Radionuclides Transport Phenomena in Vadose Zone

Radioactive waste management is fundamental to safeguard population and environment by radiological risks. Environmental assessment of a site, where nuclear activities are located, allows understanding the hydro geological system and the radionuclides transport in groundwater and subsoil. Use of dedicated software is the basis of transport phenomena investigation and for dynamic scenarios prediction; this permits to understand the evolution of accidental contamination events, but at the same time the potentiality of the software itself can be verified. The aim of this paper is to perform a numerical analysis by means of HYDRUS 1D code, so as to evaluate radionuclides transport in a nuclear site in Piedmont region (Italy). In particular, the behaviour in vadose zone was investigated. An iterative assessment process was performed for risk assessment of radioactive contamination. The analysis therein developed considers the following aspects: i) hydro geological site characterization; ii) individuation of the main intrinsic and external site factors influencing water flow and radionuclides transport phenomena; iii) software potential for radionuclides leakage simulation purposes

Use of the Online Public Access Catalogue in Agricultural University

This paper examines Online Public Access Catalogue of MPKV University Library, Rahuri. OPAC is an information retrieval system, has revolutionized access to bibliographic information through search capabilities such as keyword searching, Boolean searching, truncation, proximity searching, and item identity number searches. The paper discusses various aspects of OPAC such as how to search, options of OPAC use etc., application of open source software (Koha) as a form of resource sharing tool and a single authoritative source of MPKV University library resources

Oral Health Promotion: Evidences and Strategies

Oral health promotion is for upliftment of oral health of community rather than an individual and has long‐term impact. Since Ottawa Charter for health promotion is implemented, significant advancements have happened in oral health promotion. Under comprehensive health programs, India has been running oral health promotion programs, and these evidences are shared here. Such examples are apt learning and execution to any part of world having similarities. The chapter put forward the strategic view points to consider further oral health promotion aspects and based on the needs. The authors have gathered various examples from national programs implemented in India. The authors discuss how these programs are linked to the Oral health promotion concept. For example, National tobacco control program which currently running across many states in India, how the banning on tobacco products near school premises helped to reduce the incidence is discussed. The worldwide literature and evidences of oral health promotion strategies are explained. The evidences and strategies mentioned can be significant for another region of world. Unless published, many programs remain hidden and are loss of valuable evidences to oral health science

Utilization of print media for agriculture development: A case study of peasants

Shetkari is the print media that is focused to provide improved methods and techniques of cultivation to provide improved methods and techniques of cultivation to peasants in Western Maharashtra especially the literate, youth and commercial cultivator. Peasants are utilizing latest agricultural ideas for agricultural development. Agricultural development means economic growth along with maintaining their fertility of soil. To illustrate the role of print media, a study of Yalgund village of Kolhapur District is conducted. Case studies of big, medium marginal and large peasants are conducted to illustrate the importance of agricultural communication. It is found that big and small peasants have been applying the ideas to boots their agricultural economic into commercial profitable industry. The marginal farmer has implemented the technique of mixed cropping profitably. However, there is no utilization by the landless

Initiation and Persistence of Preferential Flow in Fractured Rocks

To better understand preferential flow in fractured rock, we carried out an in situ field experiment in the underground Exploratory Studies Facility in the fractured Topopah Spring tuff at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Ponded water (with a {approx}0.04 m head) was released onto a 3 x 4 m{sup 2} infiltration plot (divided into 12 square subplots) over a period of {approx}800 days. As water was released, spatial and temporal variability in infiltration rates was continuously monitored. In addition, changes in moisture content were monitored along horizontal boreholes located in the formation {approx} 19-22 m below. This experiment revealed peculiar infiltration patterns. In particular, we observed that in some of the subplots, the infiltration rate abruptly increased a few weeks into the infiltration tests before gradually decreasing, while in others a relatively low infiltration rate persisted for the duration of the experiment. Distinct flow zones, varying in flow velocity, wetted cross-sectional area, and extent of lateral movement, intercepted the monitoring boreholes. There was also evidence of water being diverted above the ceiling of a cavity in the immediate vicinity of the monitoring boreholes. Observations from this field experiment suggest that isolated conduits, each encompassing a large number of fractures, develop within the fractured rock formation to form preferential flow paths that persist if there is a continuous supply of water. An overriding conclusion is that field investigations at spatial scales of tens of meters provide data critical to the fundamental understanding of preferential flow in fractured rock

UNDERSTANDING ALCOHOL ADDICTION: MECHANISM, CONSEQUENCES AND MANAGEMENT

Forensic medicine and toxicology is branch which deals with the study of poison and its treating measure. Forensic medicine is considered as Agadtantra and Vidhivyadyak in Ayurveda. Alcohol is treated as poison (neurotoxic cerebral inebriant poison) when consume much more dose and as medicine in limited dose. In today's era alcohol addiction is very common, most of youth and student addicted to alcohol but also the aged person becoming addicted to it due to today's stress full life style e.g. educational stress, family stress and job stress thats why they addicted to alcohol for false relaxation or pleasure. Alcohol consumption effects on both the quantity and quality of human life, it has consequences for health and well-being. Approximately 90 percent of absorbed alcohol is oxidized in the liver, harm cause to liver which leads to cirrhosis of liver which is incurable. Excessive intake of alcohol, person is so much under its influence that, he loses control over his mental faculties, he is unable to perform the duties on which he is engaged at particular time, and he may be source of danger to himself or the others. This review article deals with how the addiction takes place control of the normal individual, how alcohol deleteriously acts on the body, what effect of alcohol produce on every system of the body, how much quantity of alcohol proved to be fatal for an individual, what short term and long term effect of alcohol addiction, its complications readdiction techniques and much more, this articles conclude that the health hazardous effect of alcohol addiction and important of its timely managements.

Use of the Online Public Access Catalogue in Agricultural University

This paper examines Online Public Access Catalogue of MPKV University Library, Rahuri. OPAC is an information retrieval system, has revolutionized access to bibliographic information through search capabilities such as keyword searching, Boolean searching, truncation, proximity searching, and item identity number searches. The paper discusses various aspects of OPAC such as how to search, options of OPAC use etc., application of open source software (Koha) as a form of resource sharing tool and a single authoritative source of MPKV University library resources

A study on major inorganic ion composition of atmospheric aerosols

Abstract: Atmospheric aerosol samples were collected from Akola and Buldana region covering around 40 sqkm area during October-November 2002 and were analyzed for ten major inorganic ions namely F-, Cl-, NO3-, SO42-, PO42-, Na +, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and NH using ion chromatographic technique. Theaverage mass of aerosols was found to be 225.81 µg/m3 4+ with standard deviation of 31.29 and average total water soluble load of total cations and anions was found to be 4.32 µg/m3. The concentration of ions in samples showed a general pattern as SO42->NO3->Cl- >PO>Ca2+> NH4+> Mg2+>K for cations. The overall composition of the aerosols was taken into account to identify the sources. The trend showed higher concentration of sodium followed by calcium, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate and ammoinum and found to be influenced by terrestrial sources. The presence of SO42- and NO3- in aerosols may be due to re-suspension of soil particles. Ca2+, Mg2+ and Cl are to be derived from soil materials. The presence of NH+4 may be attributed to the reaction of NH3- vapors with acidic gases may react or condense on an acidic particle surface of anthropogenic origin. Theatmospheric aerosol is slightly acidic due to neutralization of basicity by SO2 and NOx