Attraction of the Invasive Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) to Traps Baited with Semiochemical Stimuli Across the United States

A recent identification of the two-component aggregation pheromone of the invasive stink bug species, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), in association with a synergist, has greatly improved the ability to accurately monitor the seasonal abundance and distribution of this destructive pest. We evaluated the attraction of H. halys to black pyramid traps baited with lures containing the pheromone alone, the synergist methyl (2E,4E,6Z)-decatrienoate (MDT) alone, and the two lures in combination. Traps were deployed around areas of agricultural production including fruit orchards, vegetables, ornamentals, or row crops in Delaware, Maryland, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia from mid-April to mid-October, 2012 and 2013. We confirmed that H. halys adults and nymphs are attracted to the aggregation pheromone season long, but that attraction is significantly increased with the addition of the synergist MDT. H. halys adults were detected in April with peak captures of overwintering adults in mid- to late May. The largest adult captures were late in the summer, typically in early September. Nymphal captures began in late May and continued season long. Total captures declined rapidly in autumn and ceased by mid-October. Captures were greatest at locations in the Eastern Inland region, followed by those in the Eastern Coastal Plain and Pacific Northwest. Importantly, regardless of location in the United States, all mobile life stages of H. halys consistently responded to the combination of H. halys aggregation pheromone and the synergist throughout the entire season, suggesting that these stimuli will be useful tools to monitor for H. halys in managed system

Openness as organizing principle: domains, dimensions, designs and dynamics – introduction to the special issue

‘Openness’ has become an organizational leitmotif of our time, spreading across a growing set of organizational domains. However, discussions within these specialized domains (e.g. open data, open government or open innovation) treat openness in isolation and specific to the particularities of those domains. The intention of this Special Issue therefore is to foster cross-domain conversations to exchange insights and build cumulative knowledge on openness. To do so, this Introduction to the Special Issue argues that openness should be investigated as a general organizing principle, which we refer to as Open Organizing. Across domains, we define Open Organizing as a dynamic organizing principle along the primary dimension of transparency/opacity and the secondary dimensions of inclusion/exclusion and distributed/concentrated decision rights. As such, Open Organizing raises an overarching problem of design, which results from more specific epistemic, normative and political challenges

Interpreneurship: Vernetztes und vernetzendes unternehmerisches Denken, Entscheiden und Handeln

Interpreneurship kann verkürzt als Unternehmertum in Unternehmensnetzwerken aufgefasst werden. Hierbei grenzt es sich durch die Charakteristika des Entrepreneurship von benachbarten Disziplinen ab. Zum einen kann Interpreneurship als vernetztes Unternehmertum und somit income-orientiert aufgefasst werden. Hierbei steht insbesondere die Frage nach der Herkunft unternehmerischer Gelegenheiten im Vordergrund. Zum anderen zeigt sich Interpreneurship jedoch auch als vernetzendes Unternehmertum und betont die Outcome-Orientierung sowie die gestaltbare Proaktivität der Managementkonzeption. Gesamtaufgabe des Interpreneurship ist es, diese in weiten Teilen des Unternehmens stattfindenden Teilprozesse zu koordinieren und unter Effizienzgesichtspunkten proaktiv zu gestalten