Towards a normalisation of young people’s drinking practices: a Chicago school ethnographic study in the Canterbury night-time economy

This PhD thesis is an ethnographic investigation into the drinking practices of young people undertaken in the Canterbury (Kent, United Kingdom) night-time economy. This research took place across a series of fieldwork sites, including: pubs, night-clubs, the street, and young people’s houses across the city. The research included an in-depth ethnography which took place in a city-centre pub where I was working as a bartender, which adapted the methodological approach of the Chicago School of Sociology to urban studies in a contemporary context. Specific examples from the research included a case study with two young men in the pub who were drinking after work, and a wide-range of other ethnographic examples taken from scenarios arising through my position at the pub resulting from bar conversations and informal interviews. These were selected from a number of literally thousands of young people who I encountered across the two years of fieldwork in the pub. The licensee of the pub, Andrew, acted as a gatekeeper for the research, as his approach to the pub business corresponded to interaction and the possibility of building ethnographic relationships with young people. Other ethnographic data examples were also taken from the wider Canterbury night-time economy, away from the pub at the centre of the in-depth ethnography. The variety of data sets included participant observation, conversation, informal interviews and the field diary. Drawing from the accounts of participants in the fieldwork and emergent themes in the ethnography, the thesis argues that young people are the subject of a normalization of extreme drinking practices in the night-time economy. This is explored through the adaptation of the model of drug normalization theory, where young people’s experiences of alcohol and extreme drinking practices are examined in relation to specific dimensions of drinking. The media stereotyping of extreme drinking practices by young people is also subject to critique, where it will be argued that the term “binge” drinking is an imprecise and moralistic view of young people’s activities in the night-time economy

The First Records in Illinois of \u3ci\u3eHeliconius Charitonius\u3c/i\u3e (Lepidoptera: Heliconiidae) and \u3ci\u3ePhoebis Agarithe\u3c/i\u3e (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

(excerpt) Our key to Illinois butterflies, exclusive of the skippers (Hesperiidae), was published in 1980. It includes those butterflies listed by Irwin and Downey in their 1973 Illinois checklist plus two species,Anaea aidea (Guerin-Meneville) (Nymphalidae) and Celastrina ebenina Clench (Lycaenidae), added to the state list after 1973

A List of the Scutelleroidea of the La Rue-Pine Hills Ecological Area with Notes on Biology

A survey of the scutelleroid fauna of the LaRue-Pine Hills Ecological Area, Union County, Illinois was conducted from May, 1972 to September, 1974. Forty-nine species were collected, five of which were state records. The remaining 44 represented over 57% of the species presently listed for Illinois. Life history information was collected for the majority of species, including host plants, predators and parasites. The pertinent literature is summarized for each species

Diversity and Community Structure of Stream Insects in a Minimally Disturbed Forested Watershed in Southern Illinois

The Lusk Creek Watershed, located in Pope County, IL, long has been rec- ognized as a high quality area of biological significance, but surveys of the stream macroinvertebrate fauna have been limited. Thus, a survey of the benthic insect community at 11 sites in the upper portion of Lusk Creek was conducted from May 2003 to April 2005. A total of 20,888 specimens, mostly immatures, were examined during the study and represented eight orders. The Diptera, by far, was the most abundant order, with 18,590 specimens, almost all of which were members of the Chironomidae or Simuliidae. Members of the EPT (Ephemer- optera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera) contributed 1,550 specimens. The Coleoptera was represented by 647 specimens, most of which were members of Stenelmis (Elmidae) (n = 612). The Shannon diversity index (H ́) ranged from 1.07-2.01 for individual sites and was indicative of relatively undisturbed streams in this region. Jackknife analyses of richness estimated that as many as 37 taxa were unobserved in this survey. Results provide information on reference conditions in the region and a foundation for future monitoring

Investigating the relationship between predictability and imbalance in minimisation : a simulation study

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

A comparison between single sided friction stir welded and submerged arc welded DH36 steel thin plate

The adoption of the friction stir welding (FSW) process into the shipbuilding industry is being considered as a medium term issue. Currently the data on friction stir welded mild steels tends to be fragmented, with critical areas being short on specific data e.g. toughness. The work described has been put in place to directly compare friction stir welded and submerged arc welded thin plate. The plate thicknesses used were 4, 6 and 8mm thick DH36 grade steel, which are commonly used in the construction of vessels such and destroyers, frigates corvettes and offshore patrol vessels. Friction stir welding was carried out using the currently best established parameters for a single sided process and this was compared against Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) over the same thickness range. Distortion was found to be lower in friction stir welded steel, but the 4mm thick was still showing significant distortion. No issues were identified with weld metal strength, and toughness at -20OC was found to be comparable but more uniform across the weld area than with the submerged arc welded material. Microstructural observations have been linked to hardness, toughness and fatigue test data. The fatigue data includes the observation of preferential crack initiation relative to the trailing/leading side of the welding process. An assessment on the feasibility of the process in a shipbuilding environment will be included based on the data presented

Comparison between friction stir and submerged arc welding applied to joining DH36 and E36 shipbuilding steel

With the impending development of FSW tools for steel with useful lifetimes, attention has turned to the mechanical properties of the welds that can be made in a range of industrially significant steels. This work reports on a comparative study undertaken to examine the use of friction stir and submerged arc welding on DH36 and E36 shipbuilding steels. The study made an assessment of the distortion induced in fabricating plates by the two welding techniques, and provides initial comparative data on weld tensile strength, toughness and fatigue life. In each case, friction stir welding was shown to outperform submerged arc welding