95 research outputs found
Five-branes in M(atrix) Theory
We propose a construction of five-branes which fill both light-cone
dimensions in Banks, Fischler, Shenker and Susskind's matrix model of M theory.
We argue that they have the correct long-range fields and spectrum of
excitations. We prove Dirac charge quantization with the membrane by showing
that the five-brane induces a Berry phase in the membrane world-volume theory,
with a familiar magnetic monopole form.Comment: harvmac, 10 p
The Octonionic Membrane
We generalize the supermembrane solution of D=11 supergravity by permitting
the 4-form to be either self-dual or anti-self-dual in the eight dimensions
transverse to the membrane. After analyzing the supergravity field equations
directly, and also discussing necessary conditions for unbroken supersymmetry,
we focus on two specific, related solutions. The self-dual solution is not
asymptotically flat. The anti-self-dual solution is asymptotically flat, has
finite mass per unit area and saturates the same mass=charge Bogomolnyi bound
as the usual supermembrane. Nevertheless, neither solution preserves any
supersymmetry. Both solutions involve the octonionic structure constants but,
perhaps surprisingly, they are unrelated to the octonionic instanton 2-form
, for which is neither self-dual nor anti-self-dual.Comment: 17 pages, Latex; enhanced discussion on supersymmetry, some
references adde
Spectrum of Eleven-dimensional Supergravity on a PP-wave Background
We calculate the spectrum of the linearized supergravity around the maximally
supersymmetric pp-wave background in eleven dimensions. The resulting spectrum
agrees with that of zero-mode Hamiltonian of a supermembrane theory on the
pp-wave background. We also discuss the connection with the Kaluza-Klein zero
modes of AdS_4 x S^7 background.Comment: 17 pages, no figures, LaTeX2e, typos correcte
ÎNp63 transcriptionally regulates ATM to control p53 Serine-15 phosphorylation
Background: Delta Np63 alpha is an epithelial progenitor cell marker that maintains epidermal stem cell self-renewal capacity. Previous studies revealed that UV-damage induced p53 phosphorylation is confined to Delta Np63 alpha-positive cells in the basal layer of human epithelium. Results: We now report that phosphorylation of the p53 tumour suppressor is positively regulated by Delta Np63 alpha in immortalised human keratinocytes. Delta Np63 alpha depletion by RNAi reduces steady-state ATM mRNA and protein levels, and attenuates p53 Serine-15 phosphorylation. Conversely, ectopic expression of Delta Np63 alpha in p63-null tumour cells stimulates ATM transcription and p53 Serine-15 phosphorylation. We show that ATM is a direct Delta Np63 alpha transcriptional target and that the Delta Np63 alpha response element localizes to the ATM promoter CCAAT sequence. Structure-function analysis revealed that the Delta Np63-specific TA2 transactivation domain mediates ATM transcription in coordination with the DNA binding and SAM domains. Conclusions: Germline p63 point mutations are associated with a range of ectodermal developmental disorders, and targeted p63 deletion in the skin causes premature ageing. The Delta Np63 alpha-ATM-p53 damage-response pathway may therefore function in epithelial development, carcinogenesis and the ageing processes
p-p' Branes in PP-wave Background
We present several supergravity solutions corresponding to both Dp, as well
as Dp-Dp' systems, in NS-NS and R-R PP-wave background originating from AdS_3
times S^3 times R^4. The Dp brane solutions, p=1,..,5 are fully localized,
whereas Dp-Dp' are localized along common transverse directions. We also
discuss the supersymmetry properties of these solutions and the worldsheet
construction for the p-p' system.Comment: 17 pages, v5: supergrav. solns. corrected, v6: more results added:
now includes p-p' branes in both NS-NS and R-R PP-wave background, some
restructuring of the tex
Spinorial geometry and Killing spinor equations of 6-D supergravity
We solve the Killing spinor equations of 6-dimensional (1,0)-supergravity
coupled to any number of tensor, vector and scalar multiplets in all cases. The
isotropy groups of Killing spinors are Sp(1)\cdot Sp(1)\ltimes \bH (1),
U(1)\cdot Sp(1)\ltimes \bH (2), Sp(1)\ltimes \bH (3,4), , and , where in parenthesis is the number of supersymmetries
preserved in each case. If the isotropy group is non-compact, the spacetime
admits a parallel null 1-form with respect to a connection with torsion the
3-form field strength of the gravitational multiplet. The associated vector
field is Killing and the 3-form is determined in terms of the geometry of
spacetime. The Sp(1)\ltimes \bH case admits a descendant solution preserving
3 out of 4 supersymmetries due to the hyperini Killing spinor equation. If the
isotropy group is compact, the spacetime admits a natural frame constructed
from 1-form spinor bi-linears. In the and U(1) cases, the spacetime
admits 3 and 4 parallel 1-forms with respect to the connection with torsion,
respectively. The associated vector fields are Killing and under some
additional restrictions the spacetime is a principal bundle with fibre a
Lorentzian Lie group. The conditions imposed by the Killing spinor equations on
all other fields are also determined.Comment: 34 pages, Minor change
Senataxin, defective in ataxia oculomotor apraxia type 2, is involved in the defense against oxidative DNA damage.
A defective response to DNA damage is observed in several human autosomal
recessive ataxias with oculomotor apraxia, including ataxia-telangiectasia. We
report that senataxin, defective in ataxia oculomotor apraxia (AOA) type 2, is a
nuclear protein involved in the DNA damage response. AOA2 cells are sensitive to
H2O2, camptothecin, and mitomycin C, but not to ionizing radiation, and
sensitivity was rescued with full-length SETX cDNA. AOA2 cells exhibited
constitutive oxidative DNA damage and enhanced chromosomal instability in
response to H2O2. Rejoining of H2O2-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) was
significantly reduced in AOA2 cells compared to controls, and there was no
evidence for a defect in DNA single-strand break repair. This defect in DSB
repair was corrected by full-length SETX cDNA. These results provide evidence
that an additional member of the autosomal recessive AOA is also characterized by
a defective response to DNA damage, which may contribute to the neurodegeneration
seen in this syndrome
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