6,668 research outputs found
Analysis of Traffic Crash Data in Kentucky (2010-2014)
This report documents an analysis of traffic crash data in Kentucky for the years of 2010 through 2014. A primary objective of this study was to determine average crash statistics for Kentucky highways. Rates were calculated for various types of highways and for counties and cities. Difference criteria were used for exposure
Analysis of Traffic Crash Data in Kentucky (2010-2014)
This report documents an analysis of traffic crash data in Kentucky for the years of 2010 through 2014. A primary objective of this study was to determine average crash statistics for Kentucky highways. Rates were calculated for various types of highways and for counties and cities. Difference criteria were used for exposure
Analysis of Traffic Crash Data in Kentucky (2009-2013)
This report documents an analysis of traffic crash data in Kentucky for the years of 2009 through 2013. A primary objective of this study was to determine average crash statistics for Kentucky highways. Rates were calculated for various types of highways and for counties and cities. Difference criteria were used for exposure.
Average and critical numbers and rates of crashes were calculated for various types of high ways in rural and urban areas. These rates used crashes identified on highways where traffic volumes were available. Improved methods of identifying crash locations have resulted in higher rates for the last couple of years. The crash rate data can be used in Kentucky’s procedure to identify locations that have abnormal rates or numbers of crashes.
The other primary objective of this study was to provide data that can be used in the preparation of the problem identification portion of Kentucky’s Annual Highway Safety Plan. County and city crash statistics were analyzed. A summary of results and recommendations in several problem identification areas is presented. These general areas include; alcohol involvement, occupant protection, speed, teenage drivers, pedestrians, bicycles, motorcycles, trucks, and vehicle defects. Other areas included in the analysis for which specific recommendations were not made include, school bus crashes and train crashes.
The crash data are contained in the Collision Report Analysis for Safer Highways (CRASH) data base. This data base is updated daily so the number of crashes in a given calendar year will continue to change for a substantial time after the end of that year
Heat treatment: A viable methyl bromide alternative for managing stored-product insects in food-processing facilities
Heat treatment involves raising and maintaining temperatures of grain storage structures, warehouses, and food-processing facilities between 50 to 60°C to manage stored-product insect species. The duration of heat treatment is application-specific and may vary from 6 h for an empty storage facility to 24 h for an entire food-processing facility. Laboratory and commercial trials with high temperatures during the last decade, especially with forced air gas heaters, have resulted in a wealth of information on (1) understanding responses of insect species and life stages to heat, (2) heat distribution within a treated area, and (3) techniques necessary for gauging effectiveness of commercial heat treatments. Insect responses vary with the temperature, among species, and within a species among life stages. Air movement and strategic placement of fans are important for eliminating cool spots.Keywords: Heat, Forced air, Flour mills, Methyl bromide alternativ
Structurally specific thermal fluctuations identify functional sites for DNA transcription
We report results showing that thermally-induced openings of double stranded
DNA coincide with the location of functionally relevant sites for
transcription. Investigating both viral and bacterial DNA gene promoter
segments, we found that the most probable opening occurs at the transcription
start site. Minor openings appear to be related to other regulatory sites. Our
results suggest that coherent thermal fluctuations play an important role in
the initiation of transcription. Essential elements of the dynamics, in
addition to sequence specificity, are nonlinearity and entropy, provided by
local base-pair constraints
The retarding ion mass spectrometer on dynamics Explorer-A
An instrument designed to measure the details of the thermal plasma distribution combines the ion temperature-determining capability of the retarding potential analyzer with the compositional capabilities of the mass spectrometer and adds multiple sensor heads to sample all directions relative to the spacecraft ram directions. The retarding ion mass spectrometer, its operational modes and calibration are described as well as the data reduction plan, and the anticipated results
Development of Readout Interconnections for the Si-W Calorimeter of SiD
The SiD collaboration is developing a Si-W sampling electromagnetic
calorimeter, with anticipated application for the International Linear
Collider. Assembling the modules for such a detector will involve special
bonding technologies for the interconnections, especially for attaching a
silicon detector wafer to a flex cable readout bus. We review the interconnect
technologies involved, including oxidation removal processes, pad surface
preparation, solder ball selection and placement, and bond quality assurance.
Our results show that solder ball bonding is a promising technique for the Si-W
ECAL, and unresolved issues are being addressed.Comment: 8 pages + title, 6 figure
Double Distribution of Dark Matter Halos with respect to Mass and Local Overdensity
We present a double distribution function of dark matter halos, with respect
to both object mass and local over- (or under-) density. This analytical tool
provides a statistical treatment of the properties of matter surrounding
collapsed objects, and can be used to study environmental effects on
hierarchical structure formation. The size of the "local environment" of a
collapsed object is defined to depend on the mass of the object. The
Press-Schechter mass function is recovered by integration of our double
distribution over the density contrast. We also present a detailed treatment of
the evolution of overdensities and underdensities in Einstein-deSitter and flat
LCDM universes, according to the spherical evolution model. We explicitly
distinguish between true and linearly extrapolated overdensities and provide
conversion relations between the two quantities.Comment: 25 pages, 10 figures, comments welcom
Testing the Relation Between the Local and Cosmic Star Formation Histories
Recently, there has been great progress toward observationally determining
the mean star formation history of the universe. When accurately known, the
cosmic star formation rate could provide much information about Galactic
evolution, if the Milky Way's star formation rate is representative of the
average cosmic star formation history. A simple hypothesis is that our local
star formation rate is proportional to the cosmic mean. In addition, to specify
a star formation history, one must also adopt an initial mass function (IMF);
typically it is assumed that the IMF is a smooth function which is constant in
time. We show how to test directly the compatibility of all these assumptions,
by making use of the local (solar neighborhood) star formation record encoded
in the present-day stellar mass function. Present data suggests that at least
one of the following is false: (1) the local IMF is constant in time; (2) the
local IMF is a smooth (unimodal) function; and/or (3) star formation in the
Galactic disk was representative of the cosmic mean. We briefly discuss how to
determine which of these assumptions fail, and improvements in observations
which will sharpen this test.Comment: 14 pages in LaTeX (uses aaspp4.sty). 5 postscript figures. To appear
in the Astrophysical Journa
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