethnogenetic dynamics is determined by the population qualitative composition dynamics, i.e., by the dynamics of the proportion of the individuals of different energy types as the part of the ethnic group. It's developed a universal and invariant regularity with regard to polity types, ethnicities and historic epochs, linking the polity dynamics in its conflictual aspect with the dynamics of population quality, the numerical algorithm of ethnopolitogenesis. The following hypothesis is stated that at the bottom of the algorithm existence is the synchronization dynamics quality by climatic cycles associated with solar activity cycles

Population Characteristic of the Volga zander Sander volgense (Percidae) in the Kuibyshev reservoir

© 2016, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.The analysis of the size composition, age structure, linear growth, and fecundity of the Volga zander Sander volgense has been performed in the Kuibyshev reservoir. To date, the growth rates of the species have decreased slightly compared to the 1970s. Over the period from 2000 to 2013, catch volumes of Volga zander tended to increase

Tetrahydroxosulfatotrimagnesium Octahydrate, 2Mg(OH)2 · MgSO4 · 8H2O

Magnesium hydroxosulfate (2Mg(OH)2·MgSO4·8H2O) was synthesized. The compound was studied by chemical, thermal, and X-ray powder diffraction analyses, as well as by microscopy and IR spectroscopy. The structure of its crystals was suggested and the unit cell parameters were determined: monoclinic space group Pm, a = 1884.7 ± 0.4 pm, b = 1093.5 ± 0.4 pm, c = 1143.0 ± 0.4 pm, β = 95.44 ± 0.05°, Z = 4, dcalc = 2.162 g/cm3, dobs = 2.152 g/cm3. The crystal-chemical formula is [Mg3(OH)4(H2O)5] ∞·SO4·3H2O

「医誌」の発刊に想う

Magnesium hydroxosulfate (2Mg(OH)2·MgSO4·8H2O) was synthesized. The compound was studied by chemical, thermal, and X-ray powder diffraction analyses, as well as by microscopy and IR spectroscopy. The structure of its crystals was suggested and the unit cell parameters were determined: monoclinic space group Pm, a = 1884.7 ± 0.4 pm, b = 1093.5 ± 0.4 pm, c = 1143.0 ± 0.4 pm, β = 95.44 ± 0.05°, Z = 4, dcalc = 2.162 g/cm3, dobs = 2.152 g/cm3. The crystal-chemical formula is [Mg3(OH)4(H2O)5] ∞·SO4·3H2O

Измерение анатомических структур во время лапароскопических вмешательств

Determining the exact sizes of anatomical structures play a very important today in laparoscopic surgery. This makes it possible to make a correct selection of gauges of instruments needed, prosthetic materials, and to make decisions regarding the further strategy of the surgical procedure. The device developed at the clinic has proven itself in everyday clinical practices. It is currently used in laparoscopic operations for hiatal hernias, choledoch measurements in patients with choledocholithiasis, stomach stump size measurements during the resection in patients with morbid obesity. The presented clinical case serves to confirm that obtaining objective data in video endoscopic surgery makes it possible to choose the optimal treatment strategy.На сегодня в лапароскопической хирургии очень важную роль играет определение точных размеров анатомических структур, что позволяет наиболее верно подбирать необходимые размеры инструментов, протезирующих материалов, выбирать дальнейшую тактику оперативного вмешательства. Разработанное в клинике устройство хорошо зарекомендовало себя в повседневной клинической практике и на данный момент применяется при выполнении лапароскопических операций по поводу хиатальных грыж, измерении размеров холедоха у пациентов с холедохолитиазом, измерением размеров культи желудка при резекции его у пациентов с морбидным ожирением. Данный клинический случай доказывает, что получение объективных данных в видеоэндохирургии позволяет выбрать оптимальную тактику лечения заболеваний

Случай клещевой пятнистой лихорадки у ребенка, прибывшего из Крыма

A case of Tick-borne spotted fever in a child after a visit to an endemic region, the Republic of Crimea, is described. The disease caused difficulty in terms of clinical diagnosis, which led to the delayed prescription of specific therapy with doxycycline. The diagnosis of Тick-borne spotted fever was made on the basis of detecting R. conorii DNA in a washout with primary affect. In the course of the disease, IgM class antibodies were detected during serological analysis of paired serum.Приводится описание случая клещевой пятнистой лихорадки у ребенка после посещения эндемичного региона — республики Крым. Заболевание вызвало затруднение в плане клинической диагностики, что привело к отсроченному назначению специфической терапии доксициклином. Диагноз клещевой пятнистой лихорадки был поставлен на основании выявления ДНК R. conorii в смыве с первичного аффекта. В динамике заболевания были выявлены антитела класса IgM при серологическом исследовании парных сывороток крови

Определение антител к B. Burgdorferi методом иммуноферментного анализа у пациентов с иксодовым клещевым боррелиозом

The detection of antibodies to borrelia by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) significantly depends on the time from the onset of the disease.Purpose: analysis of the results of antibodies determination to borrelia by ELISA in children and adults with Lyme borreliosis (LB) at various periods from the onset of the disease.Material and methods. We conducted a retrospective, non-randomized, single-center cohort study, based on the analysis of data from 178 outpatient records of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of LB and the presence of antibody detection results by ELISA. Immunological confirmation of the diagnosis of LB was carried out by using ELISA and western blot test systems registered in the territory of the Russian Federation for the separate determination of immunoglobulins to Borrelia burgdorferi antigens of classes M and G. Results. When counting from the date of the onset of the disease, IgM and/or IgG were determined in 76% of patients at 4-6 weeks, and starting from the 7th week – in 95%. When counting from the date of tick bite, IgG with or without IgM was determined in 83% of patients starting from 7th week. At the same time, a significantly large proportion of seronegative patients among children was revealed. We have clarified the duration of antibody persistence after antibacterial therapy. In the interval from 1 to 6 months, antibodies are detected in 73% of patients. For a period of 6 months or more, antibodies can be detected in 42% of patients.Conclusion. The optimal time for detecting antibodies from the disease onset is 4-6 weeks. Antibodies after antibiotic therapy can persist for a long time, in a third of patients up to 6 months or more.Обнаружение антител к боррелиям методом иммуноферментного анализа (ИФА) значительно зависит от сроков дебюта заболевания.Цель: изучение результатов определения антител к боррелиям методом ИФА у детей и взрослых с иксодовым клещевым боррелиозом (ИКБ) на различных сроках от дебюта заболевания.Материалы и методы. Проведено ретроспективное, нерандомизированное, одноцентровое когортное исследование, основанное на анализе данных 178 амбулаторных карт пациентов с подтвержденным диагнозом ИКБ и наличием результатов определения антител методом ИФА. Иммунологическое подтверждение диагноза ИКБ проводилось с использованием зарегистрированных на территории РФ тест-систем для раздельного определения иммуноглобулинов к антигенам Borrelia burgdorferi классов M и G методами ИФА, иммунного блота.Результаты. При отсчете от даты начала заболевания, IgM и/или IgG определялись у 76% на 4-6 неделях, а начиная с 7-й недели – у 95% пациентов. При отсчете от даты присасывания клеща IgG с/без IgM определялись у 83% пациентов начиная с 7-й недели. При этом, выявлена значимо большая доля серонегативных пациентов среди детей. Уточнены сроки персистенции антител после проведения антибактериальной терапии. В интервале от 1 до 6 месяцев антитела определялись у 73% пациентов. На сроке 6 и более месяцев от окончания терапии антитела выявлялись у 42% пациентов.Заключение. Оптимальный срок для выявления антител от появления клинических симптомов – 4-6 недель. Антитела после проведенной антибиотикотерапии могут персистировать длительно, у трети пациентов до 6 и более месяцев

Polity and population quality dynamics

The paper puts forward the idea of polity dynamics relationship with ethnogenetic dynamics that suggests the existence of ethno and policy genesis as a single process. The ethnogenetic dynamics is expressed by the fact that ethnicity throughout its life undergoes a series of age phases - stable periods and phase transitions separating these periods - unstable crisis periods, for which large-scale domestic conflicts and major military defeats of the state established by it are natural. The ethnogenetic dynamics is determined by the population qualitative composition dynamics, i.e. the dynamics of individual shares for different energy types as the part of an ethnic group. Universal and invariant regularity is developed for polity types, ethnicities and historic epochs linking the polity dynamics in its conflict aspect with the dynamics of population qualitative composition - a numerical algorithm of ethno and policy genesis. The following hypothesis is stated that the algorithm existence is based on the synchronization dynamics quality by climatic cycles associated with solar activity cycles. © 2014 AENSI Publisher All rights reserved

Nonylphenol Ethoxylate Surfactants Modified by Carboxyl Groups for Foam EOR at High-Salinity Conditions

High mineralization of water complicates the use of foam in reservoir conditions. Anionic–nonionic surfactants are one of the best candidates for these conditions since they have both high surface activity and salt tolerance. One of the ways to obtain anionic–nonionic surfactants is to modify nonionic surfactants by an anionic group. The type of the group and its chemical structure can strongly affect the properties of the surfactant. In this work, widely-produced nonionic surfactant nonylphenol (12) ethoxylate (NP12EO) was modified by new types of carboxylic groups through the implementation of maleic (NP12EO-MA) and succinic (NP12EO-SA) anhydrides with different saturation levels. The main objectives of this work were to compare synthesized surfactants with nonionic precursor and to reveal the influence of unsaturated bonds in the carboxyl group on the properties of the foam. NaCl concentration up to 20 wt% was used to simulate high mineralization conditions, as well as to assess the effect of unsaturated bonds on foam properties. Synthesized anionic–nonionic surfactants retained surfactant solubility and long-term stability in high-salinity water, but have better foaming ability, as well as higher apparent viscosity, in porous media. The presence of an unsaturated bond in NP12EO-MA surfactant lowers foaming ability at high mineralization

FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS AND THEIR ROLE IN EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT

The article reveals the issue of public-private partnership development in educational sphere. Views of various authors and international organizations are summarized; the author's opinion on the notion of public-private partnership is stated. A detailed list of models and examples of foreign public-private partnerships in education is given