A Class of N=1 Dual String Pairs and its Modular Superpotential

We compare the N=1 F-theory compactification of Donagi, Grassi and Witten with modular superpotential - and some closely related models - to dual heterotic models. We read of the F-theory spectrum from the cohomology of the fourfold and discuss on the heterotic side the gauge bundle moduli sector (including the spectral surface) and the necessary fivebranes. Then we consider the N=1 superpotential and show how a heterotic superpotential matching the F-theory computation is built up by worldsheet instantons. Finally we discuss how the original modular superpotential should be corrected by an additional modular correction factor, which on the F-theory side matches nicely with a `curve counting function' for the del Pezzo surface. On the heterotic side we derive the same factor demanding correct T-duality transformation properties of the superpotential.Comment: 18 pages, Late

The Meaning of Fast Food to Those Experiencing Homelessness: A Phenomenology

The following study was conducted to evaluate and better understand the attitudes and perceptions those experiencing homelessness have toward fast food. While previous research has studied those experiencing homelessness and their consumption of fast food, little to no research has been done to qualitatively assess what they think about fast food. This study was a qualitative phenomenology conducted through interviews with nineteen adults currently experiencing homelessness in a medium-sized city in the Mid-Atlantic U.S. Some insights those experiencing homelessness had toward fast food focused on the topics of health, cost, availability, necessity, and experience. Implications of this study include a better understanding of those experiencing homelessness and opportunities to improve the quality of life for those experiencing homelessness, especially in the area of nutrition and daily diet

Standard Model bundles of the heterotic string

We show how to construct supersymmetric three-generation models with gauge group and matter content of the Standard Model in the framework of non-simply-connected elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau manifolds Z. The elliptic fibration on a cover Calabi-Yau, where the model has 6 generations of SU(5) and the bundle is given via the spectral cover description, has a second section leading to the needed free involution. The relevant involution on the defining spectral data of the bundle is identified for a general Calabi-Yau of this type and invariant bundles are generally constructible.Comment: 23 pp; minor remarks adde

Mutually Unbiased Bases and Trinary Operator Sets for N Qutrits

A complete orthonormal basis of N-qutrit unitary operators drawn from the Pauli Group consists of the identity and 9^N-1 traceless operators. The traceless ones partition into 3^N+1 maximally commuting subsets (MCS's) of 3^N-1 operators each, whose joint eigenbases are mutually unbiased. We prove that Pauli factor groups of order 3^N are isomorphic to all MCS's, and show how this result applies in specific cases. For two qutrits, the 80 traceless operators partition into 10 MCS's. We prove that 4 of the corresponding basis sets must be separable, while 6 must be totally entangled (and Bell-like). For three qutrits, 728 operators partition into 28 MCS's with less rigid structure allowing for the coexistence of separable, partially-entangled, and totally entangled (GHZ-like) bases. However, a minimum of 16 GHZ-like bases must occur. Every basis state is described by an N-digit trinary number consisting of the eigenvalues of N observables constructed from the corresponding MCS.Comment: LaTeX, 10 pages, 2 references adde

MAST CELL AUTOCRINICITY NEAR CEREBRAL ARTERIAL WALL “REVERSE GLYMPHATIC FLOW” AS PRIME TARGET OF ELECTROMAGNETIC EFFECTS

Efforts to disclose the mechanisms of transcranial therapeutic electro-magnetic fields (EMF) acting on the brain\u27s cells (Marino, Kibleur) and recently immune cells (Gülöksüz) meet unsolved physiological details of blood vessels, exclusively arterial vasomotion or the non-glial-related former g(lia)-lymphatic flow (Iliff; Liu DX) - now replaced by an astrocytic AQP4-pipeline cooling the brain (Nakada 2014). Here within the convergent dyn4TAM-framework, which had suggested the first mast cell behavioral experiment (Fitzpatrick & Morrow 2017), three intertwined physiological concepts are contributed: A) “autocrinicity” – how flushed, thus absent, autocrine signals integrate external fluidics into cellular computations e.g. on motility: EMFs could increase such absences by targeting e.g. dipole-cytokines; B) a new concept of the arterial wall based on a tangible interpretation of the coronal histology of all arteries as a co-axial pulse-dampening engine (Treviranus 2012). In the brain this engine might provide the quickest cerebral outflow via the Cerebral IntraMUral Reverse Arterial Flow (Treviranus 2018b), while transmitting further forces acting upstream to the paravascular spaces; C) some key roles for mast cells in neuro-psychiatry (Silver & Curley 2013) and their interactive lymphatic and non-luminal vascular routes to the brain dictated by peripheral imprinting as to destiny (Csaba 1987) and destination (Treviranus 2013). Within the skull they might advance against para-arterial upstream currents. Some known causal mediators of the effects of transcranially applied EFMs and puzzling results are then put tentatively in perspective with the above “tangible” models, e.g. by aligning probable induced currents with arterial segments or the new direct meningeal-calvario-myeloid channels. Results: The case for a role of mast cells and diverse flows in transcranial electromagnetic brain therapy seems promising

PSYCHOSES BY ATTACKS FROM SUBVERTED MAST CELLS: A ROLE FOR ARTERIAL INTRAMURAL FLOW BADLY STEERED BY THE NASAL GANGLIA?

Mechanisms of cortical psychoses are approached by complementing big data-driven genetics and imaging with a putatively subverted neurovascular “reverse plumbing” by arteries. The “cortical spread” of grey matter loss in schizophrenia and the midpericallosal “congestion” in fMRI of periodic catatonia - treatable electromagnetically along arteries - are interpreted in terms of the fastest interstitial outflow through the Cerebral IntraMural Reverse Arterial Flow-engine (CIMURAF, Treviranus 2018-19) draining “waste” via arterio-adventitial lymphatics to the neck. Such repetitively sliding segments of CIMURAF are wrung downstream by muscles likely steered by the neurovascular pterygopalatine ganglion. At the pericallosal artery, along its ideal long straight segment, this likely happens diverging from the mid-callosum towards the front and the back. In the case of a convergent inversion a mid-callosal clash will result, which is observable in psychoses as a mid-callosal high-flow-spot simultaneously with hyper-perfusions of branches and “backwatering” of pial vessels with reactive waste - till date interpreted psycho-mathematically. CIMURAF might also accelerate the perivascular intrusion of MCs by flushing autocrine signals (of which electro-magnetism moves the dipoles) through a putative periadventitial counter-current. Psychoses plausible occur through tryptase-mediated attacks operated by mast cells against oligodendrocytes` cytoskeleton (Medic 2009) and probably via complement-4 (Schizophrenia WG, 2014) against neurons. Usually MCs are essential long-lived “orchestrators” of homeostases and immune or barrier defences interacting with nerves, immunocytes, organs, and routes. MCs after somatic programming as to “destination & destiny” (Treviranus 2017a, 6.2., 2018) rapidly intrude also into the brain`s parenchyma, first within the lymphatics and then putatively by crossing-over to extraluminal arterial routes. MCs transverse the BBBs, while macrophages only trespass in “disease“ (Faraco et al. 2017). Both can be “subverted” by a list of microbes (and putatively blown up by COVID-19 within walls). Enuresis and MCs’ reactions to clozapine add to the interactive support from (epi-)genetics and imaging

RESCUE OF THE APPROPRIATIVE “THOUGHT-ACTION-MOOD” SPACE: ANATOMY AND MAST CELLS GENERATE “MIXABLE” DIMENSIONS IN LANGUAGE AND STATISTICS

Background: The orthogonal axes of Thought (T), Action (A), and Mood (M) span a phase space which corresponds e.g. to the three medial thalamic areas related to three resonating cortico-subcortico-thalamo-cortical loops. The above three of several loops constitute an “appropriative engine”, since within that space, as hinted to via Fig. 228 by Emil Kraepelin to illustrate bipolar mixed states, circular waves of appropriative functioning - from need via action to e.g. satisfaction - reflect a spectrum of temperamental to anxio-affective signatures of sequential appropriation waves. This neo-classical “dyn4TAM”-model also posits that a prime (thalamic) motivating system of Uncertainty-orientation (R. M. Sorrentino) regulates the temperamental balance between only 4- dimensional (D)-“Thought” (G. Halford) about effort-sparing models and high-D-“Action” (G. Rizzolatti) meaningfully related to movement. In fact the exchange across this “complexity divide” - between “grasping” action-related high-D-modules and “calculating” 4D-modules of brains – even concerns the grounding of symbolic relational “concepts.” It thus expands on the Franco-Kraepelinian “TAM”-System (FKS) which suffered a distortion by Kraepelin and the eliminative eugenicist Wilhelm Weygandt, unfortunately carried on in the “bipolar spectrum” current. Because the above loops are independently segregated they generate true dimensions. Furthermore the phenomena they jointly create become patterns, i.e. independently filled slots. Now these are irremediably destroyed at acquisition by Galtonian statistics which is detrimental to conceiving dimensional topics. Hypothesis: Here we posit that preponderantly “uncertainty-oriented”, calculating academics unless depressed, are attracted by 4D-Thought and repulsed by intuition. They thus avoid bio-psychologically the “comprehension” of patterns. Method & Result: New research initiated by dyn4TAM confirmed, that the homologous rodent sign-tracking depends on mast cells modulating the ACC-loop for “Action.” Conclusion: The “complexity divide” warrants more attention in clinical and pure cognitive sciences and should include a “psychology of statistics”