Exchanging screen for non-screen sitting time or physical activity might attenuate depression and anxiety: A cross-sectional isotemporal analysis during early pandemics in South America

Objectives: To examine the theoretical substitutions of screen exposure, non-screen sitting time, moderate and vigorous physical activity with depressive and anxiety symptoms in South American adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design: A cross-sectional study during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic with data from 1981 adults from Chile, Argentina, and Brazil. Methods: Depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Participants also reported physical activity, sitting time, screen exposure, sociodemographic, and tobacco use data. Isotemporal substitution models were created using multivariable linear regression methods. Results: Vigorous physical activity, moderate physical activity, and screen exposure were independently associated with depression and anxiety symptoms. In adjusted isotemporal substitution models, replacing 10 min/day of either screen exposure or non-screen sitting time with any intensity of physical activity was associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms. Improvements in anxiety symptoms were found when reallocating either screen exposure or non-screen sitting time to moderate physical activity. Furthermore, replacing 10 min/day of screen exposure with non-screen sitting time was beneficially associated with anxiety (B = − 0.033; 95 % CI = − 0.059, − 0.006) and depression (B = − 0.026; 95 % CI = − 0.050, − 0.002). Conclusions: Replacement of screen exposure with any intensity of physical activity or non-screen sitting time could improve mental health symptoms. Strategies aiming to reduce depressive and anxiety symptoms highlight physical activity promotion. However, future interventions should explore specific sedentary behaviors as some will relate positively while others negatively.Fil: Sadarangani, Kabir P.. Universidad Autónoma de Chile; Chile. Universidad Diego Portales; ChileFil: Schuch, Felipe Barreto. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Brasil. Universidad Autónoma de Chile; ChileFil: de Roia, Gabriela Fernanda. Universidad de Flores. Laboratorio de Estudios en Actividad Física;Fil: Martínez Gomez, David. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; España. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; España. Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health; EspañaFil: Chávez, Róbinson. Universidad Andrés Bello; ChileFil: Lobo, Pablo Roberto. Universidad de Flores. Laboratorio de Estudios en Actividad Física;Fil: Cristi Montero, Carlos. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; ChileFil: Werneck, André O.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Alzahrani, Hosam. Taif University; Arabia SauditaFil: Ferrari, Gerson. Universidad de Santiago de Chile; ChileFil: Ibañez, Agustin Mariano. Universidad de San Andrés; Argentina. University of California; Estados Unidos. Trinity College Dublin; Irlanda. Universidad Adolfo Ibañez; Chile. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Silva, Danilo R.. Universidade Federal de Sergipe; Brasil. Universidad Pablo de Olavide; EspañaFil: Von Oetinger, Astrid. Universidad Diego Portales; Chile. Universidad Mayor; ChileFil: Matias, Thiago S.. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; BrasilFil: Grabovac, Igor. Universidad de Viena; AustriaFil: Meyer, Jacob. Iowa State University; Estados Unido

Characterization of the physical capacity in children of the Chilean national program of cystic fibrosis

Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited, progressive, multisystem disease. Better physical capacity may slow disease progression, thus improving prognosis and survival. The objective of this research was to evaluate the physical capacity of children admitted to the National CF Program of the Metropolitan Region, Chile. Patients and Method: A multicenter, cross-sectional study design was used. The inclusion criteria were children aged 6 to 12 years enrolled in the National CF Program; Tanner sexual maturity stage I, no respiratory exacerbations in the last 30 days, and no musculoskeletal pathologies. The maximum aerobic capacity was assessed through the peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak) and determined with an incremental protocol in a magnetic cycle ergometer connected to an ergo-spirometer with which, at the same time, respiratory gases, oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production values every 30 seconds, anaerobic threshold, and maximum workload were analyzed. The values of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, and forced expiratory flows between 25% and 75% of vital capacity were assessed through ergo-spirometry. At the beginning of the ergo-spirometry, arterial oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, heart rate, blood pressure, tidal volume and the perception of lower extremity fatigue and dyspnea were recorded using the modified Borg scale. The test lasted approximately 10 minutes. Results: The clinical records of 43 children collected from six health centers were reviewed. Out of these, 29 children met inclusion criteria, and 23 were recruited. Two children were unable to participate, reducing the final subject group to 21 (13 males, 8 females). The mean age was 8.8 ± 2 years; weight 30.5 ± 10.9 kg; height 1.32 ± 0.11 m; and body mass index 17.1 ± 3.5 (z-score 0.01 ± 1.34). More than half of the children (61%) had normal weight. The obtained VO2 peak was 43.7 ± 6.5 ml/min/kg (106.7 ± 19.8% of the predictive values). Only 10% of the children had values lower than those predicted by sex and age. No correlations were found between VO2 peak and anthropometric and pulmonary function variables. Conclusion: Most of the evaluated children (90%) had physical capacity similar to healthy subjects by sex and age

Maximum aerobic power, lower limb explosive strength and isokinetic peak torque in chilenean professional and college soccer players

El fútbol es un deporte que solicita de acuerdo a sus características fisiológicas, desempeño aeróbicoanaeróbico, además de fuerza y potencia muscular. Con el propósito de determinar características funcionales en futbolistas profesionales Chilenos y compararlas con jugadores seleccionados universitarios, se obtuvo una muestra compuesta por 40 futbolistas profesionales y 19 seleccionados universitarios. Se determinó su Vo2 máx, Squat Jump (SJ), Counter Movement Jump (CMJ), Abalakov (ABAL) y el peak de torque isocinético para la extensión de rodilla a velocidades angulares de 60°/s, 180°/s y 300°/s. Los resultados arrojaron un Vo2 máx de 56,2±5,7 mlO2/min/kg, para los profesionales y de 50,4±4,06 mlO2/ min/kg para los universitarios (p<0,05). Para SJ el valor fue de 36,2±2,7 cm y 30,6±3,2 cm; para CMJ fue de 41,4±4,1cm y 35,8±3,5 cm; para ABAL fue de 48,5±4,6 cm y 41,6±3,7 cm para profesionales y universitarios respectivamente (p<0,05). El peak de torque promedio de las extremidades inferiores fue para 60°/s de 220,6±29,7 Nm y 195±30,5 Nm; para 180°/s de 148±18,7 Nm y 135,7±19,1 Nm; para 300°/s fue de 113,3±15,9 Nm y 101,8± 16,3 Nm para profesionales y universitarios respectivamente. Hubo diferencia significativa en 60°/s y 300°/s (p<0,05). Los valores de Vo2 máx se encuentran para los profesionales en el rango inferior reportado por otras investigaciones. Así mismo ocurre con el peak de torque isocinético para 60°/s y 180°/s. En cuanto a los valores de SJ y CMJ, según los reportes de datos de C. Bosco, los jugadores están en un nivel similar a otros jugadores profesionales internacionales. En conclusión, para las variables estudiadas, los jugadores profesionales presentan en general mejores valores que los seleccionados universitarios. Sin embargo, en el contexto internacional, los valores de los profesionales son más bajos.Soccer is a sport that requires according to their physiological characteristics, aerobic-anaerobic performance, as well as muscle strength and power. To determine functional characteristics in Chilean professional soccer players and compare them with college soccer players, 40 professional soccer players and 19 college soccer players were evaluated. It was determined his Vo2 max, Squat Jump (SJ), Counter Movement Jump (CMJ), Abalakov (ABAL) and peak torque to the knee extension of isokinetic at speeds of 60 ° / s, 180 ° / s and 300 ° / S. The results showed a Vo2 max of 56.2 ± 5.7 mlO2/min/kg, for professionals and 50.4 ± 4.06 mlO2/min/kg for college players (p <0.05). For SJ value was 36.2 ± 2.7 cm, 30.6 ± 3.2 cm; for CMJ was 41.4 ± 4.1 cm, 35.8 ± 3.5 cm; for ABAL was 48 , 5 ± 4.6 ± 3.7 cm and 41.6 cm for professionals and college players respectively (p <0.05). The average peak torque of the lower extremities was to 60 ° / s 220.6 ± 29.7 Nm and 195 ± 30.5 Nm; to 180 ° / s was 148 ± 18.7 Nm and 135.7 ± 19.1 Nm; to 300 ° / s was 113.3 ± 15.9 Nm and 101.8 ± 16.3 Nm for professionals and college players respectively. There was a significant difference in 60 ° / s and 300 ° / s (p <0.05). Vo2 max values are for professionals in the lower range reported by other research. It also happens to the peak torque isokinetic to 60 ° / s and 180 ° / s. With regard to the values of SJ and CMJ, according to reports data C. Bosco, the players are at a level similar to other professional players. In conclusion, for the variables studied, professional players show highest values compared to college players. However, in the international context, the values of the professionals are lower.Sin financiaciónNo data 200