2,104 research outputs found
Up-milling and down-milling wood with different grain orientations – theoretical background and general appearance of the chips
Visite de l'entreprise "Les Charpentiers des Alpes et de Provence". Production de lamellé-collé à Vitrolles (Bouches-du-RhÎne)
Compte rendu de la visite de l'entreprise "Les Charpentiers des Alpes et de Provence". Production de lamellĂ©-collĂ© Ă Vitrolles (Bouches-du-RhĂŽne) suivi du compte rendu des discussions : quels bois la forĂȘt mĂ©diterranĂ©enne peut-elle produire ? OrganisĂ©es dans le cadre de ForesterranĂ©e'87
Valorisation des bois de chĂȘnes mĂ©diterranĂ©ens par le tranchage : chĂȘnes verts, chĂȘnes pubescents, chĂȘnes-liĂšges
International audienc
Effects of particle composition on thorium scavenging in the North Atlantic
Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2018. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here under a nonexclusive, irrevocable, paid-up, worldwide license granted to WHOI. It is made available for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 233 (2018): 115-134, doi:10.1016/j.gca.2018.04.035.The dependence of thorium scavenging by particles on particle composition is examined at
selected stations of the U.S. GEOTRACES North Atlantic Section (GA03). Scavenging is here
described by the apparent, first-order rate constant of Th adsorption onto particles (k1), as estimated from an inversion of Th radioisotope and radioactive parent data. Our k1 estimates are
regressed against particle phase data using two different models. Model I considers biogenic
particles (POC+PIC+bSi), lithogenic particles, Mn (oxyhydr)oxides, and Fe (oxyhydr)oxides
as regressors, and k1 as the regressand. Model II considers ln(POC+PIC+bSi), ln(lithogenic
particles), ln(Mn (oxyhydr)oxides), and ln(Fe (oxyhydr)oxides) as regressors, and ln(k1) as
the regressand, where ln() denotes the natural logarithm. Thus, models I and II posit that the
effects of particle phases on k1 are, respectively, additive and multiplicative. These models are
applied to three groups of stations: (i) all selected stations, (ii) stations west of theMauritanian
upwelling region (âwestern stationsâ), and (iii) stations within that region (âeastern stationsâ).
We find that model II appears to better describe the effect of particle composition on k1 than
model I. Particle composition explains a larger fraction of the variance of k1 for the eastern
stations (R2 = 0.60 for model I and 0.67 for model II) than for the western stations (R2 = 0.26
for model I and 0.39 for model II). When considering all stations, the variance of k1 explained
by particle composition is intermediate (R2 = 0.50 for model I and 0.51 for model II). According to model II, the variance of k1 explained by particle composition is predominantly due
to biogenic particles at the eastern stations and to Mn (oxyhydr)oxides at the western stations.
Additionally, we find that particle composition does not explain a significantly different proportion of variance of k1 than particle concentration. It is thus concluded that, at our selected
stations, (i) biogenic particles andMn (oxyhydr)oxides more strongly influence Th scavenging
than any other phases considered, and (ii) particle composition and particle concentration have
comparable effects on this process.We acknowledge the U.S. National Science Foundation for supporting this study (grant OCE-1232578) and the U.S. GEOTRACES North Atlantic section ship time, sampling, and data analysis
Improved linkage analysis of Quantitative Trait Loci using bulk segregants unveils a novel determinant of high ethanol tolerance in yeast
Background: Bulk segregant analysis (BSA) coupled to high throughput sequencing is a powerful method to map genomic regions related with phenotypes of interest. It relies on crossing two parents, one inferior and one superior for a trait of interest. Segregants displaying the trait of the superior parent are pooled, the DNA extracted and sequenced. Genomic regions linked to the trait of interest are identified by searching the pool for overrepresented alleles that normally originate from the superior parent. BSA data analysis is non-trivial due to sequencing, alignment and screening errors.
Results: To increase the power of the BSA technology and obtain a better distinction between spuriously and truly linked regions, we developed EXPLoRA (EXtraction of over-rePresented aLleles in BSA), an algorithm for BSA data analysis that explicitly models the dependency between neighboring marker sites by exploiting the properties of linkage disequilibrium through a Hidden Markov Model (HMM). Reanalyzing a BSA dataset for high ethanol tolerance in yeast allowed reliably identifying QTLs linked to this phenotype that could not be identified with statistical significance in the original study. Experimental validation of one of the least pronounced linked regions, by identifying its causative gene VPS70, confirmed the potential of our method.
Conclusions: EXPLoRA has a performance at least as good as the state-of-the-art and it is robust even at low signal to noise ratio's i.e. when the true linkage signal is diluted by sampling, screening errors or when few segregants are available
Module networks revisited: computational assessment and prioritization of model predictions
The solution of high-dimensional inference and prediction problems in
computational biology is almost always a compromise between mathematical theory
and practical constraints such as limited computational resources. As time
progresses, computational power increases but well-established inference
methods often remain locked in their initial suboptimal solution. We revisit
the approach of Segal et al. (2003) to infer regulatory modules and their
condition-specific regulators from gene expression data. In contrast to their
direct optimization-based solution we use a more representative centroid-like
solution extracted from an ensemble of possible statistical models to explain
the data. The ensemble method automatically selects a subset of most
informative genes and builds a quantitatively better model for them. Genes
which cluster together in the majority of models produce functionally more
coherent modules. Regulators which are consistently assigned to a module are
more often supported by literature, but a single model always contains many
regulator assignments not supported by the ensemble. Reliably detecting
condition-specific or combinatorial regulation is particularly hard in a single
optimum but can be achieved using ensemble averaging.Comment: 8 pages REVTeX, 6 figure
Dynamical percolation on general trees
H\"aggstr\"om, Peres, and Steif (1997) have introduced a dynamical version of
percolation on a graph . When is a tree they derived a necessary and
sufficient condition for percolation to exist at some time . In the case
that is a spherically symmetric tree, H\"aggstr\"om, Peres, and Steif
(1997) derived a necessary and sufficient condition for percolation to exist at
some time in a given target set . The main result of the present paper
is a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of percolation, at
some time , in the case that the underlying tree is not necessary
spherically symmetric. This answers a question of Yuval Peres (personal
communication). We present also a formula for the Hausdorff dimension of the
set of exceptional times of percolation.Comment: 24 pages; to appear in Probability Theory and Related Field
Distribution and origin of natural gas leakage in the Colorado Basin, offshore Argentina 2 Margin, South America: seismic interpretation and 3D basin modelling
The detailed analysis of a dense 2D seismic reflection dataset and data from 8 exploration wells, allowed us to identify, map out and characterize possible indications of past and present-day hydrocarbon leakage (i.e. gas chimneys, gas pockets, and seafloor mounds and pockmarks) on the continental shelf and slope of the Colorado Basin, offshore Argentina, where Permian, Jurassic and Early Cretaceous source rocks are potentially present and may be currently mature. Identified gas leakage features, developed both in the syn-rift and post-rift successions, were also analysed in relation to the structural the stratigraphic elements of the basin. A family of seabed pockmarks, located close to an array of submarine channels, was identified on the distal slope of the basin. These pockmarks are overlying a series of sub-vertical to vertical seismic chimneys in the subsurface. A calibrated basin-wide 3D petroleum system model comprising generation and migration of hydrocarbons was carried out and compared with the observations from the seismic analysis. Preliminary results from this model indicate that although synrift and early Cretaceous source rock (SR) intervals may be depleted in the central areas of the basin, an active kitchen from the Aptian SR may be present below the slope areas. Hydrocarbon migration pathways predicted by the 3D model (Hybrid method) coincide with the interpreted seismic chimneys underlying the observed seabed slope pockmarks. Hence, our results indicate that thermogenic gas may be currently generated in the distal slope of the basin from mature early post-rift source rocks within the Early Cretaceous (Aptian) sequences and migrates vertically, due to seal failure, through the stratigraphic column. This migrating thermogenic gas is feeding the seafloor pockmarks identified in the distal slope of the basin, although up-dip lateral migration along stratigraphic layers to the more proximal slope areas cannot be ruled out. The present work represents the first published study integrating detailed seismic analysis and 3D basin modelling linking observed gas-leakage indicators and associated seepage pathways, to their relative abundance, distribution and feeding systems offshore Argentinaâs continental margin
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