Influence of pavement condition towards accident number on Malaysian highway

Accidents in Malaysia are alarming and have been in the rise for the past decades. Increasing numbers of road users, condition of road surface, expanded road network and weather conditions are being carefully looked into determining the contributors towards fatality. Human factors has been widely known and established as one of the main contributor to road accidents. Therefore, this study had focused more on to pavement conditions, where its relation with accidents needs to be further explored. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of pavement condition towards accident number on Malaysian Highway. Pavement condition data which consist of Mean Texture Depth (MTD), Rutting Depth (RD) and also International Roughness Index (IRI) were measured along 265 km southern stretch of Malaysia highway, by using Multi Laser Profiler (MLP). Accident data were also collected from the accident report prepared by Southern region of Malaysian Highway Authority. Based on the results, it was found that more than 70% of the accidents happened at a good condition of road which having high MTD, low RD and minimum IRI. MTD was found as the most significance parameters that relates to accident. Other factors such as human negligence and environments (weather and lighting), might be the major cause that contribute to the accidents that happened along Malaysian highway

Modification of emulsified bitumen using styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)

This paper evaluates the performance of using different percentage of styrene- butadiene rubber (SBR) in rapid-setting emulsion (RS-2K). The polymer modified bitumen emulsions were blended at various percentages of SBR, i.e. 5%, 7%, 9%, 11% and 13%. The investigation focused on the optimum percentage of SBR added into the polymer modified bitumen emulsion and the performance of the polymer modified bitumen emulsion. There are several laboratory tests involved such as penetration test, softening point test and dynamic shear rheometer test that were done in order to determine the physical and rheological properties of bitumen emulsion. Based on the results, it shows that the physical properties of the polymer modified bitumen improved compared to unmodified bitumen emulsion. For rheological properties, by adding the SBR in the bitumen emulsion, the rutting resistance of the bitumen emulsion is improved. From the isochronal curve, the polymer modified bitumen emulsion shows improvement in the complex modulus, G* as comparing to unmodified bitumen emulsion. The optimum percentage of the SBR is 13% as it shows better performance compared to other percentages

Correlation between functional and structural properties of flexible pavement

The functional properties and structural properties are very important in order to evaluate and determine the pavements performance. In pavement condition assessment, monitoring and measurement on the functional and structural properties of the pavement are really needed in order to determine the remaining life of the pavement before any rehabilitation work can be done. This study had further looked on the correlations between these functional and structural properties on a flexible pavement. The study had collected 1198 numbers of functional properties data namely International Roughness Index (IRI), rut depth and texture depth. While for structural properties, 120 numbers of elastic modulus and 12 numbers of California Bearing Ratio (CBR) data has been measured. The functional properties were measured by using Multi Laser Profiler (MLP), while the structural properties were collected by using Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) and Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP). The data collection was done along 60 km of asphalt pavement road. Regression analysis shows that the coefficient of determination, R2 obtained for all parameter is near to 0. These results generally conclude that there are no correlations between the functional properties and structural properties on a flexible pavement

3D Printing and Shaping Polymers, Composites, and Nanocomposites: A Review

Sustainable technologies are vital due to the efforts of researchers and investors who have allocated significant amounts of money and time to their development. Nowadays, 3D printing has been accepted by the main industry players, since its first establishment almost 30 years ago. It is obvious that almost every industry is related to technology, which proves that technology has a bright future. Many studies have shown that technologies have changed the methods for developing particular products. Three-dimensional printing has evolved tremendously, and currently, many new types of 3D printing machines have been introduced. In this paper, we describe the historical development of 3D printing technology including its process, types of printing, and applications on polymer materials

Correlation between functional and structural properties of flexible pavement

The functional properties and structural properties are very important in order to evaluate and determine the pavements performance. In pavement condition assessment, monitoring and measurement on the functional and structural properties of the pavement are really needed in order to determine the remaining life of the pavement before any rehabilitation work can be done. This study had further looked on the correlations between these functional and structural properties on a flexible pavement. The study had collected 1198 numbers of functional properties data namely International Roughness Index (IRI), rut depth and texture depth. While for structural properties, 120 numbers of elastic modulus and 12 numbers of California Bearing Ratio (CBR) data has been measured. The functional properties were measured by using Multi Laser Profiler (MLP), while the structural properties were collected by using Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) and Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP). The data collection was done along 60 km of asphalt pavement road. Regression analysis shows that the coefficient of determination, R2 obtained for all parameter is near to 0. These results generally conclude that there are no correlations between the functional properties and structural properties on a flexible pavement

Influence of pavement condition towards accident number on Malaysian highway

Accidents in Malaysia are alarming and have been in the rise for the past decades. Increasing numbers of road users, condition of road surface, expanded road network and weather conditions are being carefully looked into determining the contributors towards fatality. Human factors has been widely known and established as one of the main contributor to road accidents. Therefore, this study had focused more on to pavement conditions, where its relation with accidents needs to be further explored. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of pavement condition towards accident number on Malaysian Highway. Pavement condition data which consist of Mean Texture Depth (MTD), Rutting Depth (RD) and also International Roughness Index (IRI) were measured along 265 km southern stretch of Malaysia highway, by using Multi Laser Profiler (MLP). Accident data were also collected from the accident report prepared by Southern region of Malaysian Highway Authority. Based on the results, it was found that more than 70% of the accidents happened at a good condition of road which having high MTD, low RD and minimum IRI. MTD was found as the most significance parameters that relates to accident. Other factors such as human negligence and environments (weather and lighting), might be the major cause that contribute to the accidents that happened along Malaysian highway

Correlation between functional and structural properties of flexible pavement

The functional properties and structural properties are very important in order to evaluate and determine the pavements performance. In pavement condition assessment, monitoring and measurement on the functional and structural properties of the pavement are really needed in order to determine the remaining life of the pavement before any rehabilitation work can be done. This study had further looked on the correlations between these functional and structural properties on a flexible pavement. The study had collected 1198 numbers of functional properties data namely International Roughness Index (IRI), rut depth and texture depth. While for structural properties, 120 numbers of elastic modulus and 12 numbers of California Bearing Ratio (CBR) data has been measured. The functional properties were measured by using Multi Laser Profiler (MLP), while the structural properties were collected by using Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) and Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP). The data collection was done along 60 km of asphalt pavement road. Regression analysis shows that the coefficient of determination, R2 obtained for all parameter is near to 0. These results generally conclude that there are no correlations between the functional properties and structural properties on a flexible pavement

Amalan Tidak Berintegriti: Remeh Tapi Salah

Kajian ini merupakan sebuah sorotan kajian mengenai integriti. Integriti merangkumi pelbagai nilai murni termasuk kesopanan, ketepatan, kebolehpercayaan, ketekunan, kemuliaan, kesederhanaan, ketinggian peribadi, jujur, ikhlas, amanah, berpegang pada janji, bercakap benar, dan pelbagai sifat positif lain. Akan tetapi, sesuatu organisasi tidak mampu mencapai kecemerlangan jika berlaku masalah dalaman yang berpunca dari integriti atau jika terdapat pengaruh luar yang tidak diselesaikan berikutan kelemahan institusi itu sendiri. Kebanyakan masalah integriti yang dibangkitkan adalah merujuk kepada hal-hal yang remeh yang sering berkait dengan bidang masing-masing, walau bagaimanapun, ia tetap salah dan perlu diperbetulkan. Oleh itu, terdapat keperluan terhadap mengenal pasti punca kelemahan pembudayaan dan penguatkuasaan integriti dalam sesuatu organisasi, khasnya dalam diri masyarakat. Hasil dari permasalahan yang berbangkit ini, dua kemungkinan telah digariskan yang bertujuan membincangkan faktor isu ini sukar menunjukkan yang ianya akan berakhir. Hasil sorotan kajian mendapati, pengetahuan dan pembudayaan tentang isu integriti dilihat menjadi kelemahan ketara dalam kegagalan pengaplikasian integriti dalam pekerjaan. Oleh itu, kefahaman tentang konsep integriti seorang kakitangan adalah perlu bagi memperlihatkan keselarasan antara kata-kata dengan perlakuan, bertindak bersandarkan kepada prinsip moral, etika dan undang-undang, serta mengutamakan kepentingan umum melebihi kehendak diri dan melakukan kerja dengan komprehensif, holistik dan relevan. Selain itu, budaya organisasi berlandaskan piawai etika yang tinggi harus menjadi penggerak dan pengaruh positif kepada amalan tingkah laku beretika dalam kalangan pekerja