Who Are the Stakeholders in Environmental Risk Decisions - How Should They Be Involved

[Excerpt] In the United States, as in other countries, public participation in environmental policy decisions has come a long way. In its infancy, it was limited to public hearings concerning decisions that were, for all practical purposes, done deals. Overturning public agency decisions could be accomplished only through expensive, often protracted, usually futile court cases, and then only if the issue was justiciable and the plaintiff had the funds and standing to sue. In recent decades - especially since the 1960s - opportunities for public participation in the U.S. have been overhauled. Access to documents has been assured through federal and state freedom of information acts. The public may be asked to help - scope the issue at hand (i.e., determine its salient features) early in the decision-making process. Informal question and answer sessions often supplement the formal, one-way testimony of public hearings. No longer are decisions typically made behind closed doors. Public comments usually are documented and accompanied by written responses from the decision-making agency. Administrative reviews of decisions are often a first recourse, before bringing suit. And, standing to sue is more broadly interpreted. But public participation has two inherent deficiencies. First, it fails to differentiate among members of the public. Second, it preserves an us/them distinction between the decision-making agency and citizens. As a remedy, stakeholder involvement - which does differentiate among citizens and does help to lower us/them barriers - is an increasingly popular supplement to conventional public participation, especially on controversial issues involving environmental risks

How Much Do You Spend?: Textbook Affordability at Gettysburg College

This poster, created for Musselman Library\u27s Charting your Course 2019 first-year orientation activity, explains some of the strategies that Gettysburg College students can use to mitigate the impacts of rising textbook costs

Attitudes of relatives of improved and unimproved schizophrenic patients hospitalized at Bedford Veteran's Administration Hospital

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston Universit

Production, reproduction, and reversion of protoplast-like structures in the osmotic strain of Neurospora crassa

Protoplasts devoid of cell walls have been produced in Bacillus megaterium and certain other Gram-positive species of bacteria.(1) Structures resembling protoplasts but not completely devoid of cell walls have also been produced in Escherichia coli and some other Gram-negative bacteria.(2) Those from Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria are alike in that they are spherical in shape and are lysed by osmotic shock. Bacterial protoplasts have already proved to have many useful applications among others, in the extraction of cellular constituents, in studies of the biosynthesis of enzymes and other macromolecular substances, and in host-parasite interrelations.(3

Authors’ Choices, Authors’ Rights: Making Informed Decisions When Publishing Open

Wondering if publishing in an open access journal is the right move for your research? Join Musselman Library’s Scholarly Communications Department as we talk copyright ownership, authors’ rights, and how to choose the right license for your work. October 23, 12-1 PM in Dining Center 19. Space is limited; RSVP required. Email [email protected] to RSVP. Published under a CC-BY-SA 4.0 License

Zoonotic diseases: sharing insights from interdisciplinary research

Researchers and others involved with the Zoonoses and Emerging Livestock Systems (ZELS) initiative gathered in Tanzania earlier this year to discuss progress with projects being carried out as part of the five- year programme. Mary Ryan and Sarah Cleaveland report

HAIR DYE- AN EMERGING SUICIDAL AGENT: OUR EXPERIENCE

Hair dye poisoning has been emerging as one of the important causes of intentional deliberate self harm. To study the epidemiology of patients who consumed Super Vasmol (a commonly used commercial hair dye), profile of patients referred to the ENT department, to find the effectiveness of supportive therapy and to compare between the tracheostomy and the non tracheostomy group, a retrospective study was conducted inpatients who consumed Super Vasmol admitted over a year (April 2009 – March 2010) in a teaching hospital in South India. Out of the 108 patients 38 (35.2%) were males and 70 (64.8%) were females. 42 (38.9%) were in 21-25 age group. Patients who developed cervico-facial oedema, throat pain, burning sensation in the throat, change of voice, no voice and dyspnoea with stridor were referred to the ENT Department. 74 (68.5%) patientsneeded an ENT opinion. Cervico-facial oedema was the main clinical manifestation in 74 patients. 33 of themunderwent tracheostomy. The mortality in 108 patients was 22.2% and after tracheostomy 21.2%. Purpose of thestudy is to create public awareness about the lethal effects of the hair dye, because it is a major health problem and to educate the public and the medical professional about the need for aggressive and early treatment.