AN M[X]/G/1M^{[X]}/G/1 QUEUE WITH OPTIONAL SERVICE AND WORKING BREAKDOWN

In this study, a batch arrival single service queue with two stages of service (second stage is optional) and working breakdown is investigated. When the system is in operation, it may breakdown at any time. During breakdown period, instead of terminating the service totally, it continues at a slower rate. We find the time-dependent probability generating functions in terms of their Laplace transforms and derive explicitly the corresponding steady state results. Furthermore, numerous measures indicating system performances, such as the average queue size and the average queue waiting time, has been obtained. Some of the numerical results and graphical representations were also presented

Deceiving suspects about their alibi is equally harmful to the innocent and guilty

A common belief in police officers is that guilty suspects' statements are less consistent than innocent suspects'. This could leave guilty suspects more vulnerable to missing inconsistencies externally induced into their alibis. Source monitoring and cognitive load approaches suggest that untruthfulness rather than guilt should predict proneness to such deception. Manipulating both guilt and truthfulness, we tested these opposing hypotheses. One hundred twenty‐six participants were accused of stealing gift vouchers after wandering about a building. When interviewed several days later, participants rarely detected alterations in their alibi (23–29%). Unexpectedly, for one of three detection measures, untruthful participants detected more manipulations than did truthful participants. Guilt did not moderate detection rates. Manipulations were equally harmful for guilty and innocent suspects, and blindness to the alibi manipulations was not useful for discriminating innocent from guilty suspects. Because blindness effects are easy to elicit in the legal context, techniques that externally induce inconsistencies should be avoided

These two are different. Yes, they're the same: Choice blindness for facial identity

We examined the manipulability of face identity judgements by combining a sorting task for unfamiliar faces with a standard test of choice blindness. In Experiment 1, 50 participants completed a sorting task and then justified grouping specific pairs of photos together or apart. On manipulated trials, the presented pairings were different from those the participants had actually produced. Detection rates for these identity manipulations were strikingly low ( approximately 21%). Moreover, participants readily provided justifications for identity decisions that they had not made, typically referring to specific facial features. Experiment 2 was conducted along similar lines and confirmed that lower task difficulty and higher confidence in one's face identity judgements increase detection rates. We conclude that observers can easily be led to believe that they made identity judgements they did not make. As well as underscoring the fragility of unfamiliar face matching, our findings have implications for identity judgements in legal settings

Privacy preserving disease risk assessment model using machine learning classifiers

In the pre-digital era, medical diagnosis used to consume a lot of time and human resources. But in this digital age, the entire process can be efficiently done with the help of machines. So a new term called prognosis is introduced in this modern era where scientific prediction of the likely development of a disease and its outcome can be done. Machine learning techniques are utilized for prognosis. Though machine learning algorithms solve many problems in the healthcare field, they cannot flourish further without privacy and security assurances as the healthcare field consists of more sensitive data. Our application addresses this issue and provides a fully secured disease risk assessment using an encryption algorithm called RSA. The main objective here is to build a system with the following aspects, Functional Aspect: Disease prediction using machine learning technique decision trees. Non-Functional Aspect: Providing privacy and confidentiality of data using encryption techniques like RSA. Data privacy and confidentiality is provided with the help of the RSA algorithm. RSA is the first successful public key cryptographic algorithm

Privacy Preserving Disease Risk Assessment Model Using Machine Learning Classifiers

In the pre-digital era, medical diagnosis used to consume a lot of time and human resources. But in this digital age, the entire process can be efficiently done with the help of machines. So a new term called prognosis is introduced in this modern era where scientific prediction of the likely development of a disease and its outcome can be done. Machine learning techniques are utilized for prognosis. Though machine learning algorithms solve many problems in the healthcare field, they cannot flourish further without privacy and security assurances as the healthcare field consists of more sensitive data. Our application addresses this issue and provides a fully secured disease risk assessment using an encryption algorithm called RSA. The main objective here is to build a system with the following aspects, Functional Aspect: Disease prediction using machine learning technique decision trees. Non-Functional Aspect: Providing privacy and confidentiality of data using encryption techniques like RSA. Data privacy and confidentiality is provided with the help of the RSA algorithm. RSA is the first successful public key cryptographic algorithm

Donor to recipient transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 by lung transplantation despite negative donor upper respiratory tract testing

We describe a case of proven transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 from lung donor to recipient. The donor had no clinical history or findings suggestive of infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 and tested negative by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) on a nasopharyngeal (NP) swab obtained within 48 h of procurement. Lower respiratory tract testing was not performed. The recipient developed fever, hypotension, and pulmonary infiltrates on posttransplant day (PTD) 3, and RT‐PCR testing for SARS‐CoV‐2 on an NP swab specimen was non‐reactive, but positive on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. One thoracic surgeon present during the transplantation procedure developed COVID‐19. Sequence analysis of isolates from donor BAL fluid (obtained at procurement), the recipient, and the infected thoracic surgeon proved donor origin of recipient and health‐care worker (HCW) infection. No other organs were procured from this donor. Transplant centers and organ procurement organizations should perform SARS‐CoV‐2 testing of lower respiratory tract specimens from potential lung donors, and consider enhanced personal protective equipment for HCWs involved in lung procurement and transplantation.This report describes a proven case of SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission during lung transplantation from a deceased donor to both the recipient and to a healthcare worker. La Hoz et al. comment on page 2635.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/169239/1/ajt16532.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/169239/2/ajt16532_am.pd

Self-delivered misinformation - Merging the choice blindness and misinformation effect paradigms

<div><p><i>Choice blindness</i> is the failure to detect a discrepancy between a choice and its outcome. <i>The misinformation effect</i> occurs when the recollection of an event changes because new, misleading information about the event is received. The purpose of this study was to merge the choice blindness and misinformation effect paradigms, and thus examine whether choice blindness can be created for individuals’ recollections of a witnessed event, and whether this will affect their later recollections of the event. Thus, as a way of delivering misinformation the participants ostensibly became their own source of the misleading information. The participants watched a short film and filled out a questionnaire about events shown in the film. Some of their answers were then manipulated using reattachable stickers, which allowed alteration of their original answers. The participants gave justifications for their manipulated choices, and later their recollection of the original event was tested through another questionnaire. Choice blindness was created for a majority of the participants. A majority of the choice blind participants later changed their reported recollection of the event in line with the manipulations, whereas only a small minority of the participants in the control condition changed their recollection. This study provides new information about the misinformation effect, suggesting that this effect also can occur when misinformation is given immediately following presentation of the original stimuli, and about choice blindness and its effects on the recollections of events. The results suggest that <i>memory blindness</i> can be created when people inadvertently supply themselves with misleading information about an event, causing a change in their recollection.</p></div