350 research outputs found
The clinical characterization of the adult patient with an anxiety or related disorder aimed at personalization of management
The clinical construct of âanxiety neurosisâ was broad and poorly defined, so that the delineation of specific anxiety disorders in the DSMâIII was an important advance. However, anxiety and related disorders are not only frequently comorbid, but each is also quite heterogeneous; thus diagnostic manuals provide only a first step towards formulating a management plan, and the development of additional decision support tools for the treatment of anxiety conditions is needed. This paper aims to describe systematically important domains that are relevant to the personalization of management of anxiety and related disorders in adults. For each domain, we summarize the available research evidence and review the relevant assessment instruments, paying special attention to their suitability for use in routine clinical practice. We emphasize areas where the available evidence allows the clinician to personalize the management of anxiety conditions, and we point out key unmet needs. Overall, the evidence suggests that we are becoming able to move from simply recommending that anxiety and related disorders be treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, cognitiveâbehavioral therapy, or their combination, to a more complex approach which emphasizes that the clinician has a broadening array of management modalities available, and that the treatment of anxiety and related disorders can already be personalized in a number of important respects
The contribution of meteorological parameters and the COVID-19 partial lockdown on air quality in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
This study evaluated the pollutant levels (NO2, SO2, CO, and O3), air quality index (AQI) and
the influence of meteorological variables and coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on the
air quality in Rio de Janeiro. The data set used comprises periods before (March-April, 2019) and
during pandemic (March-April, 2020). According to the AQI results, on most days, the air quality
was ranked as âgoodâ. Brazilian air quality standards for SO2, O3, and NO2 were not exceeded in
any of the monitoring stations during partial lockdown, while CO exceeded in all periods in one
site due to industrial emission. Comparing both periods, descriptive statistics for the meteorological
parameters presented no differences, which suggests similar conditions. However, when evaluated
week by week in 2020, weather conditions presented some differences that probably affected
pollutant concentrations. The correlations between O3 and NO2 and some meteorological parameters
indicate that variations in both favored ozone formation, since it is a photochemical process favored
by temperature and solar radiation and that, in Rio de Janeiro, low NO2 concentrations lead to
increased O3. The improvements on air quality during the partial lockdown may be attributed
mainly to a reduction on emission sources rather than weather conditions.Campus Lima Centr
Understanding psychiatric institutionalization: a conceptual review
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
Event-based record linkage in health and aged care services data: a methodological innovation
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The interface between acute hospital care and residential aged care has long been recognised as an important issue in aged care services research in Australia. However, existing national data provide very poor information on the movements of clients between the two sectors. Nevertheless, there are national data sets which separately contain data on individuals' hospital episodes and stays in residential aged care, so that linking the two data setsâif feasibleâwould provide a valuable resource for examining relationships between the two sectors. As neither name nor common person identifiers are available on the data sets, other information needs to be used to link events relating to inter-sector movement.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Event-based matching using limited demographic data in conjunction with event dates to match events in two data sets provides a possible method for linking related events. The authors develop a statistical model for examining the likely prevalence of false matches, and consequently the number of true matches, among achieved matches when using anonymous event-based record linkage to identify transition events.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Theoretical analysis shows that for event-based matching the prevalence of false matches among achieved matches (a) declines as the events of interest become rarer, (b) declines as the number of matches increases, and (c) increases with the size of the population within which matching is taking place. The method also facilitates the examination of the trade-off between false matches and missed matches when relaxing or tightening linkage criteria.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Event-based record linkage is a method for linking related transition events using event dates and basic demographic variables (other than name or person identifier). The likely extent of false links among achieved links depends on the two event rates, the match rate and population size. Knowing these, it is possible to gauge whether, for a particular study, event-based linkage could provide a useful tool for examining movements. Analysis shows that there is a range of circumstances in which event-based record linkage could be applied to two event-level databases to generate a linked database useful for transition analysis.</p
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International meta-analysis of PTSD genome-wide association studies identifies sex- and ancestry-specific genetic risk loci.
The risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following trauma is heritable, but robust common variants have yet to be identified. In a multi-ethnic cohort including over 30,000 PTSD cases and 170,000 controls we conduct a genome-wide association study of PTSD. We demonstrate SNP-based heritability estimates of 5-20%, varying by sex. Three genome-wide significant loci are identified, 2 in European and 1 in African-ancestry analyses. Analyses stratified by sex implicate 3 additional loci in men. Along with other novel genes and non-coding RNAs, a Parkinson's disease gene involved in dopamine regulation, PARK2, is associated with PTSD. Finally, we demonstrate that polygenic risk for PTSD is significantly predictive of re-experiencing symptoms in the Million Veteran Program dataset, although specific loci did not replicate. These results demonstrate the role of genetic variation in the biology of risk for PTSD and highlight the necessity of conducting sex-stratified analyses and expanding GWAS beyond European ancestry populations
Utilização do laboratório remoto VISIR como recurso educacional num curso de engenharia mecatrÎnica
Este documento descreve uma iniciativa de integração de laboratórios remotos
em um curso de engenharia mecatrÎnica, através do VISIR (Sistema de Instrumento
Virtual em Realidade). Por se tratar de um programa de cooperação internacional, o
VISIR Ă© um laboratĂłrio remoto reconhecido mundialmente, que permite simular de forma
remota uma série de circuitos eletroeletrÎnicos como se estivesse em um laboratório
convencional. No entanto, no Brasil o VISIR chega recentemente e caracteriza-se como
um recurso de apoio ao processo de ensino e de aprendizagem em cursos superiores de
engenharia. O presente estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo verificar, a partir da
perspectiva dos alunos, os pontos relevantes sobre o uso do VISIR como recurso
educativo no curso de engenharia mecatrÎnica, através de um estudo de caso de uma
turma da disciplina Instrumentação I. Os alunos montaram um circuito eletroeletrÎnico,
realizando testes e validaçÔes dos resultados e foram capazes de comparå-los com as
respostas obtidas em um laboratĂłrio convencional. ApĂłs esta etapa, os alunos
responderam a um questionĂĄrio com 10 perguntas fechadas relatando sua experiĂȘncia
de aprendizagem usando VISIR. Com a anĂĄlise das respostas foi possĂvel confirmar a
viabilidade da utilização do VISIR para este grupo de estudantes de engenharia
mecatrÎnica, como contribuinte para a qualificação desses futuros profissionais.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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