Choice of parents for developing two line hybrids in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

An investigation was carried out to evaluate two line hybrids in rice for yield traits. Four TGMS lines and eleven testers were crossed in line x Tester design. Greater proportion of sca variance was observed for all the characters which revealed that preponderance of non- additive gene action governing traits concerned and selection procedures based on the accumulation of additive effects would be successful in improving these traits. The line TS09 24 and testers viz., T 2006, KDML 105, Improved white ponni and BPT 5204 were found to be good combiners for the yield and yield components. The best hybrids based on sca value, TNAU 27S x Improved white ponni was derived from low x low combiners for thousand grain weight and TS 29 X ADT 38 for the number of filled grains per panicle spikelet fertility. The best performing hybrid TS 29 x KDML 105 produced 54.25g of grain yield per plant in 128 days which was 92.89 and 85.47 per cent increase over the standard checks CORH 3 and Improved white ponni respectively. This hybrid also recorded 27.32 and 64.30 per cent increase CORH 3 and Improved white ponni for thousand grain weight. Hence, the two line hybrid breeding system, utilizing thermo sensitive genic male sterility is economically feasible as well as viable alternative to cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) based three line breeding due to much simplified hybrid seed production

STUDIES ON HETEROSIS FOR YIELD IN BRINJAL (Solanum melongena. L)

Heterosis breeding is one of the most efficient tools to exploit the heterotic response for various useful traits. The Line × Tester mating design was undertaken with seven lines and three testers were evaluated along with twenty one hybrids in randomized block design to estimate the magnitude of heterosis for yield and its yield contributing characters. The best way to utilize heterosis in crop is to generate F1 hybrids having maximum heterozygocity, thereby facilitating the identification and selection of hybrid vigor. The positive significant standard heterosis for fruit yield per plant was maximum with L3 × T1 (28.94%) followed by L7 × T3 (15.73%) and L7 × T1 (15.10%) respectively. Some of the promising hybrids have showed desirable heterosis for plant height, number of fruits per plant,1000 seed weight, seedling shoot length, seedling root length and seedling dry weight

FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS ON INDUSTRIAL SYMBIOSIS BETWEEN CEMENT INDUSTRY AND TEA INDUSTRY

The project aims at analyzing the feasibility of utilizing cement kiln dust (CKD) in treating wastewater from tea industry with the concept of industrial symbiosis. CKD is the dust collected at the air pollution control device(s) associated with a kiln system from cement industry. A very less percent of CKD is recycled and the rest is land filled /stockpiled; disrupts groundwater through leaching of minerals. Cement Kiln Dust (CKD), rich in CaO, SiO2, behaves as a neutralizing as well as stabilizing agent for tea effluent treatment. The ability of CKD to reduce the BOD, COD, TSS, and phosphates in tea effluent was analyzed and the optimum dosage is determined. The effect of different dosages of Cement Kiln Dust ranging from (1-3) gm/l has been discussed on the bench scale tests. The results show that, for different CKD concentrations, high removal efficiencies of 94.4 and 99.0, 58.9 for BOD, TSS, phosphates and a lower efficiency for COD with 9.09 are achieved for 2.5gm/l. The persistent presence of color providing proteins theaflavins (TF) and the arubigins (TR) from the leftover tea leaves in the effluent imparts the low removal efficiencies of COD. However, the COD value is within the dischargeable limits (CPCB standards). Moreover, a considerable removal efficiency and high SVI of 0.181 makes CKD a feasible coagulant in treating tea effluent with optimum dosage of 2.5g/l. The objective of developing industrial symbiosis network was thus achieved using the CKD to treat wastewater from tea industries.   International Journal of EnvironmentVolume-4, Issue-3, June-August 2015Page: 20-34</p

A HYBRID NETWORK FOR AUTOMATIC GREENHOUSE MANAGEMENT

ABSTRACT A greenhouse is a building in which plants are grown in closed environment. Greenhouse management is controlling of several greenhouse. The wireless section is located in the indoor environment where great flexibility is needed, particularly in the production area of greenhouse. Instead, the wired section is mainly used in the outside area as a control backbone, to interconnect the greenhouse with the control room. An integrated wired/wireless solution is to use the advantages of both technologies by improving performances. In the wired section, a controller area network (CAN) type network has been chosen on the account of its simplicity, strongest, cheapness, and good performances. for the wireless part, a Zigbee type network has been chosen. The SCADA system is to monitor and control data in a simple way. To maintain the optimal conditions of the environment, greenhouse management requires data acquisition using the SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition)

Studies on the Growth, Thermal and Optical Properties of p-methyl Anilinium Malate Single Crystal

International audienceSingle crystal of a novel p-methyl anilinium malate (PTM) was grown by slow evaporation method. Single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction studies confirm that PTM belongs to monoclinic system with centro-symmetric space group P21/c. FTIR spectral analysis showed the presence of functional groups in PTM compound. Thermal studies exhibit that PTM crystals are stable up to 166⁰C. UV-visible study showed the good transmission region, cutoff wavelength (206 nm) and band gap energy (5.8 eV) and photoluminescence studies explored its efficacy towards device fabrication. The third order nonlinear optical parameters such as the nonlinear refractive index (n2) = 3.41 × 10 −8 cm 2 /W, nonlinear absorption coefficient () =0.03 × 10 −4 cm/W and third order nonlinear susceptibility ( (3)) = 3.77 × 10 −6 esu of PTM crystal were estimated by using Z-scan measurement. Introduction. Recently, much attention has been paid on the development of a novel nonlinear optical (NLO) materials because of their optical applications, such as optical data storage, electro-optical modulation, optical switching, optical frequency doubling and optical communication. The organic compounds are having high nonlinear optical susceptibility (χ) than inorganic materials. The organic materials contain proton acceptor and donor groups positioned at either end of a suitable conjugation path. The efficient optical switching behaviour of third order nonlinear optical organic materials was investigated in recent years. The aim for designing the molecules with high third-order nonlinearity is to incorporate them into device applications. 4-methylaniline contains a proton acceptor amino (NH2) group, which can creates a strong hydrogen bond with organic acids and forms N-H-O, an anilinium group [1]. DL-malic acid one of the simplest chiral dicarboxylic acids, is a suitable building block in crystal engineering and it is used to create two-dimensional anionic networks held together by hydrogen bonds [2]. The structure of the p-methyl anilinium malate compound has been reported [3]. The systematic investigation has been carried on the growth aspects of PTM crystal. The spectral, optical, thermal properties of PTM crystal were studied by using various characterization techniques and results are reported

A boron-dipyrrin-mercury(II) complex as a fluorescence turn-on sensor for chloride and applications towards logic gates

Chloride (Cl-) plays an important role in many cellular responses, including control of membrane potential, neurotransmission, regulation of cell volume and charge balance. Due to its physiological relevance, there is a growing need for improved optical sensors that can detect Cl- ions in biological and environmental samples. Herein, we have developed new N-acylhydrazone substituted BODIPY-mercury(II) based fluorescent turn-on sensors 1-Hg2+ and 2-Hg2+, which showed remarkable selectivity and specificity towards Cl- ions under physiological conditions. The new BODIPY compounds 1 and 2 were synthesized by treating their corresponding 3,5-diformyl BODIPYs 3 and 4 with isonicotinohydrazide in one step under simple reaction conditions. Compounds 1 and 2 absorb in 615-650 nm and emit in 625-660 nm regions. BODIPYs 1 and 2 showed exclusive sensing towards Hg2+ and formed 1-Hg2+ and 2-Hg2+ complexes, respectively, which resulted in the quenching of fluorescence. Job's plot analyses and HR-MS studies supported the formation of 1-Hg2+ and 2-Hg2+ complexes. Complexes 1-Hg2+ and 2-Hg2+ were found to be exclusive fluorescence turn-on sensors for chloride ions. Upon addition of Cl- ions to 1-Hg2+ and 2-Hg2+ complexes, the mercury(II) ions were extracted from the complexes by releasing the free BODIPYs 1 and 2 which reflected in the significant enhancement of fluorescence intensity (22-fold) with a detection limit of 108 nM. The reversibility and reusability of sensors for the detection of Hg2+ and Cl- ions were tested for six cycles. Interestingly, the sensor can be used to construct an IMPLIES logic gate system as demonstrated in this paper. Furthermore, the probe is cell membrane-permeable and can readily be used to detect the intracellular Cl- ions

Varietal Evaluation of Single Petalled Tuberose (Agave amica Medik.) Germplasm for the Growth and Flowering Attributes

The present experiment was to evaluate eight single petaled tuberose germplasm for growth and flowering attributes. All the tuberose germplasm showed a significant variation in the results. In vegetative parameters, the maximum plant height (79.3 cm) was observed in ‘Mexican Single’, while maximum leaf length (35.1 cm) and leaf width (3.4 cm) was observed in ‘Arka Keerthy’ and ‘Bidhan Rajani’, respectively, then high number of leaves seen in the germplasm ‘Mexican Single. In flowering parameters, ‘Nilakottai local” found superior in days taken for spike emergence (64.7 days), spike length (90.9 cm) and rachis length (31.4 cm) respectively. While, floret length (7.28 cm) and Single floret weight (1.57 g) was observed in ‘Bidhan Rajani’

On Skolem odd and even difference mean graphs

Let G=(V,E) be a simple, finite and undirected (p,q)-graph with p vertices and q edges. A graph G is Skolem odd difference mean if there exists an injection f:V(G)→{0,1,2,…,p+3q-3} and an induced bijection f∗:E(G)→{1,3,5,…,2q-1} such that each edge uv (with f(u)>f(v)) is labeled with f∗(uv)=f(u)-f(v)2. We say G is Skolem even difference mean if there exists an injection f:V(G)→{0,1,2,…,p+3q-1} and an induced bijection f∗:E(G)→{2,4,6,…,2q} such that each edge uv (with f(u)>f(v)) is labeled with f∗(uv)=f(u)-f(v)2. A graph that admits a Skolem odd (or even) difference mean labeling is called a Skolem odd (or even) difference mean graph. In this paper, first, we construct some new Skolem odd difference mean graphs and then investigate the Skolem even difference meanness of some standard graphs. Keywords: Mean labeling, Odd mean labeling, Skolem difference mean labeling, Skolem odd difference mean labeling, Skolem even difference mean labeling, AMS Classification (2010): 05C7

4-Methylanilinium 3-carboxy-4-hydroxybenzenesulfonate

In the title molecular salt, C7H10N+·C7H5O6S−, the anion is deprotonated at the hydroxy O atom of the sulfonate group. In the anion, an intra-ionic O—H...O hydrogen bond generates an S(6) graph-set motif. In the crystal, the inter-ionic N—H...O and O—H...O hydrogen bonds generate an R24(12) ring-set motif, linking the anions and cations into an infinite three-dimensional framework. The crystal structure also features C—H...π and π–π [centroid-to-centroid distance = 3.5946 (11) Å] interactions