6,595 research outputs found
Eigenvalue Integro-Differential Equations for Orthogonal Polynomials on the Real Line
The one-dimensional harmonic oscillator wave functions are solutions to a
Sturm-Liouville problem posed on the whole real line. This problem generates
the Hermite polynomials. However, no other set of orthogonal polynomials can be
obtained from a Sturm-Liouville problem on the whole real line. In this paper
we show how to characterize an arbitrary set of polynomials orthogonal on
in terms of a system of integro-differential equations of
Hartree-Fock type. This system replaces and generalizes the linear differential
equation associated with a Sturm-Liouville problem. We demonstrate our results
for the special case of Hahn-Meixner polynomials.Comment: 28 pages, Latex, U. Texas at Austin/ Washington University preprin
A sex difference in the context-sensitivity of dominance perceptions
Although dominance perceptions are thought to be important for effective social interaction, their primary function is unclear. One possibility is that they simply function to identify individuals who are capable of inflicting substantial physical harm, so that the perceiver can respond to them in ways that maximize their own physical safety. Another possibility is that they are more specialized, functioning primarily to facilitate effective direct (i.e., violent) intrasexual competition for mates, particularly among men. Here we used a priming paradigm to investigate these two possibilities. Facial cues of dominance were more salient to women after they had been primed with images of angry men, a manipulation known to activate particularly strong self-protection motivations, than after they had been primed with images of angry women or smiling individuals of either sex. By contrast, dominance cues were more salient to men after they had been primed with images of women than when they had been primed with images of men (regardless of the emotional expressions displayed), a manipulation previously shown to alter men's impressions of the sex ratio of the local population. Thus, men's dominance perceptions appear to be specialized for effective direct competition for mates, while women's dominance perceptions may function to maximize their physical safety more generally. Together, our results suggest that men's and women's dominance perceptions show different patterns of context-sensitivity and, potentially, shed new light on the routes through which violence and intrasexual competition have shaped dominance perceptions
Preclinical Assessment of HIV Vaccines and Microbicides by Repeated Low-Dose Virus Challenges
BACKGROUND: Trials in macaque models play an essential role in the evaluation of biomedical interventions that aim to prevent HIV infection, such as vaccines, microbicides, and systemic chemoprophylaxis. These trials are usually conducted with very high virus challenge doses that result in infection with certainty. However, these high challenge doses do not realistically reflect the low probability of HIV transmission in humans, and thus may rule out preventive interventions that could protect against “real life” exposures. The belief that experiments involving realistically low challenge doses require large numbers of animals has so far prevented the development of alternatives to using high challenge doses. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Using statistical power analysis, we investigate how many animals would be needed to conduct preclinical trials using low virus challenge doses. We show that experimental designs in which animals are repeatedly challenged with low doses do not require unfeasibly large numbers of animals to assess vaccine or microbicide success. CONCLUSION: Preclinical trials using repeated low-dose challenges represent a promising alternative approach to identify potential preventive interventions
Programmable telemetry system Patent
Time division multiplexed telemetry transmitting system controlled by programmed memor
Gossip on Weighted Networks
We investigate how suitable a weighted network is for gossip spreading. The
proposed model is based on the gossip spreading model introduced by Lind et.al.
on unweighted networks. Weight represents "friendship." Potential spreader
prefers not to spread if the victim of gossip is a "close friend". Gossip
spreading is related to the triangles and cascades of triangles. It gives more
insight about the structure of a network.
We analyze gossip spreading on real weighted networks of human interactions.
6 co-occurrence and 7 social pattern networks are investigated. Gossip
propagation is found to be a good parameter to distinguish co-occurrence and
social pattern networks. As a comparison some miscellaneous networks and
computer generated networks based on ER, BA, WS models are also investigated.
They are found to be quite different than the human interaction networks.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl
Long Range Forces from Pseudoscalar Exchange
Using dispersion theoretic techniques, we consider coherent long range forces
arising from double pseudoscalar exchange among fermions. We find that Yukawa
type coupling leads to spin independent attractive potentials whereas
derivative coupling renders spin independent repulsive potentials.Comment: 27 pages, REVTeX, 3 figures included using epsfi
Anomalous Josephson Current in Junctions with Spin-Polarizing Quantum Point Contacts
We consider a ballistic Josephson junction with a quantum point contact in a
two-dimensional electron gas with Rashba spin-orbit coupling. The point contact
acts as a spin filter when embedded in a circuit with normal electrodes. We
show that with an in-plane external magnetic field an anomalous supercurrent
appears even for zero phase difference between the superconducting electrodes.
In addition, the external field induces large critical current asymmetries
between the two flow directions, leading to supercurrent rectifying effects.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in PR
Does the complex deformation of the Riemann equation exhibit shocks?
The Riemann equation , which describes a one-dimensional
accelerationless perfect fluid, possesses solutions that typically develop
shocks in a finite time. This equation is \cP\cT symmetric. A one-parameter
\cP\cT-invariant complex deformation of this equation,
( real), is solved exactly using the
method of characteristic strips, and it is shown that for real initial
conditions, shocks cannot develop unless is an odd integer.Comment: latex, 8 page
Research on nonlinear optical materials: an assessment. IV. Photorefractive and liquid crystal materials
This panel considered two separate subject areas: photorefractive materials used for nonlinear optics and liquid crystal materials used in light valves. Two related subjects were not considered due to lack of expertise on the panel: photorefractive materials used in light valves and liquid crystal materials used in nonlinear optics. Although the inclusion of a discussion of light valves by a panel on nonlinear optical materials at first seems odd, it is logical because light valves and photorefractive materials perform common functions
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