Linguistic description of specific names of bacteria of the genus Bartonella

The purpose of the study is to find the Latin names of of all types of bacteria of the genus Bartonella, to identify their etymology, to determine the structure of nomenclature names and the main groups of species names.Цель исследования – найти латинские названия всех видов бактерий рода бартонелла, выявить их этимологию, определить структуру номенклатурных наименований и основные группы видовых наименований

Cluster superconductivity in the magnetoelectric Pb(Fe1/2Sb1/2)O3 ceramics

We report the observation of cluster (local) superconductivity in the magnetoelectric Pb(Fe1/2Sb1/2)O3 ceramics prepared at a hydrostatic pressure of 6 GPa and temperatures 1200-1800 K to stabilize the perovskite phase. The superconductivity is manifested by an abrupt drop of the magnetic susceptibility at the critical temperature TC 7 K. Both the magnitude of this drop and TC decrease with magnetic field increase. Similarly, the low-field paramagnetic absorption measured by EPR spectrometer drops significantly below TC as well. The observed effects and their critical magnetic field dependence are interpreted as manifestation of the superconductivity and Meissner effect in metallic Pb nanoclusters existing in the ceramics. Their volume fraction and average size were estimated as 0.1-0.2% and 140-150 nm, respectively. The superconductivity related effects disappear after oxidizing annealing of the ceramics.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

Structure of myonyms in latin anatomic terminology

The article outlines the principles for constructing myonyms, or muscle names, in Latin anatomical terminology. Myonyms are divided into 3 main groups – ‘skeletal ’, smooth and heart muscle. The structure of the muscle name is a phrase based on the Latin word «musculus» ‘muscle’ and consistent with it and uncoordinated definitions that refer to it, on the basis of which their classification is based. The study agreed definitions, we have identified 6 major groups minimow and their derivational patterns – names of muscles according to the form; the number of tendons; the direction of fibres; in respect to the joints; according to the location in the human body; functions. Inconsistent definitions distribute muscles in relation to body parts. That is why they contain the appropriate structural components.Key words: Latin anatomical terminology, muscle names, the structure of the monyms.В статье изложены принципы построения мионимов, или наименований мышц, в латинской анатомической терминологии. Мионимы подразделяются на 3 основные группы – ‘скелетные’, ‘гладкие’ и ‘сердечная мышца’. Структура названия мышцы представляют собой словосочетание на основе латинского слова «musculus» ‘мышца’ и оносящихся к нему согласованных и несогласованных определений, на основе которых строится их классификация. В результате исследования согласованных определений нами были выявлены 6 основных групп мионимов и их словообразовательных моделей – наименования мышц по форме; по количеству сухожилий; по направлению волокон; по отношению к суставам; по расположению в теле человека; по выполняемой функции. Несогласованные определения распределяют мышцы по отношению к частям тела. Именно поэтому они содержат соответствующие структурные компоненты

INVESTIGATION OF SORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYMERIC MINERAL-FILLED COMPOSITES FOR MEDICINE

The polymer compositions on the base of acrylic derivatives and bentonite particles modified by silver ions with various share and dispersion are received and studied by radical polymerization in the water. Partially neutralized acrylic acid, acrylamide and methylene-bis-acrilamide and particles of bentonite with fraction 0 - 0,05 mass.% are chosen as initial substances. The influence of bentonite concentration on absorbing characteristics of polymer materials in the distilled water is shown. It is demonstrated that the increase of bentonite fraction up to 5 mass.% leads to the rise of degree of equilibrium swelling by 1,5 – 2 times in comparison with an unfilled polymer matrix. The acrylic nanocompositions with a mass fraction of bentonite equal to 0,01 mass.% possess the greatest kinetic characteristics. Kinetic dependences of new composite materials swelling in physiological solution from a filler dispersion part are investigated. It is shown that in high dispersion (with particle size less than 0,25 mm) a part of mineral–containing filler equal to 1 mass.% leads to significant increase in values of equilibrium swelling degree in comparison with an unfilled sample (by 1,5 times). The effect of polyelectrolyte suppression of polymer composition swelling in physiological solution is studied. It results in values reduction of equilibrium swelling degree in comparison with these values in the distilled water. Application prospects for the received compositions are shown at bandages creation for wounds treatment of various etiologies. Research results are recommended for usage in medical practice for optimization of wound process march

Voynich manuscript, history and attempts to decrypt the text

The article considers a famous work by an unknown author which come to be known as "Voynich Manuscript". Also history of the manuscript, her potential authors, content, decipherment attempts, relation to Medieval culture and its relation with LatinВ статье рассмотрен знаменитый труд неизвестного автора, который принято называть «Рукописью Войнича», а также история этой рукописи, ее возможные авторы, содержание и попытки ее дешифровки, а так же отношение этого текста к культуре Средневековья и его соотношение с латинским языко

Data on gut metagenomes of the patients with Helicobacter pylori infection before and after the antibiotic therapy

© 2017Antibiotic therapy can lead to the disruption of gut microbiota community with possible negative outcomes for human health. One of the diseases for which the treatment scheme commonly included antibiotic intake is Helicobacter pylori infection. The changes in taxonomic and functional composition of microbiota in patients can be assessed using “shotgun” metagenomic sequencing. Ten stool samples were collected from 4 patients with Helicobacter pylori infection before and directly after the H. pylori eradication course. Additionally, for two of the subjects, the samples were collected 1 month after the end of the treatment. The samples were subject to “shotgun” (whole-genome) metagenomic sequencing using Illumina HiSeq platform. The reads are deposited in the ENA (project ID: PRJEB18265)

Intraspecies Variation in the Emergence of Hyperinfectious Bacterial Strains in Nature

Salmonella is a principal health concern because of its endemic prevalence in food and water supplies, the rise in incidence of multi-drug resistant strains, and the emergence of new strains associated with increased disease severity. Insights into pathogen emergence have come from animal-passage studies wherein virulence is often increased during infection. However, these studies did not address the prospect that a select subset of strains undergo a pronounced increase in virulence during the infective process- a prospect that has significant implications for human and animal health. Our findings indicate that the capacity to become hypervirulent (100-fold decreased LD50) was much more evident in certain S. enterica strains than others. Hyperinfectious salmonellae were among the most virulent of this species; restricted to certain serotypes; and more capable of killing vaccinated animals. Such strains exhibited rapid (and rapidly reversible) switching to a less-virulent state accompanied by more competitive growth ex vivo that may contribute to maintenance in nature. The hypervirulent phenotype was associated with increased microbial pathogenicity (colonization; cytotoxin production; cytocidal activity), coupled with an altered innate immune cytokine response within infected cells (IFN-β; IL-1β; IL-6; IL-10). Gene expression analysis revealed that hyperinfectious strains display altered transcription of genes within the PhoP/PhoQ, PhoR/PhoB and ArgR regulons, conferring changes in the expression of classical virulence functions (e.g., SPI-1; SPI-2 effectors) and those involved in cellular physiology/metabolism (nutrient/acid stress). As hyperinfectious strains pose a potential risk to human and animal health, efforts toward mitigation of these potential food-borne contaminants may avert negative public health impacts and industry-associated losses

COLLAPSE KINETIC OF COMPOSITES BASED ON COPOLYMERS OF ACRYLIC ACID AND ACRYLAMIDE FILLED WITH BENTONITE IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF POLYVALENT METALS

Polymer polyelectrolyte hydrogel composites of acrylic acid and acrylamide copolymer filled with different amounts of bentonite (from 1 to 5 wt.%) were synthesized. Collapse kinetics of hydrogel composites was studied in solutions of different concentrations of polyvalent metal salts at a constant temperature of 25 °C. The mass of water given away from hydrogels into the solution was determined by gravimetric method. It has been found that the presence of bentonite in the polyelectrolyte hydrogel composites prevents to some extent collapse in electrolyte solutions, due to steric and electrostatic interactions between the filler particles. These interactions preclude further collapse of hydrogels. The Peleg's kinetic model, most precisely describing experimental data, was applied to calculation of kinetic constants of polymer hydrogels collapse. It is shown that the initial collapse rate and the kinetic constant of collapse and swelling depend non-monotonically on the concentration (ionic strength) in the electrolyte solution. At the identical concentration of salts in the solution the kinetic constant of hydrogel collapse is independent of the radius of ions of metals of the studied salts

Data on gut metagenomes of the patients with Helicobacter pylori infection before and after the antibiotic therapy

© 2017Antibiotic therapy can lead to the disruption of gut microbiota community with possible negative outcomes for human health. One of the diseases for which the treatment scheme commonly included antibiotic intake is Helicobacter pylori infection. The changes in taxonomic and functional composition of microbiota in patients can be assessed using “shotgun” metagenomic sequencing. Ten stool samples were collected from 4 patients with Helicobacter pylori infection before and directly after the H. pylori eradication course. Additionally, for two of the subjects, the samples were collected 1 month after the end of the treatment. The samples were subject to “shotgun” (whole-genome) metagenomic sequencing using Illumina HiSeq platform. The reads are deposited in the ENA (project ID: PRJEB18265)