Fast High Resolution Echelle Spectroscopy Of A Laboratory Plasma

An echelle diffraction grating and a multianode photomultiplier tube are paired to construct a high resolution (R=lambda/delta lambda approximate to 2.5x10(4)) spectrograph with fast time response for use from the UV through the visible. This instrument has analyzed the line shape of C III impurity ion emission at 229.687 nm over the lifetime (approximate to 100 mu s) of the hydrogen plasmas produced at SSX. The ion temperature and line of sight average velocity are inferred from the observed thermal broadening and Doppler shift of the line. The time resolution of these measurements is about 1 mu s, sufficient to observe the fastest magnetohydrodynamic activity

Neurophysiology

Contains reports on two research projects.Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc.National Institutes of Health (Grant B-1865-(C3))National Institutes of Health (Grant MH-04737-02)The Teagle Foundation, Inc.U.S. Air Force (Aeronautical Systems Division) under Contract AF33(616)-778

Odd Parity and Line Nodes in Non-Symmorphic Superconductors

Group theory arguments have been invoked to argue that odd parity order parameters cannot have line nodes in the presence of spin-orbit coupling. In this paper we show that these arguments do not hold for certain non-symmorphic superconductors. Specifically, we demonstrate that when the underlying crystal has a twofold screw axis, half of the odd parity representations vanish on the Brillouin zone face perpendicular to this axis. Many unconventional superconductors have non-symmorphic space groups, and we discuss implications for several materials, including UPt3, UBe13, Li2Pt3B and Na4Ir3O8.Comment: 4 page

Life, Life Support, and Death Principles, Guidelines, Policies and Procedures for Making Decisions That Respect Life

The following is the third edition of a booklet by the American Life League, Inc. The section on Ordinary/Extraordinary Means has been revised. The sections on Quality of Life, Pain, Paired Organ and Non-vital Organ and Tissue Transplant, and Determination of Death have been added. There are other changes throughout the booklet

Report of the five-day forecasting procedure, verification and research as conducted between July 1940 and August 1941

The present report is intended to cover fully the activities of the long-range forecast project both at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and at the U. S. Weather Bureau in Washington, between July 1, 1940, and August 1, 1941. It includes all material bearing on the activities of the current fiscal year which has appeared in the three progress reports that were written during the year. The report is in four sections. Section I outlines the administrative set-up of the project and its transfer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to the U. S. Weather Bureau in Washington, indicates the general purpose of the project, outlines the program of routine synoptic and statistical work which is maintained as a necessary part of the five-day forecast service, and lists the personnel which has been available to carry on the project. Section II covers in some detail the five-day forecast procedure as practiced during the past year, including one illustrative case selected and discussed by Mr. Namias. The discussion of the five-day forecast procedure is concluded with some remarks on the significance of the results obtained by the basic method and a summary by Mr. Allen of the success of the forecasts as shown by the statistical verification of the forecast temperature and precipitation anomalies. Section III contains a brief discussion of each of the special investigations made during the past year which bear on the five-day forecast problem. For the most part, the results of these investigations were not obtained soon enough to be incorporated in the forecast procedure outlined in Section II. Section IV sets forth recommendations for further theoretical, synoptic and statistical research which is needed to develop and extend the five-day forecasting technique which has been developed by this project

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome: characteristic features of the infected fetus

Pregnant gilts were infected at 90 days of gestation with porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) isolate SD-23983. Fetuses recovered between 109 and 112 days of gestation were analyzed for the presence of PRRSV. The results showed that not all fetuses were infected, and that infected fetuses tended to be clustered within the uterine horns, suggesting that virus is spread from fetus to fetus. Even though affected litters exhibited different degrees of gross pathology, the presence of an anatomical abnormality was not an identifier of an infected fetus. Analysis of virus replication in individual tissues identified the thymus as the principal site of PRRSV replication. The results show that PRRSV infection in the developing fetus follows a unique course and that PRRSVinduced alterations may be the result of the effect of PRRSV on maternal tissues. These factors need to be taken into consideration when diagnosing PRRSV infection as the cause for aborted and stillborn fetuses.; Swine Day, 2005, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 200

From Starburst to Quiescence: Testing AGN feedback in Rapidly Quenching Post-Starburst Galaxies

Post-starbursts are galaxies in transition from the blue cloud to the red sequence. Although they are rare today, integrated over time they may be an important pathway to the red sequence. This work uses SDSS, GALEX, and WISE observations to identify the evolutionary sequence from starbursts to fully quenched post-starbursts in the narrow mass range $\log M(M_\odot) = 10.3-10.7$, and identifies "transiting" post-starbursts which are intermediate between these two populations. In this mass range, $\sim 0.3\%$ of galaxies are starbursts, $\sim 0.1\%$ are quenched post-starbursts, and $\sim 0.5\%$ are the transiting types in between. The transiting post-starbursts have stellar properties that are predicted for fast-quenching starbursts and morphological characteristics that are already typical of early-type galaxies. The AGN fraction, as estimated from optical line ratios, of these post-starbursts is about 3 times higher ($\gtrsim 36 \pm 8 \%$) than that of normal star-forming galaxies of the same mass, but there is a significant delay between the starburst phase and the peak of nuclear optical AGN activity (median age difference of $\gtrsim 200 \pm 100$ Myr), in agreement with previous studies. The time delay is inferred by comparing the broad-band near NUV-to-optical photometry with stellar population synthesis models. We also find that starbursts and post-starbursts are significantly more dust-obscured than normal star-forming galaxies in the same mass range. About $20\%$ of the starbursts and $15\%$ of the transiting post-starbursts can be classified as the "Dust-Obscured Galaxies" (DOGs), while only $0.8\%$ of normal galaxies are DOGs.The time delay between the starburst phase and AGN activity suggests that AGN do not play a primary role in the original quenching of starbursts but may be responsible for quenching later low-level star formation during the post-starburst phase.Comment: 30 pages, 18 figures,accepted to Ap

Two Fluid Effects On Three-Dimensional Reconnection In The Swarthmore Spheromak Experiment With Comparisons To Space Data

Several new experimental results are reported from spheromak merging studies at the Swarthmore SpheromakExperiment[M. R. Brown, Phys. Plasmas6, 1717 (1999)] with relevance to three-dimensional (3D) reconnection in laboratory and space plasmas. First, recent velocity measurements of impurity ions using ion Doppler spectroscopy are reported. Bidirectional outflow at nearly the Alfvén speed is clearly observed. Second, experimental measurements of the out-of-plane magnetic field in a reconnection volume showing a quadrupolar structure at the ion inertial scale are discussed. Third, a measurement of in-plane Hall electric field and nonideal terms of the generalized Ohm’s law in a reconnection volume of a weakly collisional laboratory plasma is presented. Time resolved vector magnetic field measurements on a 3D lattice [B(r,t)] enables evaluation of the various terms. Results show that the Hall electric field dominates everywhere (J×B∕ne) and also exhibits a quadrupolar structure at the ion inertial scale; resistive and electron inertia terms are small. Each of these is related to and compared with similar measurements in a solar or space context

Report on an experiment in five-day weather forecasting

The following report is presented as a statement of progress made at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (M.I.T.) in the investigation into the possibility of extending the range of reliable weather forecasts. This project has been supported at M.I.T. and other private institutions by Bankhead-Jones appropriations since September, 1937. This report is concerned only with the work completed or in progress at M.I.T. The complementary program now in progress at the Weather Bureau in Washington is referred to only in so far as it has contributed directly to these investigations. Furthermore, the following report refers only to the last two years of the M.I.T. project. The first year of the three-year project was given over principally to the study of the results obtained by long range forecast methods already in use, and to the establishment of a northern hemisphere synoptic weather map procedure as a necessary precedent to the preparation of weekly forecasts on a synoptic basis. The results of the M.I.T. study of certain long range forecast methods already in practice are included in a general survey of such methods already published. The synoptic charts prepared at M.I.T. during that first year of the investigation are listed in an appendix to this report, together with those of the last two years. The preparation of weekly forecasts carried on during a part of that first year was so experimental in nature, and the procedure was so much changed the following year, that the results obtained were considered neither suffciently significant nor comparable enough with the later forecast results to merit any discussion. The present report is divided into three principal sections. Section I presents in condensed form our present conception of the essential nature of the general circulation, and discusses briefly the background of one or two of Professor Rossby's theoretical considerations concerning the general circulation which have found statistical and synoptic application in this investigation. Section II contains in brief form the results of synoptic and statistical checks of a large number of hypothetical relationships which might be assumed to hold in the earth's atmosphere. These include possible relationships in the large scale features of the general circulation, relationships between the general circulation and its different branches or centers of action, between the different branches or centers of action of the general circulation, between characteristics of the general circulation or its branches and anomalies of the meteorological elements in certain regions, between anomalies of the meteorological elements in one region and those in another region, and even between solar activity (sunspots) and characteristics of the general circulation or anomalies of the meteorological elements. The aim was to investigate possible interrelationships of all kinds, either with or without lag, in order to detect as many interaction principles or points as possible in the earth's atmosphere, whether they had direct or only the most indirect bearing on the forecast problem. The relationships investigated applied to daily, weekly, monthly, seasonal, or annual mean conditions. They were selected for investigation either from theoretical or practical considerations of the nature of the general circulation as outlined in Section I, or on the basis of popular beliefs which have long been current among meteorologists, or on the basis of direct observation of data which looked promising. The majority of these hypothetical relationships are found to be quite weak when subjected to rigid statistical checks, but all such results, whether positive or negative, are summarized in this report. Section III outlines the five-day forecast routine practice which has been carried on at M.I.T. during the greater part of the past two years on a weekly basis. It includes a statistical analysis of the verification results. In the conclusion are summarized the results of the investigation which thus far appear significant enough to justify their consideration in five-day or longer range forecasts. Suggestions are offered as to further steps which might profitably be taken if the investigation is to be continued. Finally there is an appendix in which are listed all the daily synoptic maps and mean charts and diagrams of surface and upper air data which have been plotted and analyzed at M.I.T. in connection with this project during the past three years. The importance of such a list is apparent when it is realized that inevitably in an investigation of this kind much the greater part of the time and effort expended is consumed in the routine or semiroutine duties involved in the preparation of such charts