Seasonal variations of physico-chemical properties of the Great Vedaranyam Swamp, Point Calimere Wildlife Sanctuary, South-east coast of India

The present study was attempted on the physico-chemical variability of the Great Vedaranyam Swamp of the Point Calimere Wildlife Sanctuary, South-east coast of India. Seasonal variation study was carried out to examine level of varying physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, nitrite, electrical conductivity, phosphate, turbidity, total dissolved solids and water depth. The physico-chemical parameters have exhibited considerable seasonal and spatial variations. The qualitative study revealed the present status of the physico-chemical parameters, which would be very helpful for policy makers to take precautionary measures to save the swamp.Key words: Seasonal variations, physico-chemical parameters, Point Calimere Wildlife Sanctuary, pH, salinity, temperature

(E)-3-Phenyl-3-(3-phenyl-1H-1-pyrazol­yl)-2-propenal

In the title compound C18H14N2O, the pendant rings make dihedral angles of 66.1 (1)° and 13.9 (1) with the central ring. In the crystal, two mol­ecules form a cyclic centrosymmetric R 2 2(22) dimer through pairs of C—H⋯O bonds. These dimers are further connected into zigzag chains extending along the b axis through C—H⋯π and C—H⋯O inter­actions

(E)-3-(4-Chloro­phen­yl)-3-[3-(4-chloro­phen­yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]prop-2-enal

In the title compound, C18H12Cl2N2O, the pyrazole ring is almost planar [r.m.s. deviation = 0.002 Å] while the two chloro­phenyl rings are twisted out from the plane of the pyrazole ring, making dihedral angles of 5.3 (1) and 65.34 (4)°. In the crystal, centrosymmetric R 2 2(24) dimers are formed about crystallographic inversion centres through a pair of C—H⋯Cl inter­actions. These dimers are further linked through a C—H⋯O hydrogen bond, forming a C(8) chain extending along the a axis. C—H⋯π inter­actions are also observed

Folktales of Tamil Nadu and the Grimm brothers’ folktales - A comparison

Efforts to assess tamil culture on a global scale have been made through classical literature. More new information and results will be revealed when we evaluate the original oral works on the global platform than the classical classics that have the elements of verbal literature. Although tamil comparative studies have been carried out in a wide range of different types and versatile languages, the fields of comparative research in ancient languages like Tamil are emerging. The stories in the Tamil nadu folk lore published by Dr. Ramanathan and the folklore of The German and Ireland published by the Grim brothers have been comparatively studied

Marxism on the inside

We could understand that the research works on Tamil stories, in a way bring out a fine cross section of the Tamil society’s functioning spaces. The short stories of Rajendra Cholan, a person who travelled in a unique path and whom you cannot void in the history of Tamil short stories soaked in the philosophy of Marx and Ambedkar created his short stories in his own style. This paper studies the nature and the style the stories are depicted to suit the Tamil tradition and also how the ideology of Marxism plays the undercurrent of these stories

Diet of three insectivorous birds in Nagapattinam District, Tamil Nadu, India - a preliminary study

The dietary composition of the White-breasted Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis, the Small Bee-eater Merops orientalis and the Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus was studied between 2005 and 2006 in Nagapattinam District, Tamil Nadu, India by analyzing regurgitated pellets. The analysis revealed that the White-breasted Kingfisher preys mainly on arthropods (83.40%) and less on vertebrates; seven orders of insects were identified, with Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera and Orthoptera predominant. The small bee-eater diet is composed of Coleoptera (22.3%), Hymenoptera (20.8%), Hemiptera (14.1%), Orthoptera (12.6%), Odonata (10.7%), Lepidoptera (10.4%) and Diptera (8.6%). Beetles were also found to be the most frequent prey (23.7%) in the diet of black drongos, followed by Hemiptera (21.6%), Orthoptera (19.3%), Hymenoptera (14.4%), Lepidoptera (7.5%), Diptera (6.8%) and Odonata (6.0%)

Checklist and nesting patterns of avifauna in and around Mayiladuthurai region, Tamil Nadu, India

Seventy-five taxa of birds belonging to 41 families were recorded in the Mayiladuthurai region, Tamil Nadu, India during January 2006 to December 2006. Sixty-two species of these were residents and 13 were local migrants. Among the birds recorded in this study, about 26 species were insectivores and other dominating types included omnivores, predators, granivores and frugivores. Breeding habits of 30 species were recorded, of five different nesting types, viz., cup nesters, cavity / hole nesters, platform nesters, pendant nesters and ground nesters. The birds used a variety of nesting materials, mostly twigs, fibres, sticks, leaves and grasses for nest construction. Thirteen species laid pure white eggs without any markings and nine species laid white eggs with various colour combinations and markings. Some species laid glossy blue, blue green, red and brown coloured eggs

Population densities and diurnal activity pattern of the Indian Roller <i>Coracias benghalensis</i> (Aves: Coraciiformes) in Nagapattinam District, Tamil Nadu, India

Population densities and diurnal activity pattern of the Indian Roller were studied in Nagapattinam District over three years in different habitats. The agricultural lands supported the highest populations (41km-2), followed by river banks (36km-2) and social forests (32km-2); populations showed yearly variations in numbers and density in all habitats. On average, birds were observed to spend most of the day scanning (57%), with the remainder divided among feeding (16%), flying, (12%), preening (10%) and resting (5%). Some variations in activity breakdown were observed between time blocks, seasons and habitats

1-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)-3-phenyl-4-phenylsulfanyl-1H-pyrazole

In the title molecule, C21H14N4O4S, the pyrazole ring forms dihedral angles of 45.6&amp;#8197;(1), 87.7&amp;#8197;(1) and 27.4&amp;#8197;(1)&amp;#176; with the phenyl, sulfur-substituted benzene and nitro-substituted benzene rings, respectively. In the crystal, molecules are connected by weak C&amp;#8212;H...O and C&amp;#8212;H...N hydrogen bonds into layers parallel to (010)